Unit 1 Grammar and usage ppt课件-（2020）新牛津译林版高中英语选择性必修第四册.pptx

1、INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Yadverbial clausesOverview ofINTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y第一章哦Definition KNOW ADVERBIAL CLAUSESINTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D YDefinitionKNOW ADVERBIAL CLAUSES状语状语从句状语是用来修饰谓语、形容词或副词，或是整个句子的成分。当充当状语的部分是一个

2、句子时，该句子就是状语从句。INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D YClassification FIVE第二章哦INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y1.when，while和和as引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句连词含义及用法例句when“当时候”，可与延续性动词或短暂性动词连用；从句动作可以发生在主句动作之前、之后或与主句动作同时发生When you apply for a job，you must present your application.当

3、你申请工作时，你必须递交你的申请表。(一一)时间状语从句时间状语从句INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Ywhile“当时候”，一般只可与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时发生When/While the teacher paraphrased the text in English，the students listened attentively and took notes.当老师用英语解释课文时，学生们聚精会神地听并做着笔记。as“随着”，“一边一边”，常与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生As

4、it gets warmer and warmer，the trees begin to come to life.随着天气越来越暖和，树木开始有了生机。INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y2.before和和since引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句连词词义常用句式before在之前；还没有来得及就；趁着；才It will be/was一段时间before.要过/过了时间才It wont be一段时间before.过不了多久就会It wasnt一段时间before.没过多久就了since自从以来It is/has be

5、en一段时间since从句(从句用一般过去时)INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y3.till/until引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句(1)until/till用于肯定句时，其主句谓语动词为延续性动词；(2)not.until/till.所在的主句的谓语动词为非延续性动词；(3)until可用于句首，而till不能；(4)not until 置于句首，主句要用部分倒装；(5)it is/was not until.that.强调句型。”INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I

6、O NS T U D YAs far as I know，his mother wont go to bed until he returns home every evening.As far as I know，not until he returns home every evening will his mother go to bed.As far as I know，it is not until he returns home every evening that his mother will go to bed.据我所知，他母亲每晚直到他回家才会上床睡觉。 INTRODUCT

7、IONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y4.表示“一就”的连词引导的时间状语从句(1)as soon as，the moment/minute/instant，immediately/directly/instantly等。(2)在hardly.when.，no sooner.than.结构中，主句用过去完成时，when或than所在的从句用一般过去时。The new building programme will go ahead as soon as the government releases the funds.Hardly/No so

8、oner had we got to the destination when/than we set out to do some volunteer work there.INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y5.其他连词引导的时间状语从句every time/each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(随时)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)，by the time(当的时候)The first time I heard of Ste

9、phen Hawking，I was moved by his devotion to the research.当我第一次听说史蒂芬霍金时，我被他对研究的投入所感动。By the time you come back，well have completed the project.到你回来的时候，我们将已完成这项工程。INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y(二二)原因原因状语从句状语从句连词连词意义和用法意义和用法例句例句becausebecause表示人们不表示人们不知道的直接的原因知道的直接的原因或理由，通常用于或理由，

10、通常用于回答回答why引出的疑引出的疑问句，语气最强问句，语气最强He didnt take in what he read because his mind was focused on something else.他看不懂所读的东西，因为他看不懂所读的东西，因为他的心思都集中在别的事情他的心思都集中在别的事情上了。上了。INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Yasas引导的原因状语从句所引出的理由在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉而不需要强调As it is snowing，we shall not climb t

11、he mountain.由于在下雪，我们不去爬山了。since/now that表示人们已知的事实，不需要强调的原因，故常译为“既然”Now that/Since youve grown up you must learn to stand on your own two feet.你既然已经长大成人，就得学会独立生活。INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Yseeing (that)鉴于；由于Seeing (that) the weather is bad，well stay at home.鉴于天气不好，我们将待在家里。in

12、 that“因为；基于的理由”，可以和because换用I wonder whether his hearing is okay in that he has turned the television up very loud.我不知道他的听力否还好，因为他把电视声音开得很大。INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Ysomany/few可数名词复数可数名词复数much/little( (少少) )不可数名词不可数名词that从句从句such形容词形容词不可数名词不可数名词可数名词复数可数名词复数that从句从句so形容词形容词

13、/副词副词that从句从句so形容词形容词a/an可数名词单数可数名词单数that从句从句sucha/an形容词可数名词单数形容词可数名词单数that从句从句结果状语从句常由so that，so.that,such.that.等引导。表示如此以至于。结构形式如图:(三三)结果结果状语从句状语从句INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y1.He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family.So little money did he earn that he

14、couldnt support his family.2.He is such a learned person that we admire him very much.He is so learned a person that we admire him very much.Such a learned person/So learned a person is he that we admire him very much.3. Linda phoned me in on arrival so that I knew she was safe and sound.(三三)结果结果状语从

15、句状语从句INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y概念让步状语从句一般翻译为“尽管，即使”，就是我们日常生活中用的“退一步说”的感觉。1.although/though引导让步状语从句。意为“虽然；尽管”，可与yet，still，nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。(四四)让步让步状语从句状语从句Although/Though t h e y h a v e b e e n talking for a long time yet，he cannot make her believe him.例句引导词INTRODU

16、CTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y(四四)让步让步状语从句状语从句2.while意为“虽然；尽管”，多用于正式文体，且多位于句首，相当于although。例句W h i l e o n l i n e s h o p p i n g h a s changed our life，not all of its effects have been positive.INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y(四四)让步让步状语从句状语从句3.as引导的让步状语从句，意为“尽管，

17、虽然”，从句多位于主句之前，而且必须使用倒装语序，此时可与though换用。例句Child as/though he was，he helped me a lot.INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y(四四)让步让步状语从句状语从句4.even if/though引导的让步状语从句even if/though意为 “ 即 使 ， 尽管”。例句Set aside some time each day to practise speaking English，even if/though it is only five minu

18、tes.INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y(四四)让步让步状语从句状语从句5.疑问词-ever与“no matter疑问词”引导的让步状语从句，疑问词-ever表示“无论”，引导让步状语从句时，相当于“no matter疑问词”。例句However/No matter how hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down on the amount of food you eat.INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O

19、 D U C T I O NS T U D Y(四四)让步让步状语从句状语从句6.whether.or.引导的让步状语从句whether.or.意为“ 无 论 还是”，提供两种对比情况。例句All people，whether they are old or young，rich or poor，have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y(五五)其他类型的其他类型的状语从句状语从句状语从句状语从

20、句连词连词地点状语从句地点状语从句where，wherever等等目的状语从句目的状语从句so that(为了为了)，in case(以免，以防以免，以防)，for fear that(唯恐，以防唯恐，以防)，in order that等等条件状语从句条件状语从句if，unless (除非除非)，as/so long as(只要只要)，on condition that(只要只要)，in case (假使假使)，providing/provided (that)，supposing (that)(假使，假使，倘若倘若)等。等。INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U

21、 C T I O NS T U D Y(五五)其他类型的其他类型的状语从句状语从句方式状语从方式状语从句句as，as if/as though等等比较状语从比较状语从句句as.as.，the same as，比较级，比较级than，the比较级比较级.，the比较级比较级.等等INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y第三章哦Practice FILL IN THE BLANKSINTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y.用适当的连词完成下面的短文用适当的连词完成下面

22、的短文My classmate Michael studied very hard 1. he went to senior school. Every day he worked 2. everyone else in my class left the classroom. He said he wouldnt stop trying 3._he got satisfying scores in his studies. Hard 4. he tried，he made little progress，but he didnt lose heart at all 5._he believe

23、d as long as he persisted he would succeed one day.INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D Y6. time went by，he made improvements in his studies and he was admitted to a university in Beijing at last. We had a get-together party 7. we started our new life in university.Everyone had got of

24、fers from universities,8. we had a very good time. When we stood 9. we used to play and study，we couldnt help thinking of our happy old days. We believed we would never forget each other,10. we would go or whatever we would do.INTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D YAnswer ：1.after2.until/till3.unless/until4.as/though5.because/as6.As7.before8.so9.where10.whereverINTRODUCTIONS T U D YI N T R O D U C T I O NS T U D YThank you