1、Unit 11Conflict and CompromiseLesson 2Dealing with Conflict【基础知识过关】.单词拼写1In 2016 Britain voted to _ (退出) from the EU.2She became so nervous that she shook _ (剧烈地)3One must apply oneself to the present and keep ones eyes _ (坚定地) fixed on ones future goals.4Scientists have a fairly _ (消极的) attitude to
2、 the theory.5The government has been accused of not _ (回应) appropriately to the needs of the homeless.6She tried _ (跺脚) her feet to keep warm at the bus stop.7The boss _ (咒骂) at the waitress when she broke a plate.8The _ (后果) of a rising sea level would be widespread flooding.9The violence was the r
3、esult of political and ethnic _ (冲突).单句语法填空1I got the job on the strength of your _ (recommend)2On the other hand, there are always some people who view this gap _ (negative)3He determined on a _ (withdraw) of his forces.4We prefer to subscribe to an alternative _ (explain)5_ surprised us most there
4、 was the beauty of the scenes.6Closing the plant will lead _ 300 job losses.7The courts can refuse _ (admit) police evidence which has been illegally obtained.8These two problems mustnt be treated _ the same way.短语填空1Its not easy for anyone to _ in emergencies.2I tend to accept any idea _ by experts
5、 on TV.3Mr. Knight cant be here, so his wife will accept the prize _.4We must take positive steps to _ the problem.5He made one big mistake, and, _， lost his job.完成句子1回应谩骂性电子邮件的最好办法就是置之不理。The best way to _ a flame is to ignore it.2非常荣幸来到这里与大家分享音乐如何影响了我的人生。Its an honor to be here and to _ you the sto
6、ry of how music has had an impact on my life.3昨天他刚从银行里取了500美元，就被抢劫了。He _ $500 from a bank account yesterday when he was robbed.4我们把婚礼提前了两周。We have _ by two weeks.5从房子的窗户可以把通向农场的那条小路尽收眼底。The lane _ the farm was in full view of the house windows.【能力提升训练】.阅读AAs Simon Kindleysides, 34, took his first st
7、ep in the London Marathon in April, he felt as if magic was in the air.“As we were walking towards the first mile, we actually started joining all the runners，” he said. “Everyone was on the streets, cheering, and that was a magical moment.” As time went on, the crowds and other racers spread around
8、. Kindleysides and his team of eight supporters continued walking.Kindleysides, who is paralysed (瘫痪的) from the waist down and typically uses a wheelchair, was equipped with an exoskeleton (外骨骼) to help him walk. His supporters walked with him to change the batteries in his exoskeleton so he could k
9、eep moving.In 2013, Kindleysides was diagnosed with a brain tumour (脑瘤) that was growing in a way that pressed on certain nerves, leading to him losing feeling in his legs. He was told he would never walk again. Before his paralysis, the Londonbased singer and dancer had always wanted to run a marat
10、hon, but he never made the plan to do sountil this year.During the London Marathon, the last twomile race was the hardest. “At that point, I was exhausted. It was freezing cold, and I was hurting emotionally，” Kindleysides said. But he kept going. “I didnt want to let people down. I had a team of ei
11、ght, and I was raising money for The Brain Tumour Charity，” he said. “I didnt want to let them down, myself down, and I thought if I would get this far, I would have to continue.” So he continued and made history as the first paralysed man to complete the London Marathon on foot.Then, recovering at
12、home, he shared his accomplishment with his three children. “They used to say Im the only dad in their whole school thats in a wheelchair, and now they say Im their dad, the only one that has walked a marathon，” he said.Kindleysides is training to complete three more marathons next year, including t
13、he London Marathon again.1Why did Kindleysidess supporters accompany him all the way?ATo inspire him as a team.BTo help change the batteries.CTo guide him along the road.DTo assist him with the wheelchair.2What caused Kindleysidess disability?AAn accident in the previous marathon.BAn operation on hi
14、s brain for the tumour.CSome nerves produced out of the tumour.DThe pressure from the brain tumour on the nerves.3What partly supported Kindleysides to finish the hardest twomile race?AThe determination to beat others.BThe strong desire to recover.CThe kindness to help the charity.DThe prize money f
15、or the winner.4What can we learn about Kindleysides?AHe was once a successful actor.BHis children feel a pity for him in the wheelchair now.CHe is ambitious for joining in the London Marathon once more.DHe was the first disabled man to complete the London Marathon.BFollowing the outbreak of the nove
16、l coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), also named COVID19 by WHO, there is a general fear of the unknown virus as its full effects remain to be seen. Fever, coughing, sore throat, difficulty breathingthe NCPs symptoms are similar to the common cold or the flu, but its potentially more dangerous.Viruses coul
17、d be deadly, like HIV and Ebola. But what are viruses? How can they cause so much trouble?Viruses are nonliving organisms (有机体) approximately onemillionth of an inch long. Unlike human cells or bacteria, they cant reproduce on their own. Instead, they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduc
18、e, spread and take over.Viruses can infect every living thingfrom plants and animals down to the smallest bacteria. For this reason, they always have the potential to be dangerous to human life. Sometimes a virus can cause a disease so serious that it is fatal. Other viral infections trigger no noti
19、ceable reaction. Viruses lie around our environment all of the time, waiting for a host cell to come along. They can enter our bodies by the nose, mouth, eyes or breaks in the skin. Once inside, they try to find a host cell to infect. For example, HIV, which causes AIDS, attacks the Tcells of the im
20、mune system.But the basic question is, where did viruses first come from? Until now, no clear explanation for their origin exists. “Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult”， Ed Rybicki, a virologist (病毒学家) at the University of Cape Town in South Africa, told Scientific American, “because viruses
21、 dont leave fossils and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells theyve invaded.”However, there are three main hypotheses (假说) to explain the origin of viruses. First, viruses started as independent organisms, then became parasites (寄生者). Second, viruses evolved f
22、rom pieces of DNA or RNA that “escaped” from larger organisms. Third, viruses coevolved with their host cells, which means they existed alongside these cells.For the time being, these are only theories. The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the
23、most plausible explanation. Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers. Or future studies may reveal that the answer is even murkier (含糊不清的) than it now appears.5What can we learn about viruses from the text?AViruses have nothing to do with the common cold.BViruses are really small livin
24、g organisms.CViruses cant reproduce unless they find a host cell.DViruses enter our bodies mainly through the mouth, nose and hair.6Which of the following might explain the origin of viruses?AThey evolved from the fossils of large organisms.BThey evolved from parasites into independent organisms.CTh
25、ey evolved from the Tcells in animals.DThey evolved along with their host cells.7The underlined word “plausible” in the last paragraph probably means “_”Areasonable BcommonCcreative Dunbelievable8What can we conclude from the text?AViruses live longer in human host cells than in animals.BViruses wil
26、l become more like bacteria as they evolve.CIt may take a long time to understand the origin of viruses.DThe author is optimistic about future virus research.CFacial expressions carry the meanings that are determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture the smile is in g
27、eneral an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A womans smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion across cultures. For example, many
28、people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians d
29、ont smile enough. In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our
30、 own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions.Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expression permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations man
31、y Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.It is difficult to generalise about Americans and their facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People fro
32、m certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotions are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” other people incorrectly.9Wh
33、at does the smile usually mean in America?ALove. BPoliteness.CJoy. DThankfulness.10The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can _.Ashow friendliness to strangersBbe used to hide true feelingsCbe used in the wrong placesDshow personal habits11What should we do before attemp
34、ting to “read” people?ALearn about their relations with others.BUnderstand their cultural backgrounds.CFind out about their past experiences.DFigure out what they will do next.12What would be the best title for the text?ACultural DifferencesBSmiles and RelationshipsCFacial ExpressivenessDHabits and
35、Emotions.七选五A good training partner can be a great asset (有用的人) to your training but if you get stuck with a bad one, it could lead you down the road to frustration. _1_ Here are a few things to look out for：Dependable. Choose someone who you are sure will show up for every scheduled workout or who
36、will call you if they cant make it. It is a drain(消耗) on your valuable energy especially before training to have to constantly remind your partner.Attitude. Get a partner with a positive attitude. This is very important. If they constantly say that something is impossible or that they cant or you ca
37、nt do something, you may end up believing them. _2_Open mind. Get a partner with an open mind. Someone who has to do things in his or her way all the time，will not listen to you and will not change his or her mind isnt a good partner. _3_ The leader should take into account the needs and feelings of
38、 the other partner not totally ignoring them.Spotting. Get someone you feel comfortable with spotting you. One of the main roles of a training partner is spotting and if you dont trust them，theres not much point in having them around to help._4_ If you are a beginner，try to find someone who knows wh
39、at they are doing. You will get more out of your training than if you train with another beginner.While there are a number of advantages of having a training partner，there are also advantages of working alone. _5_ATraining level.BSimilar strength levels.CBe selective when choosing a training partner
40、.DFind someone with a similar training goal as you.EIn every partnership，one person will tend to be the leader.FDo not train with someone who is satisfied with no improvement.GIn the end，it is really up to you whether or not you need a training partner.语法填空We all know clean water is important for go
41、od health. But now we also know we should watch 1._ we keep our water in. Plastic bottles hardened with a dangerous material 2._ (call) BPA can release a chemical into our water that harms our bodies. Since 2011, many countries 3._ (ban) companies from using plastic with BPA in food containers and b
42、aby bottles. But are other nonBPA plastics safe?Plastic labelled BPAfree might use other chemicals that have 4._ (harm) health effects. 5._ (study) have shown that low levels of those chemicals might have the same effects as BPA. So, what should people do? The 6._ (good) material to drink from is gl
43、ass, 7._ has no chemicals that can poison water.Another good choice 8._ a drink container is stainless steel. Stainless steel bottles are better than aluminum bottles, which are covered with a thin plastic 9._ (protect) the metal from acids. There are many good foodgrade stainless steel water bottle
44、s on the market.If you do decide to use a reusable plastic water bottle, avoid 10._ (keep) it in the sun. Sunlight and hot liquid speed up the release of chemicals into your drinking water.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Antarctica is the center of important scientific research. However, with an incre
45、asing number of day, scientists have to leave their work to greet a group of tourists who are taking a vacation in this continent of ice. Even though their desire to enjoy this vast and beautiful landscape can be appreciated, Antarctica should be closed to tourists.Tourists in Antarctica can damage
46、scientific research and hurt the environment. When tourist groups come, they take scientists away from their research. The work is difficult and some of the projects can be damaged by such simple mistakes as opening the wrong door or knocking against a small piece of equipment. In addition, tourists
47、 in Antarctica can also hurt the environment. Members of Greenpeace, one of the worlds leading environmental organizations, complain tourists leave trash on beaches and disturb the plants and animals. In a place as frozen as Antarctica, it can take one hundred years for a plant to grow back.The need to protect Antarctica
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