记叙文阅读专题讲义-（2020）新牛津译林版高中英语高二上学期选择性必修第二册.docx

1、阅读理解之记叙文阅读解题技巧Come on slow coach! Hurry up! I (Emily) called excitedly. Grace walked over the cart and kneeled down beside me. Are you ready? I asked. Yes, said Grace.Carefully I untied the string around the package. Then, together we pulled the sacks (麻布袋) off. There wasnt a dead body inside There

2、was just a roll of cloth. And we both recognized the cloth. It was from Salts Mill.Theyre stealing cloth from the mill, I said shocked.We have to tell someone. said Grace.Yes, I said, but not yet. Well come back tonight. Well see who they meet.I dont want to come back tonight, said Grace.Then Ill co

3、me by myself, I said I wasnt afraid of the dark.When you worked in a mill, you were afraid of the machines and you were afraid of the overlooker (监工). They were far more terrifying than the darkness. I loved the silence of night-time. And in fact, I loved the darkness because with the darkness came

4、the end of the working day.So that night, I walked back to the canal alone. It was a clear night and I could see the stars. I hid in some bushes near the cart, and waited. I didnt have to wait for long. First, the man with red hair came. He stood by the old cart and coughed, a horrible chesty cough

5、that broke the silence of the night. Then along came another man. I recognized him and my heart sank. It was Graces father.Poor Grace, I thought. I cant tell anyone about this. Graces father will go to prison. The family will lose their house. Grace will lose her job. Theyll have no money and no hom

6、e. Theyll die.I looked into the darkness for an answer. I have to tell someone, I thought. And there was only one person I could tell. There was only one person I could trust. That was James, James father was an important overlooker. The overlooker wont believe me. But maybe hell believe his son Jam

7、es loves me. Hell listen to me.33. Why didnt Grace want to come back that night?A. Because she was a person who was afraid of darkness.B. Because her slowness would have an effect on Emilys plan.C. Because she hated Emily due to Emily laughing at her slowness.D. Because she had known her fathers par

8、ticipation in stealing cloth.34. Which was not a reason for Emilys love of darkness?A. She could enjoy the silence that nights brought.B. She could prove that she was braver than Grace.C. She could have free time to relax herself after work.D. She could break away from the overlooker and machines.35

9、. All of the following statements are true except that _.A. the red-haired man was not in good healthB. James father was the only person that Emily could believe inC. Emily felt shocked to learn that another man was Graces fatherD. the comments of the sacks contradicted what Emily and Grace had expe

10、cted【答案】33. A 34. B 35. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了艾米丽和格蕾丝发现了一个麻袋，麻袋里装着从工厂里偷来的布匹。艾米丽和格蕾丝决定晚上一探究竟，看看是谁偷了布，但格蕾丝不敢晚上来。夜幕降临，艾米丽惊讶地发现偷布的人是格蕾丝的父亲，她决定将此事告诉自己的男朋友 詹姆斯。【33题详解】推理判断题。由第六，七段“I dont want to come back tonight, said Grace.Then Ill come by myself, I said I wasnt afraid of the dark.”可知，格蕾丝今晚不想回来一探究竟，艾米丽决定自己来

11、，因为为她不害怕黑暗。所以为什么格雷斯那天晚上不想回来是因为她是个怕黑的人。故选A项。【34题详解】细节理解题。由第八段“you were afraid of the machines and you were afraid of the overlooker (监工). They were far more terrifying than the darkness. I loved the silence of night-time. And in fact, I loved the darkness because with the darkness came the end of the

12、 working day.”可知，艾米丽和格蕾丝都是工厂的工人，白天工作时，他们害怕机器，害怕监工。他们比黑暗可怕得多。艾米丽喜欢夜晚的寂静。事实上，艾米丽喜欢黑暗，因为随着黑暗的到来，宣告这一天工作结束了，可以放松一下。所以B选项“她能证明她比格蕾丝勇敢”并不是她喜欢黑暗的原因。故选B项。【35题详解】细节理解题。由最后段“And there was only one person I could tell. There was only one person I could trust. That was James”可知，艾米丽唯一能信任的人是 詹姆斯。所以B选项“詹姆斯的父亲是艾米莉唯

13、一能相信的人”是错误的。故选B项。记叙文类文章阅读理解技巧高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就有可能大大提高。要熟练掌握记叙文的阅读技巧，了解记叙文的写作特点与命题特点也是有必要的。记叙文写作特点记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。不管是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感

14、悟，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可谓“一篇之妙，在于落句”。记叙文命题特点从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的

15、题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。记叙文答题技巧一把钥匙开一把锁。要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。一：顺藤摸瓜。记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, who, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。二：左顾右盼。在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研

16、究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。三：刨根问底。如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如“What can be inferred from ?”或是What does the author imply in?”之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。

17、有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。四：拨云见日。每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。这时，你不仅需要“左顾右盼”，还需要在几句话，一个段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行间中快速搜寻，看看前面、后面都发生了些什么；反复琢磨人物、事物，或者人物与事物之间的内在联系，才可能在最后拨开团团迷雾，从四个选项中选出正确答案【例题

18、精讲】Our first welcome to the UK wasnt from the staff of Heathrow Airport or the coach driver who entered into our lives to take us to our new city and new home for the next three weeks.It was, in fact, the noisy and energetic seagulls(海鸥) full of songs that flew down to us. When left from the planes

19、exits passage, we still could hear their loud and clear songs through the glasses. It was amazing that they lifted our spirits and cheered us up after our stupidly long and awful journey.These seagulls welcomed my Chinese people into their home with open wings and if they could speak instead of mere

20、ly squawk(鸟叫), Im sure we wouldve struck up some bright and harmonious relationship. They liked to hover(盘旋) overhead around with childlike greetings they sang or just simply walk fearlessly close to our feet. Some of us saved bread our host family prepared in the lunchboxes for these friends. And l

21、ovely, we would like to share what we have for the rest of eternity(永恒).But Julie，the mother of my host family，who then I stayed with，does not think so. Strangely as well, she could not give any reasons. The closed and squawk-proof double-glazing explains. Perhaps she prefers to sleep with her windo

22、ws open but she always fails to do that, because those birds seemed to like staying up till next morning, wholly screaming for her on and on. And they decide to keep doing so every single night. Furthermore, every time she has to wash the marble floor of the gardens, Julie would look up around and s

23、wear to the droppings(鸟粪) shortly followed by a smile on her face towards me and said: “They are friendly to you.”But stop thinking that she hates the creatures and never plans to have a change. Because there is another side to her evident feelings towards the birds. We will do some shopping at week

24、ends and every time there Julie doesnt forget to put a big bag of wild birdseed(鸟食) into her carriage which costs quite more than milks or juices for one week. I can see what it goes for since she refills the wild bird feeder(喂食器) before a big hurry to drive to work every morning and when working sh

25、e knows what is happening back at home seagulls are enjoying the seed and leaving for next morning.Im leaving soon and not likely, I guess, though I hope not, to get back to see my friends here in England in the future. I said I would miss all friends living here including the seagulls. And when Jul

26、ie was refilling the feeder again, she said: “Theyre nice but they are not my friends.”31. According to the first paragraph, we can know that _.A. they felt disappointed at not being welcomed by any local people as they landedB. they felt surprised to find seagulls there shortly after they landedC.

27、they didnt like to be welcomed by the seagulls because they were noisy and stupidD. those birds were more energetic and friendly than the local people32. What does “squawk-proof double-glazing” underlined in Paragraph 3 refer to？A. a shotgun used for fowling(捕鸟)B. a cage used for keeping birdsC. bir

28、dseed used to feed the seagullsD. a window used to keep noise out33. Julie said the seagulls were nice but not her friends for the following reasons EXCEPT that _.A. the seagulls disturbed her every nightB. the seagulls dirtied her gardenC. the birdseeds were not cheapD. the seagulls were friendly t

29、o her guests34. Whats the best title for this passage？A. Birds Can WelcomeB. Birds in LondonC. Bite the Hand that Feed YouD. Feed What You Want to Kill35. The passage is most possibly taken from _.A. a magazine about birdsB. a book about LondonC. an advertisement attracting visitors to LondonD. a ma

30、gazine about travelling【答案】31. B 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了我去英格兰旅游时寄宿家庭的女主人Julie对海鸥的又爱又恨虽然被它们吵得整夜睡不着觉、鸟粪还弄脏了她的花园，但她还是去买鸟食喂它们。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When left from the planes exits passage, we still could hear their loud and clear songs through the glasses. It was amazing that they l

31、ifted our spirits and cheered us up”可知，他们一着陆就惊讶地发现那里有海鸥，故B项正确。【32题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Perhaps she prefers to sleep with her windows open but she always fails to do that, because those birds seemed to like staying up till next morning, wholly screaming for her on and on.”可知，也许她更喜欢开着窗户睡觉，但她总是做不到，因为海鸥似乎喜欢

32、彻夜不停地叫，所以要关上窗户隔音，由此可知画线词指的是“用来隔音的窗户”，故D项正确。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Perhaps she prefers to sleep with her windows open but she always fails to do that, because those birds seemed to like staying up till next morning, wholly screaming for her on and on.”及“Furthermore, every time she has to wash the marbl

33、e floor of the gardens, Julie would look up around and swear to the droppings(鸟粪) shortly followed by a smile on her face towards me and said: “They are friendly to you.”可知，Julie说海鸥很好但不是她的朋友是因为它们彻夜不停地叫打扰她休息，鸟粪弄脏了花园的大理石以及它们对她的客人很友好，而并不是因为鸟食不便宜，故C项正确。【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是倒数第二段中的“Because there is ano

34、ther side to her evident feelings towards the birds.”可知，本文主要讲述了我去英格兰旅游时寄宿家庭的女主人Julie对海鸥的又爱又恨虽然整夜被它们吵得睡不着觉、鸟粪还弄脏了她的花园，但她还是去买鸟食喂它们的故事，故D项（喂你想杀了的东西）正确。【35题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲的是旅游时的见闻，属于一篇游记，最有可能出现在旅游杂志中，故D项正确。【点睛】文章标题形式的主旨大意题难度较大，被选选项要具有高度的概括性，例如本篇第4题，通读全文，特别是根据倒数第二段中的“Because there is another side to

35、her evident feelings towards the birds.”可知，本文主要讲述了我去英格兰旅游时寄宿家庭的女主人Julie虽然被海鸥吵得整夜睡不着觉、鸟粪还弄脏了她的花园，但她还去买鸟食喂它们，因此被选选项一定要体现出女主人对海鸥两方面的感情又爱又恨，故D项（喂你想杀了的东西）最适合做文章标题。It was New Years Night. An aged man was standing at a window. He raised his mournful (悲哀的) eyes towards the deep blue sky, where the stars wer

36、e floating like white lilies (百合花) on the surface of a clear calm lake. He had already passed sixty and brought from his journey nothing but errors (错误) and regrets. Now his health was poor, his mind vacant and his heart sorrowful (悲伤的).The days of his youth appeared like dreams before him, and he r

37、ecalled the serious moment when his father placed him at the entrance of the two roadsone leading to a peaceful, sunny place, covered with flowers, fruits and filled with soft, sweet songs; the other leading to a deep, dark cave, which was endless, where poison flowed instead of water and devils and

38、 poisonous snake hissed (发撕嘶声) and crawled (爬行).He saw the lights flowing away in the darkness. These were the days of his wasted life; he saw a star fall from the sky and disappeared, and this was the symbol (象征) of himself. His regret like a sharp arrow (箭) struck deeply into his heart. Then he re

39、membered his friends in his childhood. But they had made their way to success and were now honoured and happy on this night.The high church clock struck and the sound made him remember his parents early love for him. They had taught him and prayed for his good. But he chose the wrong way. With shame

40、 and grief he dared no longer look towards that heaven. His darkened eyes were full of tears, and with a despairing (绝望的) effort, he burst out a cry: Come back, my early days!His youth did return, for all this was only a dream which he had on New Year Night. He was still young though his faults were

41、 real; he had not yet entered the deep, dark cave, and he was still free to walk on the road which leads to the peaceful and sunny land.Those who still wander (徘徊) on the entrance of life, hesitating (犹豫) to choose the bright road, remember that when years are passed and your feet stumble (绊脚) on th

42、e dark mountains, you will cry bitterly, but in vain (徒劳): Oh youth, return! Oh give me back my early days!12. Why does the author set his story on New Years Night?A. He tries to stress (强调) the mans sad feeling.B. He wants to tell people its time to recall the past.C. He suggests the aged man will

43、have a bright future.D. He expects people to share the mans sad feeling.13. The aged man in the passage on New Years Night can be described as _.A. sorrowful, peaceful and regretfulB. hopeful, sorrowful and peacefulC. disappointed, regretful and hopefulD. regretful, painful and disappointed14. The a

44、uthor writes the passage mainly to _.A. encourage young people to take the right roadB. help the old man to pick up his confidenceC. describe the old mans unsuccessful experienceD. show his sympathy for the old man15. From the passage we can learn that _.A. the man returned from a long journey and r

45、egretted what he had doneB. the man found it no use crying over the wrong pastC. the man was deserted by his parents when he was only a childD. the man didnt enter the deep and dark cave when he was young【答案】12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B【解析】这是一篇故事。这篇文章主要讲了一位青年做梦自己已经老去，后悔自己的青春虚度，以此告诫青少年要把握好自己的青春，选择正确的人生道路。

46、【12题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，新年之夜本来应该是一个欢喜和充满希望的夜晚，而作者把这个故事的背景设定在这一时刻，更强调了这个人极度悲伤的感情，故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据He had already passed sixty and brought from his journey nothing but errors and regretsNow his health was poor，his mind vacant and his heart sorrowful.（老人已经度过了60载春秋，而他从这漫长的旅途中带来的，除了过失和忏悔，别无他物。他的健康失去了，他的头

47、脑空虚了，他的心灵充满了悲哀。）可以看出这位老人后悔、痛苦又绝望，故选D。【14题详解】写作目的题。根据文章最后一段Those who still wander (徘徊) on the entrance of life, hesitating (犹豫) to choose the bright road, remember that when years are passed and your feet stumble (绊脚) on the dark mountains, you will cry bitterly, but in vain (徒劳): Oh youth, return! O

48、h give me back my early days!可知，这篇文章的作者用一个人做的一个可怕的梦鼓励年轻人一定要选择正确的道路，故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据Those who still wander on the entrance of life, hesitating to choose the bright road, remember that when years are passed and your feet stumble on the dark mountains, you will cry bitterly, but in vain: “O youth, return! Oh give me back my early days!”可知，后悔是没有用的，故选B。 At the age of 14, James Harrison had a major chest operatio