Unit2 Lesson3讲义（教师版+学生版）-（2022）新北师大版高中英语必修第一册.rar

1、1Unit2 Lesson3 1relieve vt减轻；缓解relief n减轻；缓解2strengthen vt&vi(使)强健strength n长处，优势，力量 strong adj强壮的 3particular n尤其，特别；adj. 特定的 particularly adv. 尤其；特别4benefit n好处，益处 vt. 有益于；得益beneficial adj. 有用的，有益的5equipment n配备，设备equip vt装配，配置equipped adj装配好的6prevent vt预防；阻止，阻挡 prevention n预防；防止；防范7 achievable ad

2、j. 可完成的；做得成的 achieve v实现；完成；成功8satisfaction n满意，满足satisfy v使满意satisfying adj令人满意(或满足)的satisfied adj满意的重点单词与短语精析重点单词与短语精析课标词课标词 高频词高频词1. strengthen vi. &vt. 加强，增强，巩固【用法归纳用法归纳】Our friendship has steadily strengthened over the years. 我们的友谊逐年加深了。The wind strengthened during the night.夜里风力更大了。【构词法】后缀-en

3、常用于构成动词，表示“使”，类似的动词还有：brighten (使)更明亮fatten (使)长胖harden (使)变硬sharpen 使尖锐sweeten 使变甜darken (使)变暗soften (使)变软widen (使)变宽【拓展】相关词语积累：strength n.U,sing.力气，体力；C优势build up ones strength 增强某人的力量strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势，长处和短处2【练习】语法填空(2018全国卷语法填空节选)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do e

4、xercises to strengthen (strength) your leg muscles, avoid hills and get good running shoes.Knowing your strengths (strength) and weaknesses will help you achieve your dreams.The same boiling water will soften (soft) the potato and harden (hard) the egg.高频短语2. cheer up【用法归纳用法归纳】cheer up 意为“(使)高兴起来，(使

5、)振作起来”，可用作及物动词短语，也可用作不及物动词短语。具体用法如下：(1) cheer sb. up/ cheer up sb.使某人振作起来，使某人高兴起来使某人振作起来，使某人高兴起来When Im feeling sad, my mother often tells me funny stories to cheer me up.当我感到难过时，我的母亲经常给我讲有趣的故事使我高兴起来。(2) cheer up (单独使用单独使用)高兴起来，振作起来高兴起来，振作起来I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in

6、 our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.我立刻高兴起来，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。Cheer up! The news isnt too bad. 打起精神来!这个消息还不算太坏。【拓展】相关词语积累：(1) cheer vi. &vt. 欢呼，喝彩；vt. 鼓舞 n.C欢呼声，喝彩声cheer sb. on (赛跑、比赛等中)为某人加油(2) cheerful adj.快乐的，高兴的；令人愉快的【练习】1.语法填空He was

7、 feeling a bit low, so I did my best to cheer him up .“Ill do everything I can to help you，”she said with a cheerful (cheer) grin(露齿的笑).The game is about to start. I will go to cheer our team on .32. 结合 cheer 的用法完成句子亲爱的，振作起来吧!事情不会像你想的那么糟糕。你会有机会的!Cheer up ，dear! Things wont be as bad as you think. Th

8、ere will be chances for you!3. be fed up with【用法归纳用法归纳】be fed up with 意为“受够了；厌烦；饱受”，with 后接宾语。He has eaten so many eggs since his childhood that he is fed up with them now. 他从小吃了太多鸡蛋以至于现在厌烦它们了。【拓展】“厌烦”的其他表达法：be/ get bored with be/ get tired of be/ get sick ofShe had begun to be a little bored with n

9、ovel writing.她开始对写小说有些厌倦了。I am sick of being treated as a child since I have been over 18. 我已经厌倦被当作小孩子了，因为我已经超过 18 岁了。【练习】语法填空The film was so boring that soon all the audience in the cinema gradually got bored with it and went out one by one.“Lost time will never be found again!” I couldnt help talk

10、ing to myself because I was fed up with being lazy.They dont want to live in the city any more, because they are sick of the noise, the dirt and the crowded streets, trains and buses of the city.4. equipment n.U设备，器材；装备【用法归纳用法归纳】 a piece of equipment 一件设备The store sells tents and other camping equip

11、ment.这家商店出售帐篷和其他的野营装备。We need a useful piece of equipment for the kitchen. 我们需要一件有用的厨房设备。After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment was damaged.实验室发生火灾后，许多设备都被毁坏了。【拓展】相关词语积累：4equip (equipped, equipped)vt. 装备，配备；使有所准备，使有能力equip sb. /sth. with sth. 用某物装备某人/某物be equipped with装备有，配备有be equipp

12、ed for. 对有准备They equipped themselves with the best tools and set off for the forest.他们装备上最好的工具便出发去森林了。She was fully equipped for the climb.她装备齐全，准备登山。【练习】1.语法填空(2020北京东城区期末) The new set of equipment (equip) is expected to speed up the production process.2.结合 equip 的用法完成句子所有乘客都配备反光背心和安全灯。All passenge

13、rs are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.他们为这项新任务做好了充分的准备。They are fully equipped for the new task.5. benefit【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)n. U,C益处，优势益处，优势for the benefit of sb.(= for sbs benefit)为了某人的利益，为帮助某人be of (great) benefit to. 对(很)有益to sbs benefit 对某人有利Im a great believer in the benefits of th

14、is form of therapy.我对这种疗法的益处深信不疑。All donations are used for the benefit of disabled children.所有的捐款都用于帮助残疾儿童。This measure is of great benefit to the improvement of the environment. 此项措施对改善环境大有裨益。5If we take these measures, Im sure it is greatly to our benefit.如果我们采取这些措施，我肯定这对我们大有裨益。(2)vt. 对对(某人某人)有用，

15、使受益；有用，使受益；vi.得益于，得利于得益于，得利于benefit by/from. 得益于The book benefits John, and John benefits from the book.这本书对约翰有益，约翰从这本书中受益。Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but for Thomas Edison. 如果没有托马斯爱迪生，现在我们从中受益的很多东西都不会存在。(江苏高考)【拓展】相关词语积累：beneficial adj. 有裨益的，有利的，有用的be beneficial to. 对有

16、益Vitamins are beneficial to our health. 维生素对我们的健康有益。【练习】1.语法填空(2020黑龙江大庆实验中学段考)Building a new railway is beneficial (benefit) to the development of the local place in the long run.(2020上海市进才中学期末)When you benefit from/by making the most of your time, you will pay more attention to time management.(20

17、20河北石家庄精英中学调研) My mother has a balanced diet, which is of great benefit to her health.2.一句多译(2020山东泰安一中期中)这场雨对庄稼(crop)大有好处。The rain benefit the crops greatly.The rain is of great benefit to the crops.The rain is highly beneficial to the crops.6. in particular【用法归纳用法归纳】6(1)尤其，特别。相当于尤其，特别。相当于 especial

18、ly, particularlyI noticed his eyes in particular, because they are very big.我特别注意到了他的眼睛，因为它们很大。It was a good concert and I enjoyed the last song in particular. 这是一场不错的音乐会，我尤其喜欢最后的那首歌。(2)特殊的，专门的，具体的特殊的，专门的，具体的Is there anything in particular youd like for dinner? 晚饭你有什么具体想吃的吗?【拓展】相关词语积累：(1) particular

19、 adj.特别的；讲究，挑剔特别的；讲究，挑剔be particular about/over对挑剔/讲究The designer is very particular about the colours he uses.这位设计师对于他使用的颜色是非常挑剔的。(2) particularly adv.特别，尤其特别，尤其(相当于相当于 in particular，但两者在句中的位置不同，但两者在句中的位置不同)I like all the four seasons, particularly spring. I like all the four seasons, spring in par

20、ticular.四个季节我都喜欢，尤其喜欢春季。语境串记Betty is very particular about food. However, she likes the food cooked by her grandma in particular because her grandma is particularly good at cooking. 贝蒂对食物很挑剔。然而，她特别喜欢(吃)她奶奶做的饭，因为她的奶奶特别擅长做饭。【练习】1.语法填空For those who love travel, particularly (particular) rail travel, Ch

21、ina is a cant-miss place.I am interested in novels in general, detective novels in particular.She is very particular about/over what she eats, otherwise she would not be so thin.2.单句写作如果你介绍一下你的学校，尤其是课外活动，我将不胜感激。( appreciate，particular)I would appreciate it if you introduce your school, after-class a

22、ctivities in particular.77. prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡【用法归纳用法归纳】prevent. (from) doing sth.阻止做某事Further treatment will prevent cancer from developing. 进一步治疗将预防癌症恶化。His foot injury may prevent him from playing in tomorrows game.他的脚伤可能让他明天不能进行比赛。【拓展】(1)与“prevent.(from) doing sth.”意义相近的短语还有：stop. (from) doing

23、sth.keep. from doing sth.(2) prevention n.预防，防范Prevention is better than cure. 预防胜于补救。【注意】以上短语用于主动语态时，prevent. from doing sth.与 stop. from doing sth.中的 from 可省略，keep. from doing sth.中的 from 不能省略；用于被动语态时，这三个短语中的 from 都不能省略。We are prevented/ stopped/ kept by the frightening sandstorm from going to sch

24、ool. 可怕的沙尘暴使我们无法去上学。【练习】1.语法填空(2020吉林长春市第二中学月考) The WHO urged that measures should be taken to prevent COVID-19 spreading (spread).Social attention should be paid to preventing our earth from pollution/being polluted (pollute).2.完成句子谁也不能阻止这个计划的实施。(carry out)No one can prevent/ stop the plan (from) b

25、eing carried out 或 keep the plan from being carried out.8. relief【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)n. U(焦虑痛苦等的焦虑痛苦等的)减轻，缓和，消除减轻，缓和，消除8relief from/of. 的减轻/消除Those who suffer from headaches will find they get relief from pain with this medicine.那些患有头痛的人会发现这种药物会减轻疼痛。Listening to music is a good way to help us get some reli

26、ef from study pressure. 听音乐是帮助我们缓解学习压力的一种好方法。(2)n. U, sing. (不快过后的)宽慰，轻松，解脱in/ with relief 如释重负，松了口气to ones relief 使某人欣慰的是；令某人轻松的是It is a relief to. 是让人欣慰/轻松的事。When he knew he had passed the examination, he smiled in relief. 当他知道他通过了那场考试时，他如释重负地笑了。Much to our relief/ To our great relief, the childre

27、n all arrived home safely.使我们非常欣慰的是，孩子们都安全到家了。It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it. 能和别人谈谈这件事，(我)感到舒心多了。【拓展】相关词语积累：relive vt. 减轻，缓和relieve ones pain/pressure 减轻某人的痛苦/压力relieve sb. of sth. 帮助某人减轻(负担)relieve sb. of their post/duties/command 解除某人的职务/职责/指挥权This cream should help to rel

28、ieve the pain. 这种药膏应有助于止痛。【练习】语法填空The drug cannot cure your disease at all. It can only provide temporary relief of/from pain.Hearing the news, Della burst into laughter in/with relief. To our relief, most children have access to good education.99. amount【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)n.C,U数量，数额；金额数量，数额；金额a large/gre

29、at/good/ small amount of + 不可数名词大量的/少量的(作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式)large/ small amounts of + 不可数名词大量的/少量的(作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式)the amount of + 不可数名词的总数(作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式)A large amount of money was spent on the project.(= Large amounts of money were spent on the project.)这项工程花费了大量金钱。The amount of money invested in healt

30、h care is increasing. 投入医疗保健方面的资金正在增加。(2)vi.总计，共计总计，共计amount to 共计，总His monthly earnings amount to about 3,000 dollars.他的月收入总计约为 3000 美元。【拓展】“许多，大量”的其他表达法：a good great many(1) a large/great number of +可数名词复数(作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式)quite a few(2) many a(n)+可数名词单数(作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式)(3) a great/ good deal of+不可数名

31、词(作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式)(4) a lot of/ lots of /plenty of +可数名词复数/不可数名词 (作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式根据 of 后的名词来确定)(5)a large quantity of+可数名词复数/不可数名词 (作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式根据 of 后的名词来确定)large quantities of+可数名词复数/不可数名词 (作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式)【练习】语法填空Large amounts of my pocket money were (be)spent buying new books last year.A great

32、amount of homework has (have)to be done every day, so large quantities of students time are (be) occupied.10A great many college students were (be) sent to help the children there last month.A great number of children whose parents had died in the earthquake were (be) sent to live with families in o

33、ther cities yesterday.10. satisfaction n.U,C 满意，满足，令人满意(或欣慰)的事【用法归纳用法归纳】to ones satisfaction= to the satisfaction of sb. 令某人满意的是with satisfaction 满意地To her satisfaction, her daughter made great progress.令她满意的是，她的女儿取得了很大的进步。Much to my satisfaction, my boss agreed to my suggestion.令我非常满意的是，我的老板同意了我的建议

34、。They watched our performance with satisfaction.他们满意地观看了我们的演出。Playing tennis is one of his greatest satisfactions. 打网球是他最大的乐事之一。【拓展】相关词语积累：satisfy vt使满意satisfaction n满意，满足，令人满意的事satisfying adj令人满意(或满足)的satisfied adj满意的，满足的be satisfied with 对感到满意语境串记The result of the experiment was very satisfying. N

35、ot only did we feel satisfied with it, but our teacher looked at us with satisfaction. 实验结果让人很满意。不仅我们对其很满意，而且我们的老师也满意地看着我们。【练习】1.用 satisfy 的适当形式填空 As far as he is concerned, having disability doesnt mean his life is not satisfying/ satisfactory .Much to the customers satisfaction , the company is tr

36、ying to satisfy their needs/*Hearing the good news, he had a satisfied look on his face.2.语法填空 To the satisfaction of the manager, there are so many people who are satisfied with their products.Although it had been a struggle for him to finish the experiment, he enjoyed the result with satisfaction.

37、11重点句型分析重点句型分析1. My friend suggested I should try long-distance running. 我朋友建议我试试长跑。【用法归纳用法归纳】suggest 后接宾语从句的用法后接宾语从句的用法(1) suggest 表示“建议”时，其后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”，其中 should 可以省略。Experts suggest that teenagers (should) spend at least 30 minutes exercising, five times a week.专家建议，青少年每周应该锻

38、炼 5 次，每次至少 30 分钟。(2) suggest 表示“暗示，表明”时，其后所接的宾语从句用陈述语气。Her expression suggested that she had told a lie.她的表情表明她撒了个谎。【练习】语法填空(全国卷短文改错改编)Some classmates suggest we (should) go (go) to places of interest nearby. I think that it is a good idea.Medical research has suggested that laughing is (be) a good

39、way to reduce stress and help people feel good.2. As people often say, any exercise is better than none, but long-distance running in particular has a lot of benefits.常言道，任何运动总比没有好，不过长跑尤其有许多好处。【句式剖析】“As people often say”为 As 引导的非限制性定语从句，其中 As 代替后面的整个主句，表示“正如”。【考点提炼考点提炼】as 引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句 (1)a

40、s 用作关系代词时，可以引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代整个主句的内容，意为“正如”，as 在从句中作主语或宾语，其从句的位置比较灵活，一般用逗号与主句隔开。As Victor Hugo once said,“Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face.”正如维克多雨果曾说的：“笑声如阳光，驱走人们脸上的寒冷冬意。”(As 在从句中作宾语，指代的是“Laughter is. the human face”)As is known to all, the famous American writer, Mark Twain,

41、 wrote many humorous stores.众所周知，著名的美国作家马克吐温写了很多幽默的故事。(As 在从句中作主语，指代的是“the famous American writerstories”)12(2)as 引导非限制性定语从句时常用于以下搭配as is known to all(= as we all know)众所周知 as you can see 如你所见as everybody knows 正如每个人所了解的那样 as is reported 如报道所说as is mentioned above 正如以上所提到的As we all know, Lu Xun is a

42、 great Chinese writer.众所周知，鲁迅是一位伟大的中国作家。【练习】完成句子1.众所周知，在家吃饭比在餐馆吃饭健康得多，花销也更低。As we all know/As is known to all , eating at home is much healthier and less costly than eating in a restaurant.2.(2020天津耀华中学期中)正如以上所提到的，高中生的数量在增加。 As is mentioned above , the number of senior high school students is increa

43、sing.3.正如你所看到的，孩子们很受激励，也满怀热情地去阅读所有这些书。 As you can see , the children are really encouraged, and they are also enthusiastic about reading all of these books.3. Its never too late to start getting into running and exercisingafter all, as the saying goes,“everything is possible!”开始跑步和锻炼永远不会晚毕竟，正如俗话所说，“

44、一切皆有可能!”【句式剖析】Its never too late. exercising 为“too.to.”结构，且此处“too.to.”结构前有表示否定意义的词 never，表达肯定意义。【考点提炼考点提炼】“too.to.”结构表示肯定意义的情况结构表示肯定意义的情况“too.to.”结构在多数情况下表示否定意义，意为“太太而不能而不能”。但在下列情况中表示肯定意义：(1)too 前面有 not, never 等表示否定意义的词时。Its never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。(2)too 后跟 ready, eager, willing, pleased, gl

45、ad 等表示积极的心情、心理活动、心理状态的形容词时。He is too eager to know the result of the examination.他非常渴望知道考试结果。I am too glad to go to the movies with you.我很高兴跟你一起去看电影。13【练习】单句写作(“too.to.”结构)这个箱子太重了，我搬不动。The box is too heavy for me to carry. 我非常乐意帮助你学英语。I am too pleased to help you with your English. 你过马路时越小心越好。You ca

46、nt be too careful to cross the street. 基础练知识巩固建议时间：基础练知识巩固建议时间：20 分钟分钟一、单词拼写一、单词拼写(用本部分所学单词用本部分所学单词)1. Mrs Jones agreed to operate on her right knee to relieve the pain.2.(2020江苏东台期末) a study found that a short burst of exercise in the fresh air could bring benefits to mental health too.3. By the ti

47、me we climbed to the top of the hill, we had been covered in sweat .4. Theyd chosen a(n) awkward (令人尴尬的) time to call as Id just got into the bath.5. What a particular/specific (特定的) people like to eat can tell us a lot about their countrys geography, history and traditions.6. Difficulties strengthe

48、n (使强健) the mind, as labour does the body.7. He asked various technical questions, which I answered to his satisfaction (满意).8. He struggled to swim against the flow (流动) of the water.9. In my opinion, our government should take timely and effective measures to prevent (阻止) further pollution of this

49、 river.10. I remember being paid for the job, but I forget the extra amount (数额).11. There are also more health risks for left-handed workers use dangerous equipment (设备) or tools designed for right-handed.12. The engineer is thought to be capable (能力强的)and modest, so his promotion to manager is wid

50、ely accepted.13. All of those who received the treatment experienced pain relief (缓解)14. Learning a language isnt easy. It takes time, and there is no shortcut (捷径).15. You can succeed if you set a(n) achievable (可完成的) target and stick to it.14二、语法填空二、语法填空。在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. Going for a w