1、Period 3 Grammar导学案 1.了解五种不同的句型2.通过观察、比较、举例等方式,发现词汇之间的关联性和共性,并从中加深对构词法的理解。3.通过学习构词法,了解英语词汇的一些来源,从而进一步加深对英语的理解,进一步培养起对英4.树立正确的英语学习观念:重视单词,重视积累;5.能够综合运用不同的构词法帮助自己识记单词,提高记单词的效率。 1. 重点 认识四种不同的构词法,理解其操作方式和特点2. 难点(1) 识别构词法;(2) 利用构词法帮助自己记忆单词。 【Self-directed study】I.句子成分1.主语是句子叙述的主体,可由名词、代词、主语从句等来承担。2.谓语说明主
2、语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态,谓语由简单动词或者动词短语(助动词或情态动词+主要动词)构成。3.宾语是动作的对象或者承受者,常位于及物动词或介词后面。4.表语的功能是表述主语的特征、状态、身份等,位于系动词之后。5.定语是用于说明名词的品质与特征的词或一组词,可作定语的有:形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、从句等。6.状语是修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分。II.基本句型一: 主+系+表(Subject+ Link Verb +Predicate)本结构主要用以说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。常见的系动词有:be( am , is, are, was, were), seem, f
3、eel,look,appear,smell,taste,sound;remain,stay,keep;get,become,turn,grow.注:be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用, 其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。1. This /is /an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。2. The dinner /smells /good. 午餐闻起来很不错。3. Autumn comes. It/is getting/ colder and colder. 秋天到了,天气越来越凉了。基本句型二: 主+谓(不及物动词)(Subject + Intra
4、nsitive Verb)不及物动词不可以直接接宾语,但可跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等,常见动词如:work, sing, swim, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。1. The pen /writes smoothly. 这支笔书写流利。2. They /talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。基本句型三: 主+谓(及物)+宾(Subject+ Verb+ Object)及物动词其后必须跟宾语,才能使意思完整。1. Who /knows /the answer? 谁知道答案? 2. He /adm
5、its/that he was mistaken. 他承认犯了错误。基本句型四: 主+谓(及物)+双宾(间宾+直宾)(Subject+ Verb+ Indirect Object+ Direct Object)引导这类双宾语的常见动词:buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等1. He /bought /you(间宾) /a dictionary(直宾).他给你买了一本字典。2. He /showed/me(间宾) /how to run the machine(直宾). 他教我开机器。基本句型五: 主+谓(及物)+复合宾语(
6、宾+宾补)(Subject+ Verb+ Object+ Complement) 这种句型中的“宾语 补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等;或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。1.You/should keep/the room/clean and tidy. (形容词)你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。2. We/made/him/our monitor.(名词)我们选他当班长。3. His father/told/him/not to play in the street.(不定式)他父亲告诉他
7、不要在街上玩。特殊句式: there be 句型此句型用以表达存在关系可以称为“有”。(there is going to be; there seems to be; there will be; there has been)1. There is/a hole in the wall. 墙上有个洞。2. There is/going to be a meeting tomorrow. 明天有个会议。III .Practice翻译并且分析下列句子的成分:(不同成分的符号标识:主语=, 谓语_, 宾语,表语 , 定语(),状语【 】,宾补)(1) This is a map of China
8、. (2) He helped me although he didnt know me. (3) The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. (4) They made him monitor in our class. (5) They gave the boy some toys. II.分析下列句子属于基本句型的哪一种。1. Our school is not far from my home.2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you.3. All of us considered him honest.4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes.5. He broke a piece of glass.6. He made it clear that he would leave the city.7. I love you more than her, child.8. Trees turn green when spring comes.9. They pushed the door open.10. Grandma told me an interesting story last night.
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