高中英语-虚拟语气精讲(超全整理篇)课件.ppt

1、A1The Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气A2 英语动词有 种语气 陈述语气 祈使语气 虚拟语气用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不太可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。三A3虚拟语气的应用虚拟语气的应用A. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用应用B. 虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用C. 虚拟语气在某些句型中的应用虚拟语气在某些句型中的应用A4A. 虚拟语气在条虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的件状语从句中的应用应用A5 条件句中虚拟语气的考点 1、基本用法；2、 混合条件句；3、虚拟条件句的省略和倒装4、含蓄条件句;A6主从句的

2、谓语形式时间If 从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去将来did / werehad donewould/could/should/might +V.(原)would/could/should/might+have+done.1. did / were2. should do3. were to dowould/could/should/might + V.(原)A7与现在事实相反：与现在事实相反：虚拟条件句虚拟条件句主句主句didbe-wereshould/would/could/might + doA8与事实相反！与事实相反！1) If he has time,he will go sho

3、pping tonight.2) If I had time,I would visit you.A9与过去事实相反与过去事实相反虚拟条件句虚拟条件句主句主句had doneshould/would/might/could +have +doneA10A11If you your father advice,had takenYou in the traffic jam now.wouldnt have trappedA12与将来事实相反与将来事实相反虚拟条件句虚拟条件句主句主句did/ wereshould dowere to doshould/would/could/ might +doA

4、13表示表示与将来事实与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或词一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形，而动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用主句中的谓语动词则用would / should/could might + 动词原形。动词原形。 A14明天要是周日的话，我们就不参加考明天要是周日的话，我们就不参加考试了。试了。If it should fail, I would try again.要是失败了，我会再试一次。要是失败了，我会再试一次。If it were Sunday tomorrow, we wouldnt have an e

5、xam.A15主从句的谓语形式时间If 从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去将来did / werehad donewould/could/should/might +V.(原)would/could/should/might+have+done.1. did / were2. should do3. were to dowould/could/should/might + V.(原)A16If虚拟句的省略和倒装A17如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以省略if倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他Were I you, Had he been th

6、ere yesterday, Should it snow tomorrow, If I were you, I would try it again.If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.如果我是你，我会再试一次。如果他昨天在那儿的话，他就会看那部电影了。 如果明天下雪，我们就不出去了。A18 4.If it _ _ (rain) tomorrow, we _(not go out). 5._(be) I in good

7、 health, I _ (go) with you tomorrow. rained/ should rain/ were to rainwould not go outWerewould/should goA19A20有时 假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是隐含在某些词或短语中，如，otherwise, without, but for等，或者从上下文中表示出来，这种情况叫含蓄条件句，主句要用虚拟语气。A21Eg. Without /But for your help, we would not have made such rapid progress.1.I was ill tha

8、t day. 0therwise, I _ (take ) part in the sports meet.2.I _ (give) you more help, but I was too busy.3.A man who stopped drinking _ (be) dead in seven days.4.But for water, it _ (be) impossible to live in the desert.would have takenmight have given would be would be A22This same thing, happening in

9、wartime, would lead to a disaster. (条件暗含在分词短语happening in wartime中) He studied hard at high school, or he couldnt have entered Beijing University. (暗含条件是连词or) Alone, he would have been terrified. (暗含条件是alone) A231. 条件暗含在短语中。如： What would I have done without you? (条件暗含在分词短语without you中) It would be e

10、asier to do it this way. (条件暗含在不定式短语to do it this way 中) But for your help we couldnt have succeeded in the experiment. (暗含条件是but for your help)A24B. 虚拟语气在某虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用些从句中的应用虚拟语气的常考形式：虚拟语气的常考形式：1. 名词性从句名词性从句2. 固定句式固定句式3. 可用可不用虚拟语气的情况可用可不用虚拟语气的情况A26一坚持一坚持 二命令二命令 四建议四建议 五要求五要求 一一 .名词性从句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的

11、虚拟语气A27 insistorder / commandsuggest / advise / propose / recommenddesire / demand / request / require / ask 名词性从句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的虚拟语气should do! should do! should do! 1“坚持坚持” insist2“命令命令” order, command3“建议建议” advise, suggest, propose, recommend4“要求要求” ask, demand, require, request, desire + (that) sb

12、 (should) do .或是或是 (that) sb / sth (should) be done 宾语从句宾语从句A29我们建议我们建议Tom 去休息一下。去休息一下。他坚持要我与他同行。他坚持要我与他同行。他们要求派他们要求派Tom去那儿工作。去那儿工作。老师要求作业要及时完成。老师要求作业要及时完成。We suggested _ .(that) Tom have a restHe insisted _ .(that) I (should ) go with himThey requested (that) Tom _ .(should) be sent to work thereTh

13、e teacher asked (that) our homework _ .(should) be finished in timeA30It is It is ordered / commanded / ordered / commanded / suggested / advised / suggested / advised / requested / required / requested / required / demanded demanded thatthat (should) (should) dodo It is suggested It is suggested th

14、atthat we (should) we (should) practise reading English everyday.practise reading English everyday. (一). 主语从句主语从句that不可省略不可省略这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用should doA31 The / Ones The / Ones insistence / order / insistence / order / command / suggestion / advice / command / suggestion / advice / prop

15、osal / recommendation / request proposal / recommendation / request / requirement / demand / desire / requirement / demand / desire is / is / was was thatthat (should) do(should) do (二).表语从句表语从句The suggestion given by our teacher is that we (should) practise reading English everyday.that不可省略不可省略A32a

16、 / the suggestion / request a / the suggestion / request ( (等等) ) thatthat (should) do (should) do She made a request that the doctor(should)be sent for at once. The teacher gives us a suggestion that we (should) practise reading English everyday. (三）.同位语从句同位语从句that不可省略不可省略A33 Its suggested that the

17、 plan (should) be carried out at once . The old womans demand is that her son (should) come to see her once a week. We are in favor of the advice that the factory (should) be closed down.主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句A34He insisted that he was not a thief and that he be set free.Her pale face suggested

18、she was ill.注意：若注意：若insist表示表示“坚持说坚持说”，suggest 表示表示“表明了，暗示了表明了，暗示了”，后，后面是宾语从句用陈述语气面是宾语从句用陈述语气他命令用专机送药品。他命令用专机送药品。A35A36If it werent for 要不是要不是 (固定句式固定句式)与与现在现在事实相反事实相反If it hadnt been for与与过去过去事实相反事实相反 二二. 虚拟语气特殊句型与固定句式虚拟语气特殊句型与固定句式A37 If it were not for If it were not for lacking money, I lacking m

19、oney, I would would go travelling right now. go travelling right now.= = Were it not for Were it not for lacking money, lacking money, If it had not been for If it had not been for your help, we your help, we couldnt have finished the work couldnt have finished the work yesterday. yesterday. = = Had

20、 it not been for Had it not been for your help , your help , but for but forA38（二）（二）If only ! 要是要是就好了就好了If only I were a bird!If only we had followed your advice!If only she would go with me!与与 wish 的宾语从句相似的宾语从句相似only if只要只要就，只有就，只有才才引导的从句位于句首，引导的从句位于句首，主句倒装！倒装！主句倒装！倒装！Only if a teacher has given p

21、ermission is a student allowed to enter the room.A39（三）犹如，好像，仿佛（三）犹如，好像，仿佛as if / as though 假设情况非事实时，用虚拟语气。假设情况非事实时，用虚拟语气。 若从句表示内容为事实或很可能是事实，用陈述语气：若从句表示内容为事实或很可能是事实，用陈述语气： It looks as if we will be late.试比较：试比较：He walks as if he is drunk. He walks as if he were drunk.他真的醉了。他真的醉了。他没有醉。他没有醉。It looks a

22、s if it is going to rain.It looks as if it were going to rain.快要下雨了。快要下雨了。不会下雨。不会下雨。A40As if /as though在虚拟语气中的用法在虚拟语气中的用法as if / as thoughsb did （were） sb had done sb would /could do 现在现在过去过去将来将来与与 wish 的宾语从句相似的宾语从句相似shouldA41（四）（四） 宁愿，但愿宁愿，但愿 would rather 宁愿，但愿宁愿，但愿 sb did 与现在或将来与现在或将来情况相反情况相反sb ha

23、d done 与过去情况相反与过去情况相反I would rather you returned me my money now. I would rather we hadnt told her the bad news.I would rather you came tomorrow.A42 sb did sb should do注意注意: should不能省略不能省略 (五五) It is (high / about ) time (that) “是时候是时候. (做某事做某事)”现在现在将来将来A43 Its necessary / strange / natural (自然的自然的,

24、 理应理应如此的如此的) / important + that sb (should) do（六）（六）. 在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义的固定句式中常使用虚拟语气等意义的固定句式中常使用虚拟语气A441). It is important that we _ ( master 精通精通 ) a foreign language.2). 真奇怪，她竟然拒绝来参加真奇怪，她竟然拒绝来参加party。 Its _ that she _ to come to the party.3). 鸟在树上安歇鸟在树上安歇 / 休息是很自然的。休息是很自然的。 It is

25、 _ that a bird _ in trees. ( should ) master(should) refusestrangenatural(should) rest三三. . 可用可不用虚拟语气的情况可用可不用虚拟语气的情况1. if1. if2. insist, suggest2. insist, suggest3. 3. as if/thoughas if/thoughA46insist / suggest 各有两种意思，用不同的语气各有两种意思，用不同的语气A47insist : “坚决坚决/持要求做某事持要求做某事”用虚拟语气用虚拟语气 should do;insist : “

26、坚持认为坚持认为, 坚持说坚持说”用陈述语气用陈述语气The man in prison insisted that he _(do)nothing and _( be) set free.The patient insisted that he _(not be)ill and _ (not be) sent to the hospital.He insisted that I had read his letter.He insisted that I should read his letter.他坚持说我看过他的信。他坚持要我看他的信。had doneshould bewasntsho

27、uldnt beA48 suggest : “suggest : “建议建议”用虚拟语气，用虚拟语气，即即should do;should do; suggest : “suggest : “表明、暗示表明、暗示”用陈述语气用陈述语气He suggests we should go at once. Her expression suggested she was very angry. 他提议我们马上出发.她脸上的表情显示她生气了. 1. The teacher suggested that we _ (practise) more after class. 2. Her pale face

28、 suggests that she _ (be) ill today. (should) practiseisA49 When a pencil is partly in a glass of When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, itwater, it looks as if it were looks as if it were broken. broken. The dark clouds are gathering. It looks The dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if it

29、as if it is going tois going to rain. rain. as if / as thoughA506. It is strange that he _ (make) such a mistake. Thats unexpected.7. It was required that each student _ (bring) enough food on the trip.8. My demand is that you _ (get )up at six.9. He speaks as if he _(be) an Englishman.10. They talk

30、ed as if they _ (be) good friends for years. should make bring (should) get were had beenA51Exercise A52 I advised that you _ the job as soon as possible . A finished B finishing C to finish D finish 2 The workers in the factory demanded that their pay _ be raised. A should B would C must D couldA53

31、3. My father did not go to New 3. My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested York; the doctor suggested that he _ there.that he _ there. A. not went A. not went B. wont go B. wont go C. not go C. not go D. not to go D. not to goA544.The teacher demanded that the exam _ before eleven. A.

32、must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finishedA555. Janes pale face suggested that she _ ill . A be B was C should be D is6.He insisted he _right. A. were B. was C. be D. isA56 7. He insisted that all of us _ 7. He insisted that all of us _ (get) there on time by any means. (get

33、) there on time by any means. 8. He insisted that he _ (not 8. He insisted that he _ (not steal) the dimond, and that he should be steal) the dimond, and that he should be set free. set free. (should) gethadnt stolenA57考题点击考题点击 His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C

34、. must try D. can tryA582. She made the demand that the journalists _at once for Iraq. A. leave B. leaving C. left D. to be leftA593.We are in favor of your 3.We are in favor of your proposalproposal that the meeting that the meeting _._. A. should put off A. should put off B. was put off B. was put

35、 off C. be put off C. be put off D. is to put off D. is to put offA604. It is high time the child _ to the hospital. A. is sent B. would be sent C. must be sent D. were sentA615. If only I _ driving before. A. had learned B. learned C. learn D. would learn A626. I wish I _a bird. A is B were C will

36、be D are7. How I wish that I _ the moon sometime in the future . A had visited B would visit C visited D will visit 8. Id rather you _ me the news. A. not tell B. not to tell C. didnt tell D. hadnt toldA64E.ExercisesExercisesA658.（安徽卷）（安徽卷）It is lucky we booked a room, or we _nowhere to stay now.A.

37、had B. had hadC. would haveD. would have hadA669.（江苏卷）（江苏卷） It might have saved me much trouble_ the schedule.A. did I know B. have I known C. do I know D. had I known10.(重庆卷重庆卷)Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway_ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.A.Didnt write B. hadnt written C. wouldnt

38、write D. wouldnt have writtenA6713. If we _ a table earlier, we couldnt be standing here in a queue. have booked B. booked C. book D. had booked14. -Do you think George has passed the driving test? -No. If so, he _ his car to our college yesterday. would drive B. drove C. would have driven D. had dr

39、iven【答案答案】D【解析解析】考查虚拟语气。根据句意：如果我们早点订桌的话，考查虚拟语气。根据句意：如果我们早点订桌的话，我们就不可能在这里站着排队了。可知我们就不可能在这里站着排队了。可知if从句是对过去的虚拟，从句是对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时态。用过去完成时态。【答案答案】C【解析解析】考查虚拟语气。根据句意，如果这样的话（乔治已考查虚拟语气。根据句意，如果这样的话（乔治已经通过驾照考试），他昨天就驾车来我们大学了，可知是对过经通过驾照考试），他昨天就驾车来我们大学了，可知是对过去的虚拟。去的虚拟。If so= If he had passed the driving test，主句使

40、用，主句使用情态动词情态动词+ have done。故答案选。故答案选C。A6815. I should not have laughed if I _ you were serious. thought B. would think C. had thought D. have thought16. My mom suggests that we _ eat out for a change this weekend. A. should B. might C. could D. would【答案答案】C【解析解析】考查虚拟语气。此处为考查虚拟语气。此处为if虚拟条件句，其主句虚拟条件句，其

41、主句使用的是使用的是should have done，可知是对过去的虚拟，可知是对过去的虚拟，故从句用过去完成时态表示对过去的虚拟。故从句用过去完成时态表示对过去的虚拟。【答案答案】A【解析解析】考查虚拟语气。题干关键词为考查虚拟语气。题干关键词为suggest，表示，表示建议，其后所接的名词性从句应用建议，其后所接的名词性从句应用“（should+）动）动词原形词原形”的虚拟语气，故选的虚拟语气，故选A。A6917. If he had spent more time practicing speaking English before, he _ able to speak it much

42、 better now.will be B. would be C. has been D. would have been18. Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam _ at the age of six months old.A. was B. be C. were D. is【答案答案】B【解析解析】考查虚拟语气。此题为考查虚拟语气。此题为if虚拟条件句，从句虚拟条件句，从句时间为时间为before，故是对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时态，故是对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时态，主句时间为主句时间为now，故是对现在的虚拟，因此用情态

43、动，故是对现在的虚拟，因此用情态动词过去式后接动词原形，答案为词过去式后接动词原形，答案为B。【答案答案】B【解析解析】考查虚拟语气。题干关键词为考查虚拟语气。题干关键词为recommend，表示表示“推荐，建议推荐，建议”，后接宾语从句时应用（，后接宾语从句时应用（should+）动词原形的虚拟语气，此处省去了动词原形的虚拟语气，此处省去了should，故答案为，故答案为B。A7019. - It rained cats and dogs this morning. Im glad we took an umbrella. - Yeah, we would have got wet all

44、over if we _ . hadnt B. havent C. didnt D. dont20. I _ to my cousins birthday party last night, but I was not available A. went B. had gone C. would go D. would have gone【答案答案】A【解析解析】考查虚拟语气。虚拟条件句主句从句均为对考查虚拟语气。虚拟条件句主句从句均为对过去的虚拟，过去的虚拟，if从句使用过去完成时态，故选从句使用过去完成时态，故选A。【答案答案】D【解析解析】考查虚拟语气。根据句意：昨晚我本想要去参考查虚拟

45、语气。根据句意：昨晚我本想要去参加我表亲的生日聚会，但我没空。选项中能表示对过去虚加我表亲的生日聚会，但我没空。选项中能表示对过去虚拟的只有拟的只有D答案：用情态动词过去式后加答案：用情态动词过去式后加have done表示。表示。A71高考链接高考链接2012 【2012福建】31. We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we _ more places of interest yesterday. A. visited B. had visited C. would visit D. would have visited 【答案】

46、DA72高考链接高考链接2012 【2012陕西】17. If my car _ more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. A. was B. had been C. should be D. would be 【答案】BA73高考链接高考链接2012 【2012山东】30. If we _ adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful. A. havent made B. wouldnt ma

47、ke C. didnt make D. hadnt made 【答案】DA74高考链接高考链接2012 【2012湖南】29. Sorry，I am too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. A. have had B. had had C. have D. had 【答案】DA75高考链接高考链接2012 【2012天津】15. We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold _ us a ride home. A. didnt offer B

48、. wouldnt offer C. hasnt offered D. hadnt offered 【答案】DA76高考链接高考链接2012 【2012辽宁】33. Jack is a great talker. Its high time that he _ something instead of just talking. A. will do B. has done C. do D. did 【答案】DA77高考链接高考链接2012 【2012浙江】19. Had they known what was coming next, they _ second thoughts. A. may have B. could have C. must have had D. might have had 【答案】DA78 1.（2011全国）32. They _ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. A. will B. can C. must D. should高考链接高考链接2011