4高考英语阅读推理判断题PPT课件.ppt

1、阅读理解专题-推理判断题 There are three men on a train. There are three men on a train. Mr A speaks English and Mr A speaks English and Chinese. Chinese. Mr B speaksFrench and Mr B speaksFrench and English. English. Mr C can only talk with Mr A. Mr C can only talk with Mr A. What language does Mr C What langua

2、ge does Mr C speak? speak? Chinese. Chinese. 1. Question forms:1. Question forms: It can be It can be i inferrednferred from the from the text that text that . . From the text we know From the text we know that that is most likelyis most likely . . When When the writer talks aboutthe writer talks ab

3、out , , what the writer really what the writer really meansmeans is is . . The writer The writer suggestssuggests that that . . The story The story implies implies that that . . We can We can infer concludeinfer conclude from from the passage that the passage that . . 这类题干中通常含有这类题干中通常含有infer, infer,

4、 suggest, imply, concludesuggest, imply, conclude等标志等标志性词语。性词语。2.技巧点拨技巧点拨1).全面分析全面分析 2).忠实原文忠实原文3).不要选择表不要选择表层信息层信息Did you ever hear a strange sound Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall? Did it sound coming from the wall? Did it sound like a clock? If so, it may have like a clock?

5、If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called the Thus the beetle is called the deathwatch beetle. deathwatch

6、 beetle. （1 1分钟）分钟） The sound of this beetle _.The sound of this beetle _. pleased people. pleased people. B. surprised people. B. surprised people. C. frightened people. C. frightened people. A.A.D. excited people.D. excited people.3.Practice:(passage1) Several different bison species have lived on

7、 the North American continent since the Ice Age; today only two exist. The wood bison is the larger of the two, and is now found mostly in western Canada. Better known in the United States is the Plains bison, or buffalo. At one time, herds of these animals could be sighed almost everywhere from the

8、 Appalachian Mountains in the East to the Rocky Mountains in the West. The author implies that several types of bison_. A. live outside the United Stated and Canada B. are well adapted to swampy terrain C. existed before the Ice Age D. have been killed or have died outP32.2. It is fun to turn over a

9、 big rock It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach. Make sure you turn on the beach. Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it. If you was in after you moved it. If you dont turn it back over, all the sea dont turn it back ov

10、er, all the sea animals under it or clinging toanimals under it or clinging to（依（依附）附）the underside will die. the underside will die. The passage implies that rocks The passage implies that rocks _._. hurt sea animals hurt sea animals protect sea animals protect sea animalsC. wont be found on beache

11、s C. wont be found on beaches D. cant be found on beachesD. cant be found on beachesOne day a man walked a pet shopOne day a man walked a pet shopand said to the shop assistantand said to the shop assistant，“I Ineed two small mice and about fiveneed two small mice and about fiveDozen roachesDozen ro

12、aches（蟑螂）（蟑螂） and twoand twospidersspiders（蜘蛛）（蜘蛛）.”“What do you need.”“What do you needThese things for?” the shopThese things for?” the shopassistant was very surprised. assistant was very surprised. “Well“Well，”replied the manreplied the man，“ImImmoving out of my apartment andmoving out of my apa

13、rtment andthe landlord insists that I shouldthe landlord insists that I shouldleave the house in exactly the leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”same condition as I found it.”The passage The passage suggestssuggests that that when the writer moved into the when the writer mo

14、ved into the apartment, it was _apartment, it was _. A. very cleanA. very clean B. just cleaned by the landlordB. just cleaned by the landlord C. tidy and comfortableC. tidy and comfortable D. dirty and full of insectsD. dirty and full of insects 5. What can we know from the last paragraph? A. Mary

15、feels pity for herself. B. Mary has recovered from her disease. C. Mary wants to help others as much as possible. DMary determines to go back to the dance floor.Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forcedher to the sidelines of the dance floor，she refuses to fallinto selfpity. “Everybo

16、dy on earth can ask，whyme？about something or other，”she insists. “It doesntdo any good. No one is immune (免疫的免疫的) to heartachepain，and disappointments. Sometimes we can makethings better by helping others. Ive come to realize theimportance of that as Ive grown up this second time. Iwant to speak out

17、 and be as helpful as I can be.”4 What can we infer from the last sentence of the text ?A. Happiness comes from peaceful life in the countryB.Health is more important than moneyC.The harmony between man and nature is important D. Good old days will never be forgottenThen the people realized what was

18、 happening. It was thefrog. They hadnt been useless.They had been doing animportant jobeating insects. Now with so many frogskilled, the insects were increasing more rapidly. They weredamaging the crops and spreading diseases. Now, the peaple are still poor.But in the evenings they sitin the village

19、 square and listen to sounds of insects andfrogs.These sounds of the night now have a much deepermeaning . 5topic sentence作者的态度: objective（客观的） subjective（主观的） neutral （ 中立的中立的）；positive (积极的积极的) negative（消极的）approval（赞成的）disapproval（不赞成的）（不赞成的）Indifferent（不感兴趣的，漠不关心不感兴趣的，漠不关心的的sarcastic （讽刺的讽刺的） cr

20、itical (批批评的评的) optimistic （乐观的）乐观的） pessimistic（悲观的）（悲观的）客观的客观的Impressed 有深刻印象的有深刻印象的 doubtful doubtful 不敢肯定的不敢肯定的 persuasive persuasive 说服人的说服人的Interested Interested 感兴趣的感兴趣的 factual factual 实事求是的实事求是的 questioning questioning 质问的质问的 Approving Approving 赞成的赞成的 suspicious suspicious 怀疑的怀疑的Worried Wo

21、rried 担忧的担忧的 depressed depressed 沮丧的沮丧的 confident confident 自信的自信的hostile hostile 敌对的敌对的 prejudice prejudice 有偏见的有偏见的 unconcerned unconcerned 不关心的，不挂念的不关心的，不挂念的1. Question forms:1. Question forms:The writers attitude toward is_.The writer thought that_.According to the author _.2.技巧点拨技巧点拨注意作者表达注意作者表

22、达感情色彩感情色彩的的形容词、形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子副词、动词及所举的例子，才能推，才能推断出作者的弦外之音。断出作者的弦外之音。注意仔细琢磨作者表达情感和态度的用注意仔细琢磨作者表达情感和态度的用词方式词方式肯定：肯定：certainly, no doubt, certainly, no doubt, surely,surely,不太肯定：不太肯定：possiblypossibly，maybe, it is maybe, it is said that .said that .情感色彩情感色彩：great, terrific(极好的；极好的；极其的，非常的；可怕的，凄惨的；了极其的，

23、非常的；可怕的，凄惨的；了不起不起) , wonderfully, sadly, shame注意作者使用反语注意作者使用反语I found in my babys behavior a metaphor暗喻暗喻 for the new generation. My wife and I had given him some books to examine， but he merely spit upon them. When we read to him， he did not feel comfortable. And so it is in the schools. We find th

24、at our students dont read and look down upon reading and even scold those of us who teach it. All they want to do is watch TV. Therefore, I have reached a conclusion: “Let them watch it!” If television is much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight it? Let them watch all they wa

25、nt! What do you think is the authors attitude towards TV? Curious. B. Worried. C. Unfavorable. D. Favorable.注意作者对事件下的结论注意作者对事件下的结论Why isnt your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder， bribery（行贿），（行贿），and deathFrankly，Im sick of all this bad newsThis authors attitude towards th

26、e newspaper reporting is to _ A.complain B.apologize C.amuse D.inform 注意作者对比的写作方法注意作者对比的写作方法Family researchers offer a variety of reasons for these evolving roles and attitudes. They see the 1960s as a turning point. Great cultural changes led to more open communication and a more democratic process

27、 that encourages everyone to have a say. “My parents were on the before side of that change, but todays parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the after side,” explains Mr. Ballmer. “Its not something easily accomplished by parents these days, because life is more difficult to understand or deal with, b

28、ut sharing interests does make it more fun to be a parent now.”Q: By saying “todays parents, the 40-year-olds, were on the after side.” the author means that todays parents _.A. follow the trend of the changeB. can set a limit to the changeC. fail to take the change seriouslyD. have little difficult

29、y adjusting to the change注意作者对动作注意作者对动作, 场景的描述场景的描述By this time there were quite a few people standing in lines. The word soon spread to other travelers that the computer was down. Some people went white, some people started to cry and still others kicked their luggage.In the paragraph the author su

30、ggests that _.A. a modern computer wont be down.B. computers can take the place of humansC. sometimes a computer may bring suffering to peopleD. there will be great changes in computersThat poor doctor just couldnt get my gloves off. Each time he took a step towards me, I broke into painful shouting

31、. the doctor began to stitch(缝合缝合) my head wound, not only did he merrily（快乐地快乐地） cut off a long lock of my hair, but used no anaesthetic(麻药麻药) either!What did the writer think of the doctor? A.friendly. B. cruel. C. hardworking.D. kind There was a time when some peopleslives were devoted simply to

32、thecultivation of the land or the care ofcattle.No multitasking there; their liveswent on at a much gentler pace, and in afamiliar pattern. There is much that wemight envy about a way of life like this.Yet before we do so, we must think of thehard tasks our ancestors faced;theyfarmed with bare hands

33、,often lived closeto hunger,and had to fashion tools fromwood and stone. Modern machinery hasfreed people from that primitiveexistence. 6What is the authors What is the authors attitude attitude towards the modern technology?towards the modern technology? A. Critical B. Objective. A. Critical B. Obj

34、ective. C. Optimistic. D. Negative. C. Optimistic. D. Negative.对事物的前景抱着希望，有信心，对事物的前景抱着希望，有信心，叫乐观叫乐观We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without this source of revenue收入来源收入来源

35、. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmers is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!Q: The attitude of the author toward advertisers is _. A. appreciative. B. trustw

36、orthy. C. critical. D. dissatisfactory.Passage 5.（江西卷）Just as crying can be healthy, not cryingholding back tears of anger, pain or sufferingcan be bad for physical(身体的) health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnes

37、ses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, dont fight it. Its a naturaland healthyemotional response(反应). （2分钟）According to the author, which of the following statements is true?A. Crying is the best way to get help from others.B. Fig

38、hting back tears may cause some health problems.C. We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry.D. We must cry if we want to reduce pressure.Passage6. Around the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Of course, there have always been people who have loo

39、ked for adventure- those who have climbed the highest mountains, traveled into unknown parts of the world or sailed in small boats across the greatest oceans. Now, however, there are people who look for an immediate excitement from a risky activity, which may only last a few minutes or even seconds.

40、 I would consider bungee jumping（蹦极跳）to be a good example of such an activity. You jump from a high place (perhaps a bridge or a hot air balloon) 200 meters above the ground with an elastic（有弹性的）rope tied to your ankles. You fall at up to 150 kilometers an hour until the rope stops you from hitting

41、the ground. It is said that about 2 million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. Other activities which most people would say as risky as bungee jumping include jumping from tall buildings and diving into the sea from the top of high cliffs. Why do people take part in such activiti

42、es as these? Some psychologists（心理学家）suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring. Not very long ago, peoples lives were constantly in danger. They had to go out and hunt for food, diseases could not easily be cured and life was a continuous battle for survival（生存）.

43、 Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement. They live and work in comparatively safe conditions; they buy food in shops; and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill. The answer for some of these people is to look for danger in activities such as

44、bungee jumping. （5分钟）The writer of the text has a _ attitude（态度）towards dangerous sports.A. positive（肯定的） B. negative（否定的） C. neutral （中立的） D. nervous1. Question forms:(1) 考查整篇文章的写作目的考查整篇文章的写作目的A. The writers purpose of writing this passage is to _.B. What is the purpose of writing this article?C. I

45、n writing the passage, the author intends to _.(2) 考查某处细节的写作意图A. The writer uses the example ofto show that _.B. The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _.C. are mentioned in the first paragraph to _. 2. 常见的写作目的归纳常见的写作目的归纳不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的, 但写作目的通常有以下三种：(1) to entertain re

46、aders（娱乐读者，让人发笑）(2) to persuade readers（说服读者接受某种观点）(3) to inform readers（告知读者某些信息）常见于常见于故事类故事类的文章。的文章。to make people laugh; to tell an interesting experience常见于常见于广告类广告类的文章。的文章。to sell a product or a service; to attract more visitors / readers / audience多见于多见于科普类科普类新闻报道类新闻报道类文化类或文化类或社会类社会类的文章的文章.3.

47、技巧点拨技巧点拨 (1) 根据根据文体类别文体类别推断写作目的推断写作目的(2) 从从写作手法写作手法来推断写作目的来推断写作目的Passage7. “Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave? Or have you jumped in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves came over you?” asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburg

48、h. “There is certainly a lot of energy in waves,” he said. （1.5分钟）The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _. A. test the readers knowledge about waves B. draw the readers attention to the topic C. show Jamie Taylors importance D. invite the readers to answer them The Cos

49、t of Higher EducationMany people believe that higher education should be freebecause it is good for the economy (经济经济). Many graduatesclearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all thebusinesses that invest (投资投资)and create jobs. If you believethat the government should pay for higher educa

50、tionbecause graduates are economically productive, youshould also believe that the government should pay part ofbusiness costs. Anyone promising to create jobs shouldreceive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, whoshould pay for their