中考英语语法专项复习：现在完成时态PPT课件.pptx

1、现在完成时现在完成时 主菜单上一页下一页现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时态的基本句型现在完成时态的基本句型 现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成主菜单上一页下一页助动词助动词havehave (has(has）+ + 过过去分词去分词movelivelovelike写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词:visitrepairwatchfinishvisited visited repaired repairedwatched watchedfinished finishedmoved

2、moved lived lived loved loved liked liked verbed以以e结尾结尾d写出下列动词的过去式和过去分写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词词:stopmoptrapplanstopped stopped mopped moppedtrapped trappedplanned planned注注:以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写最后一个辅音字母双写最后一个辅音字母ed双写双写edstudy hurrystudied studiedhurried hurried去去yied注注:以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的词结尾的词,去去y

3、ied.写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词:begive seemake put comewritewas/were beengave givensaw seenmade madeput putcame comewrote written注注:不规则动词见书上不规则动词见书上203-205页不规则动词表页不规则动词表.上一页下一页 Typeoriginal p.t p.pcostcostcostreadreadreadmeetmetmetcatchcaughtcaught rideroderiddenspeakspokespokendrinkdrankdrunkeat

4、ateeatenABBAAA ABC主菜单现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法一.表示过去发生或已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。上一页下一页He has just turned off the light.He has just turned off the light. (他刚把灯关了。他刚把灯关了。)相当于：He turned off the light just now. The light isnt on now. 即关灯这一动作对现即关灯这一动作对现在造成的结果和影响：现在灯不亮了。在造成的结果和影响：现在灯不亮了。 I have already finished my

5、homework.I have already finished my homework.( (我已我已经经完成了家庭作完成了家庭作业业。)主菜单二.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延 续到现在的动作或状态,但动作或状态可能仍在继续。上一页下一页She hashas livedlived here here sincesince she was born.she was born.自从她出生时就一直住在这儿。I I havehave learnt English learnt English for more thanfor more than ten yearsten years. . 我已经学

6、了10多年的英语。现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法主菜单三.表示单位时间内工作的次数和总数.上一页下一页I have already been to Beijing many times . We have learned 1500 English words so far.主菜单How many times has Kitty been to China ? 与一般过去时的用法比较一一. .一般过去时一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或表示过去发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作发单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作发生在过去，和现在没有关系，而生在过去，和现在没有关系，而现现在完成时在完成时

7、是表过去发生的某一动作是表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。是现在的情况。 上一页下一页主菜单二二. .一般过去时一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，常与具体的时间状语连用，现在完成时现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。或无时间状语。 1. 1.一般过去时的时间状语有一般过去时的时间状语有: : yesterday ,last week,yesterday ,last week,一段时间一段时间ago, ago, in 1980in 1980（过去时间）（过去时间）, in October ,jus

8、t , in October ,just now, a moment ago.now, a moment ago. 上一页下一页主菜单eg: The plane took off ten minutes ago. We finished our task last week .动动 词词 填填 空：空： 1._ you already_ (clean) the room?1._ you already_ (clean) the room? Yes, we _(do) that already. Yes, we _(do) that already. When _ you _(do) it? W

9、hen _ you _(do) it? We _(do) it an hour ago. We _(do) it an hour ago.2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes.2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes. When _ he _(see) it? When _ he _(see) it? He _ it last week. He _ it last week. 3. _you ever _(be) there many times? 3. _you ever _(be) there many times? HaveHavecl

10、eanedcleanedhave donehave donediddiddododiddidHasHasseenseendiddidseeseesawsawHaveHavebeenbeen下一页上一页主菜单4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes.5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes.6. 6. How _ she _(go) there

11、 yesterday?How _ she _(go) there yesterday? She _(go) there by air.She _(go) there by air.have readhave readhas gonehas gonediddidgogowentwent下一页上一页主菜单现在完成时的现在完成时的时间状语时间状语常与连用，如:already, already, recently, never, ever, just, yet, before, recently, never, ever, just, yet, before, so far, in the past+

12、so far, in the past+时间时间，over+over+时间时间，many times, these yearsmany times, these years等,表示“”所发生的动作.还可以和表示连用， since, for+since, for+一段一段时间时间等.上一页下一页主菜单一、一、sincesince Mr. Smith has worked here Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984since 1984. . （1984年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。）I have known Daniel since 7 years ago

13、.自从自从7年前我就认识丹尼尔年前我就认识丹尼尔。Hes learned about 500 words Hes learned about 500 words since he since he went to college.went to college.（他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词）上一页下一页主菜单过去的时间点过去的时间点过去的时间过去的时间一般过去时的从句一般过去时的从句二二、forfor一段时间一段时间（two weeks/six months/five daystwo weeks/six months/five days）forfor短语短语表示动作延续多长时间表示动作

14、延续多长时间 。 He has taught in this schoolHe has taught in this school for four years.for four years. （我们认识有二十年了。） I havent seen her I havent seen her for a long timefor a long time. . （我好久没有见到她了。） z.x.x.k上一页下一页主菜单选用选用 forfor和和 sincesince填空填空: :1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.1.We havent seen e

15、ach other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years 2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to 4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.China.5.His grandp

16、arents have been dead _ several 5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.years.6. Its five years _ we met last time.6. Its five years _ we met last time.forforsincesinceforforsincesinceforforsincesince下一页上一页主菜单三、三、everever和和nevernever也是现在完成时常也是现在完成时常见的时间状语。前者意思是见的时间状语。前者意思是“曾曾经经”，多见于疑问句或否定句

17、中；，多见于疑问句或否定句中；后者意思是后者意思是“从来没有从来没有”，表示全，表示全部否定。部否定。“ “Have you ever seen the film?” Have you ever seen the film?” “No. I have never seen it.”“No. I have never seen it.”（“你曾经看过这部影片吗？” “没有， 从来没看过。”）Nobody in our class has ever Nobody in our class has ever been there.been there. （我们班没有人去过那。）上一页下一页四、四、a

18、lreadyalready和和yetyet常见于现在完成时常见于现在完成时中，有中，有“已经已经”之意。前者一般用之意。前者一般用在肯定句中，后者用在疑问句中。在肯定句中，后者用在疑问句中。yetyet在否定句中有在否定句中有“还还”之意。之意。“ “Has the bus left yet”? Has the bus left yet”? “Yes. It has already left.” “Yes. It has already left.” (“No. It hasnt left yet.)(“No. It hasnt left yet.) “汽车开走了吗？” “是的，已经开走了。”

19、 “不，还没有开走。 ”上一页下一页 “already” 用于现在完成时的肯定句中用于现在完成时的肯定句中, “yet” 用于现在完成时的否定句和疑问句中用于现在完成时的否定句和疑问句中. 用用“already” “yet”填空填空 He has ( ) visited many places in He has ( ) visited many places in China. ( )China. ( ) 注意注意 already 在句中的两种位置在句中的两种位置. The train hasnt arrived .The train hasnt arrived .火车（到现在）火车（到现在

20、）还没有到。还没有到。 Has she arrived ? Has she arrived ? 她她已已经经到了到了吗吗？Hasnt he come ?Hasnt he come ? 她还没来吗她还没来吗？alreadyalreadyyet yet yet陈述句肯定形式。主语主语+ have/has+ 过去分词过去分词+其它其它e.g. I have had lunch. 已经吃过午饭了。 He has gone to Beijing. 他去北京了。 陈述句否定形式。主语主语+ have/has+ not+过去过去分词分词+（在助动词have/has后+not，可缩写为havent/hasnt

21、）e.g. I havent had lunch. 我还没吃午饭 He hasnt gone to Beijing. 他还没有去北京。上一页下一页主菜单 现在完成时的基本句型一般疑问句形式及其答语。Have/Has+主语主语过去分词过去分词（将助动词have/has提前，句末加问号） 肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes , 主语主语 have/has. 否定回答：否定回答：No , 主语主语 havent/hasnt.Has he gone to Beijing? 他去过北京了吗？ Yes, he has./No, he hasnt.特殊疑问句形式。（疑问词+一般疑问句）特词特词+ have/has+

22、主语过去分词主语过去分词？e.g. Where has he gone? 他去了哪里？上一页下一页主菜单短暂性动词与时间段的关系 短暂性动词不能与一段时间连用不能与一段时间连用，这些动词是：begin/start,finish/stop,come/go/arrive,leave,borrow,join,buy,marry,die等。等。上一页下一页为了表述这种意思，我们常用相应的来代替短暂性动词.主菜单begin/startbegin/start be onbe on finish/stop finish/stop be overbe overcome /go/arrive come /go/

23、arrive be in /atbe in /at leave leave be awaybe awayborrow borrow keep keep joinjoin be inbe in /a member of/a member ofmarry marry be marriedbe marriedbuy buy havehavedie die be deadbe deadCatch a cold Catch a cold have a coldhave a coldopenopen be openbe openclose be closedbe closedFall asleep Fal

24、l asleep be asleepbe asleep fall ill be illfall ill be ill下一页上一页主菜单 翻翻 译译 练练 习：习： 1. 1.我买了这块手表五年了。我买了这块手表五年了。 2. 2.这位老人已经死了十年了。这位老人已经死了十年了。 I I have boughthave bought this watch for five years. this watch for five years. I I have hadhave had this watch this watch forfor five five years/years/sincesi

25、nce 5 years 5 years ago.ago. The old man The old man has diedhas died for ten years. for ten years. The old man The old man has been deadhas been dead for ten for ten years/since 10 years/since 10 years ago.years ago.WW下一页上一页主菜单 3.3.他已经回来三天了。他已经回来三天了。 4. 4.我离开家乡已十年了。我离开家乡已十年了。 He He has come backhas

26、 come back for 3 days. for 3 days. He He has been backhas been back forfor 3 days/ 3 days/sincesince 3 3 days days agoago. . I I have lefthave left hometown for 10 years. hometown for 10 years. I I have been away fromhave been away from hometown for 10 hometown for 10 years. years.WW下一页上一页主菜单上一页主菜单E

27、xercise 1. I _ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in 2.The factory _ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened3.Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become4.The meeting _ for

28、 a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over 5.Miss Gao _ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught 6. I _ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned 7.He _ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had 8.-How long _ you _

29、 ill ? -Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been 9.The bus _on the road for 2 hours so far. A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been翻译下列句子翻译下列句子1.你最近收到你爸爸的来信了吗你最近收到你爸爸的来信了吗?_you _ _your father _?2.我已经很长时间没有去拜访我的姑姑了我已经很长时间没有去拜访我的姑姑了.I _ _my aunt _ _ _ _?3.Simon 去过北京许多次去过北京许多次.Simon _ _ _Beijin

30、g for _ _ ?4.他们去过电影院了.They _ _ _ the cinema.Have heard fromrecentlyhavent visited for a long timehas been tomany timeshave been to中考真题中考真题5. Do you know him well?5. Do you know him well? Sure. We Sure. We friends since ten years ago. friends since ten years ago. A. were B. have been A. were B. have

31、been C. have become D. have made C. have become D. have made6. May I speak to John?6. May I speak to John? Sorry, he Sorry, he Japan. But he Japan. But he in two days. in two days. A. has been to, will come back A. has been to, will come back B. has gone to, will be back B. has gone to, will be back

32、 C. has been in, would come back C. has been in, would come back D. has gone to, wont come back D. has gone to, wont come back中考真题中考真题7. Lucy, _ you _ your ticket?7. Lucy, _ you _ your ticket? Not yet. Not yet. A. did, find B. have, found A. did, find B. have, found C. has, found D. do, find C. has,

33、 found D. do, find中考真题中考真题8. I8. I this book for two weeks. I have to return this book for two weeks. I have to return it now. it now. A. borrowed B. have borrowed A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. kept D. have kept C. kept D. have kept中考真题中考真题9. It _ten years since we last_in Beijing.9. It _ten years

34、 since we last_in Beijing. A. was, met B. has been, met A. was, met B. has been, met C. was, meet D. is, meet C. was, meet D. is, meet10._ you ever _ to Hangzhou? 10._ you ever _ to Hangzhou? Yes, only once. I _ there with my father. Yes, only once. I _ there with my father. A. Have, gone, went B. H

35、ave, gone, will go A. Have, gone, went B. Have, gone, will go C. Have, been, went D. Have, been, will go C. Have, been, went D. Have, been, will go 我猜三道我猜三道中考真题中考真题What changes have taken place in your hometown?Changes to your hometownChanges to your hometownAbout changes toAbout changes to your hom

36、etownyour hometown1. Environment 1. Environment 环境环境(river,road,street,house)(river,road,street,house)2. Transport2. Transport3. People3. People4. Advantages4. Advantages5. Problems5. Problems结束语当你尽了自己的最大努力时，失败也是伟大的，所以不要放弃，坚持就是正确的。When You Do Your Best, Failure Is Great, So DonT Give Up, Stick To Th

37、e End感谢你的到来与聆听学习并没有结束，希望继续努力Thanks for listening, this course is expected to bring you value and help结束语当你尽了自己的最大努力时，失败也是伟大的，所以不要放弃，坚持就是正确的。When You Do Your Best, Failure Is Great, So DonT Give Up, Stick To The End感谢你的到来与聆听学习并没有结束，希望继续努力Thanks for listening, this course is expected to bring you value and help