中考英语复习：第六节-形容词和副词课件.ppt

1、 英语 返回 英语 返回第一部分 语法精讲精练第六节形容词和副词 英语 返回01中 考 导 航 02考 点 突 破03课 堂 小 测04中 考 模 拟 演 练目录导航 英语 返回考情分析：从近五年考查情况来看，形容词和副词是重要考点，20142018年均考查了其中的两个考点，形容词、副词的辨析，形容词和副词的比较等级是每年的必考点。2019年备考时应掌握好形容词和副词的比较等级，形容词和副词的词义的辨析。形容词、副词的辨析是完形填空题的考查重点，近几年每年均考查2题以上，同学们要重点突破。 英语 返回考 点 突 破 基数词()1形容词的用法形容词是用来说明人或事物特征、性质或状态的词。基本用法

2、如下： 英语 返回用法位置例子注意作定语放在名词前 This is an interesting book. 作表语 放在系动词之后The book is_interesting.Leaves turn_yellow in autumn.系动词主要有be动词、三变化(turn，get，become)、 英语 返回用法位置例子注意作表语 放在系动词之后You look very happy.五感官(feel，sound，look，smell，taste)以及keep和seem等。 英语 返回用法位置例子注意作宾补放在宾语后，常与keep，make，find，feel, think等动词连用We

3、should keep our classroom clean and tidy.What he said made me happy.常用于下面的句型中：keep sth.adj.make sb.adj.find/feel/think itadj.to do sth. 英语 返回2.副词的用法(1)副词的用法副词一般充当状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词，此外还可修饰整个句子。副词一般放在行为动词或形容词后面，表程度或频率的副词一般放在动词前面。如：Its raining heavily now.It often rains in our hometown.现在正在下大雨。在我们家乡，经常下雨。

4、英语 返回(2)副词的分类时间副词：ago, before, already, now, just, soon, then, yet, always, usually, often, sometimes, never, ever等。地点副词：here, there, in, out, back, home等。程度副词：very, much, only, quite, too, so, nearly, enough, hard, still等。 英语 返回疑问副词：when, where, how, why等。方式副词：quickly, slowly, carefully, loudly, st

5、rongly, badly, happily等。(3)形容词变成副词的规律直接加ly构成： quickquickly, carefulcarefully, suddensuddenly； 英语 返回以辅音字母加le结尾的词，去e加y: terribleterribly；以辅音字母加y结尾的词， 改y为i，再加ly: heavyheavily；其他变化： truetruly, fullfully；形容词与副词同形的： fast, early, hard, high, straight等；daily, lovely, friendly, lonely, ugly, likely等是形容词，不是副词

6、。 英语 返回3形容词、副词辨析(20112018年考，重要考点，由于本书篇幅有限，不能收集更多形容词、副词辨析的练习，同学们一定要在平时练习中建立自己的错题本，将易混的形容词、副词分类整理好。) 英语 返回(1)alone, lonelyalone与lonely意义相近， alone表示“独自一人”的状态， 而lonely表示“孤单；寂寞”的情绪。练习：But the children are not _.She was sitting in the bed _ when we went to see her.Our teachers take good care of us, so we

7、never feel _.alonealonelonely 英语 返回(2)every, eachevery和each作形容词时， 都是“每一个”的意思，但实际含义并不完全相同。each着重个别情况，而every则着重整体情况。当我们说each child, each student或each teacher时，我们想到的是一个人的情况。当我们说every child或every student时， 我们想到的是全体的情况，every的意思与all接近，表示“他们都如此”。 英语 返回eachEveryeach可以用来指两个或两个以上的人或物，但every只能用于指三个或三个以上的数量，不能指

8、两个。练习：The teacher gave a present to _ student. _ student loves his teacher.Two boys entered._ boy was carrying a large box.Each 英语 返回(3)big, large, great在谈论物体大小的时候， big和large都可以用来表示“大的”。big在口语中使用得较多。great主要修饰抽象的东西，表示在范围上或程度上比一般的大，在修饰具体事物时常常带有感情色彩。 英语 返回big/largebig/large练习：This box is _. I want a _

9、box.This is too small.We like China very much.Its _！great 英语 返回(4)high, tall都可表示“高”，其区别：high通常用于物之高，而tall常用于指人的个子及细长之物。(building和pole用high或tall都可以。)练习：Canton Tower is very _. The boys are growing_ and_.high/talltallertaller 英语 返回blackdark(5)black, dark都可作形容词，也可作名词，其区别：black的意思是“黑色(的)”， 指颜色，其反义词是whit

10、e；而dark的意思是“暗、天黑、黑暗”， 指无光。练习：All the windows have been painted _. It is too _ to read here. 英语 返回truereal(6)real, true都可翻译为“真的”， 其区别： real的意思是“真的，实在的”， 用来表示“客观存在而不是想象或虚构的”或“真的而非假造的”。true的意思是“真正的，真实的，确实的，名副其实的”。练习：Its _ that he is married. Is that a _ flower? 英语 返回(7)too, also, either这三个词作副词用时，都含有“也”

11、的意思，但用法不同。too, also只能用于肯定句中， too一般放在句尾， also放在句中； either只能用于否定句中，一般放在句尾。练习：Im in Row 1，_. Chinese takeaway food is _ popular.We dont like the same colours，_.tooalsoeither 英语 返回(8)already, yet, stillalready意为“已经”， 通常用于陈述句；用于疑问句时表示惊异、怀疑；不用于否定句。yet意为“尚”“仍然”，常用于否定句和疑问句。still表示“仍然，还”，放于句中。练习：We have_ fin

12、ished the work. Is he_ in the classroom?We havent finished the work_.alreadystillyet 英语 返回hardhardly (9)hard，hardly(本书2018年精准命中形容词、副词辨析考点！)hard作形容词，意为“艰苦的”，作副词，意为“努力地”“猛烈地”，如：hard work(艰苦的工作)，work hard(努力工作)；hardly不是hard的副词形式，而是另外一个词，意为“几乎不”。练习：He works _. He _ listened to me. 英语 返回agobefore(10)ago,

13、 before都可译为“以前”，其区别：ago只与过去时连用，ago前通常要有表示时间的词。before常与现在完成时或过去(完成)时连用，并且可以当介词，后面接介词宾语。练习：She saw the film three days _. She said she had seen the film three days _. 英语 返回latelately(11)late, latelylate表示“迟、晚”。lately是“最近、近来”的意思。练习：He always arrives home _. Have you been to the cinema _ ? 英语 返回insteadi

14、nstead of(12)instead, instead of都可译为“代替”，其区别：instead只能单独使用，常位于句首或句尾。instead of后面要接名词、动名词、代词或介词短语。练习：She is very tired.Let me go _. Shall we have fish _ eggs today? 英语 返回goodwell(13)good，wellgood是形容词，意为“好的”。well副词，意为“好地”；作形容词时指“身体健康的”。 well放在动词之后，表达“健康；妥善”等意思，不能放在名词之前修饰一般物品。练习： He is a_ player.He can

15、 play basketball very_.Im not feeling_ now.I must see a doctor at once.well 英语 返回(14)sometimes, sometime与some timesometimes的意思是“有时，往往，不时地”。sometime的意思是“某个时候”，可指将来，也可指过去。some time的意思是“一段时间”，可以是几分钟、几小时、几天，甚至几年。 英语 返回练习：Sometimes we are busy and _ we are not.Well take our holiday _ in May.The fire went

16、 on for _ before it was brought under control.sometimessometimesome time 英语 返回(15)so, suchso是副词，意为“如此”，修饰形容词，如：so fast(如此地快)。such是形容词，意为“如此”，修饰名词，如：such a good boy(如此好的男孩)。练习：There are_ many clouds in the sky. He is_ a bad man that people dont like him.sosuch 英语 返回(16)ill, sickill用作“生病的”时，不可以修饰名词，而s

17、ick作“生病的”时可以修饰名词。练习：This is a_ boy.Please take a seat for him. He has been_ in bed for 2 days.sickill/sick 英语 返回(17)asleep, sleepy, sleepasleep形容词，“睡着的”。常用词组：fall asleep(入睡)。sleepy形容词，“想睡的，困倦的”。常用词组：be sleepy。sleep动词，“睡觉”。常用词组：go to sleep(睡觉)。练习：He was so_ that he fell _ easily. I have to _ by 10 at

18、 home.sleepyasleepsleep 英语 返回(18)awake，wakeawake形容词，“醒着的”。常用词组：be awake(醒着的)。wake动词，“醒来”。常用词组：wake up(醒来)。练习：Dont _ me up.I want to sleep late.He is _ now.Let him answer the telephone.wakeawake 英语 返回dieddead(19)die, dead, death, dyingdie动词，“死”。dead形容词，“死的”。death名词，“死”。dying形容词，“将死的”。练习：The dog _.It

19、has been _ for an hour.His _ made us sad.The bird is _.Lets try to save it.deathdying 英语 返回(20)interesting, interested, interestinteresting形容词，“有趣的”， 常用来形容物。interested形容词，“感到有趣的”，常用来形容人的感觉。常用词组：be interested in(对感兴趣)。interest名词，“兴趣，爱好”；动词，“使某人感兴趣”。 英语 返回interestinginterests练习：The film seems _.It _ m

20、e.I want to see it tomorrow.My brother has many _.He is _ in basketball most.interestsinterested 英语 返回(21)pleased, pleasant, pleasurepleased形容词，“感到高兴的”。常用词组：be pleased with(对感到高兴)。pleasant形容词，“令人愉快的”。如：a pleasant holiday(一个愉快的假期)。pleasure名词，“愉快”。常用词组：with pleasure(十分乐意)。 英语 返回pleasedpleasant练习：Were

21、all _ with the news.It is a _ dinner.Thank you for your dinner！Its my _.pleasure 英语 返回(22)surprise, surprised, surprisingsurprise作名词时，表“惊奇”。常用词组：in surprise(惊奇地)放句末；to ones surprise使某人惊奇的是。作动词时，表示“使惊奇”。surprised形容词，“感到惊奇的”。常用词组：be surprised at sth./be surprised to do sth.(惊讶于做某事)。 英语 返回surprising形容词

22、，“令人惊奇的”。如：The surprising news surprised me.这个令人惊讶的消息使我惊奇。练习：He looked at me in _.He is _ to look at me.To my _，he failed in this contest.What _ news! He is still alive.The news _ us.surprisesurprisedsurprisesurprisingsurprised 英语 返回(23)much too, too much, too manymuch too形容词、副词原级，表示“非常，极其，太”。too mu

23、ch不可数名词，表示“太多”。too many名词复数，表示“太多”。 英语 返回练习：There is _ rain in Hubei this summer so that _ people are in trouble of flood.There was _ noise in the hall.The little girl has to practise the piano every day.She is _ tired of it sometimes.too muchtoo manytoo muchmuch too 英语 返回(24)how often, how long, ho

24、w soon, how farhow often表示频率，指间隔有多久，通常用一般现在时。常用once, twice, three times, often, usually, always, never等回答。how long表示持续多久，通常用表示一段时间的时间状语或“for一段时间”“since时间点”等来回答。 英语 返回how soon表示“还要多久”，通常用于一般将来时，用“in一段时间”来回答。how far表示距离有多远，通常用“kilometer(s), mile(s)”或“five minutes walk”等来回答。练习：_ can the model plane fly

25、？About ten meters.How far 英语 返回How longHow often_ have you been in Zhongshan？For three years._ do you call your parents？Once a week._ will your uncle arrive at the airport？In an hour.How soon 英语 返回How longHow far_ will you stay in Shanghai？About a week._ is it from your home to school？Its only one k

26、ilometer./Its only five minutes walk. 英语 返回( )1.(2018广东)My grandpa practices playing the guitar_ in the university for the elderly every day.Cool! Its never too old to learn.A.hardBhardly Cgreat Dgreatly( )2.(2017广东)We can collect rainwater when it rains _， and use it to water plants.A.softlyBheavil

27、yCnoisily Dquietly母题训练AB 英语 返回( )3.(2016 广东)According to a recent survey, _three fifths of working mothers in China dont want to have a second child.A.mostly Bespecially Cpartly Dnearly( )4.(2015广东)The final exam is very important.We must treat it _.Aserious Bseriously Ccareless Dcarelessly 母题训练DB 英

28、语 返回( )5.(2014广东)Take care when you are driving, _ in a summer storm like this.A.immediately Bespecially Cprobably Drecently母题训练B 英语 返回( )6.(2012广东)Did you go to the cinema to see 3D Titanic last night?No, I _ go to the cinema.The tickets are too expensive.A.hardly Bnearly Cstill Donly母题训练A 英语 返回( )

29、7.(2011广东)Have you ever seen the movie called Los Angeles 2011? Yes, but I think its _.I fell asleep when I saw it.A.exciting BboringCbored Dexcited母题训练B 英语 返回( )8.The coach thinks _ of Marys sports talents，for she jumped very _ at the sports meeting.A.high; high Bhighly; highly Chigh; highly Dhighl

30、y; high( )9.Its best to stay indoors, _ when PM 2.5 has reached dangerous levels.A.exactly BpossiblyCespeciallyDgenerally中考预测DC 英语 返回( )10.I cant hear you _.Please speak a little louder.A.clearlyBlovely Cwidely Dfriendly( )11.Its said that Mo Yans speech was wonderful.Thats true.We clapped our hands

31、 _ many times during his speech yesterday.A.excited Bexcitedly Cexciting Dexcitingly中考预测AB 英语 返回( )12.Can you pass my glasses to me, Betty? I can _ see the words on the blackboard.A.reallyBhard Conly Dhardly( )13.We dont want to speak badly or _ in front of the class.A.clearlyBcarefully CcarelesslyD

32、properly中考预测DC 英语 返回( )14.Why are you so_， Amy?I thought I lost my purse, but I didnt.I found it in my schoolbag.A.angryBhappyCsadDnervous中考预测B 英语 返回David received a parrot for his birthday.The parrot had a poor vocabulary(词汇量), and many were not _15_.David tried _16_ to change the birds words and w

33、as often saying polite words, playing soft music, trying anything he could think of to set a _17_ example.形容词、副词辨析完形填空专练形容词、副词辨析完形填空专练 英语 返回But nothing worked. He shouted at the bird and the bird just got _18_ and became even less polite.Finally, without any hope, David put the parrot in the freezer

34、.For a few moments he heard the bird kick(踢) and cry _19_ in it.Then suddenly it was quietnot a sound for half a minute.David was _20_ that he might have hurt the bird and quickly opened the freezer door. 英语 返回The parrot _21_ stepped out onto Davids arm and said，“I believe that I may have made you a

35、ngry with me about my _22_ language and actions.I will try my best at once to be polite.I am really _23_ and beg your pardon.” David was surprised at the birds change, and he was just to ask what had made such a _24_ change when the parrot went on saying, “May I ask what the chicken in the freezer d

36、id？” 英语 返回( )15.A.interesting Bbad Cbeautiful Dpolite( )16.A.hard Bhardly Ccompletely Dangrily ( )17.A.good Bbad Csame Ddifferent ( )18.A.sick Bbored Cangry Dlost ( )19.A.easily Bloudly Cslowly Dwisely ( )20.A.happy Bexcited Cangry DfrightenedDAACBD 英语 返回( )21.A.quietly Bangrily Cimpolitely Dhappily

37、( )22.A.polite Bimpolite Cgood Dnoisy ( )23.A.sorry Bnoisy Cfree Dimportant ( )24.A.little Bsurprising Cdifficult Dgood ABAB 英语 返回形容词和副词的比较等级及变化规律1形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成(1)单音节和少数双音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成规律：一般单词都是在词尾加er，est构成。如： great(greater, greatest), hard(harder, hardest)，cheap(cheaper, cheapest)等。 英语 返回如果

38、单词以字母e结尾(e不发音)，直接加上r，st。如：wide(wider, widest), large(larger, largest)等。以重读闭音节结尾的单音节词，需双写词尾的辅音字母，再加er，est。如： hot(hotter, hottest), big(bigger, biggest)等。这个变化规则与现在分词、过去式和过去分词的拼写规则一样。 英语 返回以辅音字母y结尾的双音节词要变y为i, 再加er，est。如： early(earlier, earliest), happy(happier, happiest)等。少数以er结尾的双音节形容词，其比较级和最高级也是加er，e

39、st。如： clever(cleverer, cleverest)。(2)多音节形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的构成规律：多音节形容词和副词一般要在形容词和副词前加more或most构成比较级、最高级形式。 英语 返回如：more interesting(更有趣的), the most dangerous(最危险的)等。如： Todays meeting is the most important of all.今天的会议最为重要。 英语 返回(3)不规则形容词的比较级、最高级：常见形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化归纳如下：原级比较级最高级good(好的), well(健康的)better be

40、st bad(坏的), ill(有病的)worse worst many, much(多的)more most little, few(小的，少的)less, fewer least, fewest far(远的)farther/further farthest/furthestold(年岁大的)older/elderoldest/eldest 英语 返回(4)不规则副词的比较级、最高级：clearlymore clearlymost clearly(以形容词ly结尾的副词，加more, most构成比较级、最高级)latelaterlatest wellbetterbest badly(坏)

41、worseworst 英语 返回much(多)moremost little(少)lessleast far(远)farther(更远地)farthest(最远)far(远)further(更远地)furthest(最远) 英语 返回 比较等级变化口诀比较级要变化，一般词尾加er。词尾若有哑音e，直接加r就可以。一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写。辅音字母加y，要把y改i。最高级加est，前面加the莫忘记。形容词副词若是多音节，只把more，most前面写。 英语 返回巩固练习写出下列词语的比较级和最高级的形式。1long_2.slow_3.nice_4late_ 5.big_ longerlo

42、ngestslowerslowestnicernicestlaterlatestbiggerbiggest 英语 返回6.hot_7fat_ 8.thin_ 9.easy_10happy_ 11.careful_ hotterhottestfatterfattestthinnerthinnesteasiereasiesthappierhappiestmore careful the most careful 英语 返回12.interesting_13good，well_ 14.bad，ill，badly_ 15.many，much_16little_ 17.far_more interest

43、ingthe most interestingbetterbestworseworstmoremostlessleastfarther(further)farthest(furthest) 英语 返回2.形容词、副词原级的用法 (1)“A谓语动词as原级asB”表示A、B两者程度相同。如：Jim is running as fast as Bru ce.They are neck and neck.吉姆和布鲁斯跑得一样快。他们旗鼓相当。 英语 返回(2)“A谓语动词的否定式as/so原级asB”表示“A不如B”。如：Luckily, the weather is not so/as bad a

44、s yesterday.幸好天气没有昨天那样糟。 英语 返回形容词、副词的比较级的用法()比较级表示两者之间的比较，常用的有如下结构： (2018、2017、2015、2013、2011、2010年考)用法例子(1)“A谓语动词比较级thanB”表示“A比B”。He runs much faster than Tom.他比汤姆要跑得快得多。 英语 返回用法例子(2)在比较级前用much, even, still等词修饰，表示加强语气。He did his homework much more carefully than her.他做家庭作业要比她仔细得多。 英语 返回用法例子(3)“A谓语动

45、词比较级thanany other单数名词(介词短语)”，或者“A谓语动词比较级thanthe other名词复数(介词短语)”Chongqing is larger than any other city in Sichuan.Chongqing is larger than the other cities in Sichuan.重庆比四川的任何城市都大。 英语 返回用法例子表示“A比任何人或物都”，有“A是最”的意思。 英语 返回用法例子(4)“A谓语动词the比较级of the two”句型，表示“A是两者中较的”。He is the more careful of the two e

46、ngineers.他是两名工程师中较细心的一个。 英语 返回用法例子(5)“比较级and比较级”表示“越来越”。Winter is coming and the days are getting colder and colder.冬天要到了，天变得越来越冷了。 英语 返回用法例子(6)“the比较级，the比较级”，表示“越，就越”。The harder you work, the better grades you will get.你学习越努力，成绩就越好。 英语 返回用法例子(7)“A谓语动词less原级thanB”表示“A不如B”。I think pop music is less

47、beautiful than classic music.我认为流行音乐没有古典音乐那么好听。 英语 返回【拓展知识】比较级前面一般没有定冠词the，但遇到以下句型时要用the。如：He is the heavier of the two boys.他是两个男孩子中更重的那个。Lily is the cleverer of the twins.莉莉是双胞胎中更聪明的那个。 英语 返回( )1.(2018广东)What do you think of the movie Operation Red Sea?Wonderful. Ive never seen a movie _ than it.A

48、.more excited Bmore excitingCmost excitedDmost exciting母题训练B 英语 返回( )2.(2017广东)Its believed that playing computer games too much does _ harm than good.A.manyBmuch Cmore Dmost母题训练C 英语 返回( )3.(2015广东)Bob knows how to cut the cost of the project.Im sure he can do the work with _ money and _ people. Ale

49、ss; less Bfewer; more Cmore; fewer Dless; fewer 母题训练D 英语 返回( )4.(2013广东)What do you think of the film So Young directed by Zhao Wei?Wonderful.I think its _ than the other films about youth in recent years.A.the best Bthe worstCmuch better Dmuch worse母题训练C 英语 返回( )5.(2011广东)Steve is good at writing s

50、hort stories.So he is.But he writes _ than us.So he cant get good grades in writing.A.most carefully Bmore carefullyCless carefullyDleast carefully母题训练C 英语 返回( )6.(2010广东)How are you feeling today?Much_.I can go to school next week.A.goodBbetterCbestDwell母题训练B 英语 返回( )7.Next Monday is our mothers bi