Unit 3 Starting out & Understanding ideas 同步练习-（2019）新外研版高中英语选择性必修第一册.docx

1、Starting out & Understanding ideas.阅读理解AIf the Olympic Games are a history of mankind，wrestling (摔跤) is the prologue (序幕)When the ancient Games of the Olympic were born，wrestling was already an ancient game.Widely recognized as the worlds oldest competitive sport，wrestling appeared in a series of Eg

2、yptian wall paintings as early as 5,000 years ago.When the ancient Olympic Games began in 776 BC，more than two thousand years later，it included wrestling and in the years that followed，wrestling featured as the main event.The sport would return in a similar role when the Olympic Games returned after

3、 a 1,500year absence in 1896.Organizers，seeking direct links to ancient times，found wrestling was very popular across much of the ancient world，from Greece，Assyria and Babylon to India，China and Japan.GrecoRoman wrestling，a style which was believed to be passed down from the Greek and Roman wrestler

4、s of old was brought back into use.In GrecoRoman wrestling，the wrestlers used only their arms and upper bodies to attack.They could hold only those same parts of their opponents (对手)It worked nicely from a historical attitude，but another cheerful and relaxing style was sweeping across Great Britain

5、and the United States by then.Known as“catch as catch can”，it had become popular at fairs and festivals in both countries.In 1904，the Olympic Games added the second wrestling event and called it“freestyle”Now，wrestlers could use their legs for pushing，lifting and tripping，and they could hold opponen

6、ts above or below the waist.1The first ancient Games of the Olympiad were held almost years ago.A776B1,500C3,000 D5,0002What does the writer want to tell us by saying wrestling is the prologue?AThe ancient Olympic Games have a long history.BWrestling was an important game in the ancient Olympic Game

7、s.CWrestling is popular all the time.DWrestling has a really long history.3Why was GrecoRoman wrestling brought back into use in 1896 when the Olympic Games returned?ABecause organizers wanted to find direct links to ancient times.BBecause wrestling was very popular across much of the ancient world.

8、CBecause people believed it was passed down from the Greek and Roman wrestlers of old.DBecause all of the above.4Concerning wrestling，which of the following is WRONG?AWrestling has a longer history than the ancient Olympic Games.BIn GrecoRoman wrestling，wrestlers can only use their arms and upper bo

9、dies to attack.CIn 1904，another kind of wrestling took the place of GrecoRoman wrestling.DIn Olympic Games，wrestlers can hold opponents above or below the waist now.BThis is Ella Stevens who，at just 13 years old，is fighting for a chance to drive for the most famous team in Formula 1 (一级方程式赛车)Ferrari

10、.This fall Stevens faces a series of challenges, on and off track at the Paul Ricard circuit in France，with the ultimate prize a place on the famous Ferrari Driver Academy as its first female racer.“Its a very good opportunity for me，”Ella，already a British karting champion，tells CNN.“We have to do

11、a few fitness tests in the first phase so that they can see our driving.”The Academy is，in fact，a breeding ground for future racing stars.Its current crop includes Mick Schumacher，the son of legendary Ferrari driver Michael，Enzo Fittipaldi，whose grandfather Emerson was a double F1 world champion，as

12、well as Arthur Leclerc，the younger brother of Ferraris current F1 racer Charles.On the face of it，theres no place for a 13yearold girl from a small village in England who already has a mountain to climb as a female in a sport still dominated by males.After all，a female has not raced in F1 for nearly

13、 30 years，and just five women have taken part in a grand prix (大奖赛)But Stevens is being supported by a popular figure in the F1 community，Rob Smedley.He worked as a Ferrari engineer for more than a decade and is now teaching Stevens through his own Electroheads Talent Academy.Smedley describes Ferra

14、ris search for a potential female racer as a “huge step”“Having a major player in the sport，with such a rich history as Ferrari, leading on this has to be applauded，” he tells CNN.“Its absolutely amazing that they want to do this and theyre taking positive action to increase the gender diversity wit

15、hin the sport.”5What will Ella win after fighting off a series of challenges?AShell become a karting champion.BShell drive for Ferrari in Formula 1.CShell have to pass a few fitness test.DShell become the first female racing champion.6Why is Mick Schumacher mentioned in Paragraph 3?ATo make people b

16、elieve hes a famous racing driver.BTo show Ferriari Driver Academy is difficult to enter.CTo introduce that he was once a double F1 world champion.DTo prove Ferrari Driver Academy is home to the promising racing drivers.7What does the underlined word “dominated” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?AWo

17、n. BRuled.CPlaced. DGrasped.8Whats the best title for the text?AElla Stevens：the First Female RacerBElla Stevens：a Promising Racing StarCFormula 1Ferrari：the World Top RaceDFormula 1Ferrari：a Race without FemaleCThere are at least two types of escalator(自动扶梯) takers：walkers and standers.Walkers thin

18、k that escalators exist to quicken their pace，while standers typically see them as moving rest stops.Walkers think standers prevent them from moving quickly，while standers see walkers as impatient passersby who rudely cut them off.The truth is，though，that the general purpose of escalators is to dire

19、ct and ease the flow of pedestrian traffic，not to speed our pace up or to enable laziness or inactivity.So the question whether its the walkers or the standers who are in the right actually is not just a subjective matter of preference.Science can weigh in.A 2013 study showed that 74.9 percent of pe

20、destrians choose to stand on the escalator instead of walking.This is important because we need to consider the way that most people are choosing to move naturally when weighing efficiency.Moreover，studies have also shown that someone standing needs，on average，a little over three square feet of spac

21、e to feel psychologically comfortable，whereas a walking pedestrian needs more than eight square feet.What this means is that，from a strictly psychological point of view，an escalator can comfortably hold more than twice the number of standing pedestrians as walking pedestrians.Finally，planners for Lo

22、ndons public transit system recently found that by starting a “standing only” policy on their escalators，they were able to get a 27 percent increase in the hourly capacity (容量)These results were compared against a model where both walkers and standers were given lanes on which they can move accordin

23、g to their preference.This might sound contrary to common sense for the very reason that walkers can move faster on the escalator than standers，and so allowing at least some people to walk might seem to make sense.But of course，not all walkers move at the same pace，and this inconsistency causes traf

24、fic to build up in disorderly ways，which slows everyone down.However，when you have the escalator alone to yourself，walking is certainly more efficient in this case.When others are present，though，its best for everyone if you just stand and be patient.9Paragraph 1 is mainly about .Athe functions of es

25、calatorsBdifferent ways to take escalatorsCimpatient people on escalatorsDpeoples dissatisfaction with escalators10What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AKnowing the major preference.BMaking a right choice.CWeighing efficiency.DCounting numbers.11What does the author think of

26、the “standing only”policy?AUnreasonable. BSignificant.CImpractical. DControversial.12What is the main purpose of this text?ATo prove the convenience of escalators.BTo show how escalators ease pedestrian traffic.CTo tell the difference between standers and walkers.DTo explain why we should stand on t

27、he escalator.阅读七选五For the rest of March，a disease will sweep across the US.It will keep kids home from school. 1 Employees will suddenly lose their ability to concentrate.The disease，known as “March Madness”，refers to the yearly 65team US mens college basketball tournament. 2 Teams compete against e

28、ach other in a singleelimination (单局淘汰) tournament that eventually crowns a national champion.Nearly 20 million Americans will find themselves prisoners of basketball festival madness.The fun comes partly from guessing the winners for every game.Friends compete against friends. 3 Colleagues against

29、bosses.Bigname schools are usually favoured to advance into the tournament.But each year there are dark horses from littleknown universities.This adds to the madness.Watching a team from a school with 3,000 students beat a team from a school with 30,000，for many Americans，is an exciting experience.T

30、wo years ago，the littleknown George Mason University was one of the final four teams. 4 College basketball players are not paid，so the game is more about making a name for their university and themselves. 5 About $4 billion will be spent gambling(赌) on the event.According to Media Life magazine，the

31、event will bring in $500 million in advertising income this year，topping the postseason income of every US professional league，including that of the NBA.AHusbands against wives.BThe players will go all out for the games.CBut that doesnt mean money isnt involved.DCollege students will ignore piles of

32、 homework.EPeople are willing to spend more money on watching it.FIt begins on March 15 and lasts through the beginning of April.GMany people had never even heard of the university before the tournament.Starting out & Understanding ideas.阅读理解AIf the Olympic Games are a history of mankind，wrestling (

33、摔跤) is the prologue (序幕)When the ancient Games of the Olympic were born，wrestling was already an ancient game.Widely recognized as the worlds oldest competitive sport，wrestling appeared in a series of Egyptian wall paintings as early as 5,000 years ago.When the ancient Olympic Games began in 776 BC，

34、more than two thousand years later，it included wrestling and in the years that followed，wrestling featured as the main event.The sport would return in a similar role when the Olympic Games returned after a 1,500year absence in 1896.Organizers，seeking direct links to ancient times，found wrestling was

35、 very popular across much of the ancient world，from Greece，Assyria and Babylon to India，China and Japan.GrecoRoman wrestling，a style which was believed to be passed down from the Greek and Roman wrestlers of old was brought back into use.In GrecoRoman wrestling，the wrestlers used only their arms and

36、 upper bodies to attack.They could hold only those same parts of their opponents (对手)It worked nicely from a historical attitude，but another cheerful and relaxing style was sweeping across Great Britain and the United States by then.Known as“catch as catch can”，it had become popular at fairs and fes

37、tivals in both countries.In 1904，the Olympic Games added the second wrestling event and called it“freestyle”Now，wrestlers could use their legs for pushing，lifting and tripping，and they could hold opponents above or below the waist.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“摔跤”这一奥运比赛项目有着悠久的历史。1The first ancient Games of

38、the Olympiad were held almost years ago.A776B1,500C3,000 D5,000解析：选C细节理解题。从第一段我们可以看出古奥运会是在公元前776年开始的，与C答案最接近。2What does the writer want to tell us by saying wrestling is the prologue?AThe ancient Olympic Games have a long history.BWrestling was an important game in the ancient Olympic Games.CWrestli

39、ng is popular all the time.DWrestling has a really long history.解析：选D推理判断题。整篇文章是在介绍摔跤的历史。在古奥运会举行之前，摔跤就已经作为一种运动形式存在了。作者说摔跤是人类历史的序幕，旨在说明摔跤作为一种运动有悠久的历史。3Why was GrecoRoman wrestling brought back into use in 1896 when the Olympic Games returned?ABecause organizers wanted to find direct links to ancient

40、times.BBecause wrestling was very popular across much of the ancient world.CBecause people believed it was passed down from the Greek and Roman wrestlers of old.DBecause all of the above.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，A、B、C三项都是希腊罗马式摔跤重新作为奥运项目的原因，故选D项。4Concerning wrestling，which of the following is WRONG?AWres

41、tling has a longer history than the ancient Olympic Games.BIn GrecoRoman wrestling，wrestlers can only use their arms and upper bodies to attack.CIn 1904，another kind of wrestling took the place of GrecoRoman wrestling.DIn Olympic Games，wrestlers can hold opponents above or below the waist now.解析：选C细

42、节理解题。根据最后一段中的In 1904，the Olympic Games added the second wrestling event and called it “freestyle”可知，在1904年又增加了一种自由式摔跤比赛，并没有说取代了原来那种。BThis is Ella Stevens who，at just 13 years old，is fighting for a chance to drive for the most famous team in Formula 1 (一级方程式赛车)Ferrari.This fall Stevens faces a series

43、 of challenges, on and off track at the Paul Ricard circuit in France，with the ultimate prize a place on the famous Ferrari Driver Academy as its first female racer.“Its a very good opportunity for me，”Ella，already a British karting champion，tells CNN.“We have to do a few fitness tests in the first

44、phase so that they can see our driving.”The Academy is，in fact，a breeding ground for future racing stars.Its current crop includes Mick Schumacher，the son of legendary Ferrari driver Michael，Enzo Fittipaldi，whose grandfather Emerson was a double F1 world champion，as well as Arthur Leclerc，the younge

45、r brother of Ferraris current F1 racer Charles.On the face of it，theres no place for a 13yearold girl from a small village in England who already has a mountain to climb as a female in a sport still dominated by males.After all，a female has not raced in F1 for nearly 30 years，and just five women hav

46、e taken part in a grand prix (大奖赛)But Stevens is being supported by a popular figure in the F1 community，Rob Smedley.He worked as a Ferrari engineer for more than a decade and is now teaching Stevens through his own Electroheads Talent Academy.Smedley describes Ferraris search for a potential female

47、 racer as a “huge step”“Having a major player in the sport，with such a rich history as Ferrari, leading on this has to be applauded，” he tells CNN.“Its absolutely amazing that they want to do this and theyre taking positive action to increase the gender diversity within the sport.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。年仅13

48、岁的Ella Stevens正在争取机会进入一级方程式赛车中最著名的法拉利车队，并且有希望成为法拉利车队的第一个女赛车手。5What will Ella win after fighting off a series of challenges?AShell become a karting champion.BShell drive for Ferrari in Formula 1.CShell have to pass a few fitness test.DShell become the first female racing champion.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，年仅13岁的Ella Stevens 正在争取机会进入一级方程式赛车