初中英语语法汇编-动词及动词短语课件.pptx

1、语法九动词及动词短语考点考点1 常见易混动词辨析常见易混动词辨析(1)spend/pay/cost/take表示表示“花费花费”Mom never spends any money on herself. 妈妈从来都不在自己身上花钱。妈妈从来都不在自己身上花钱。May I borrow 12 yuan from you? Ill pay it back next week. 你能借给我你能借给我12块钱吗？我下周还你。块钱吗？我下周还你。It wont cost you a penny for the first six months. 开始的六个月你不用花一分钱。开始的六个月你不用花一分钱。

2、It took them three years to build this road. 他们用三年时间修完了这条路。他们用三年时间修完了这条路。(2)look/watch/see/read 表示表示“看看”look可以表示可以表示“看上去看上去”，是感官动词，后接形容词。，是感官动词，后接形容词。看病看病(看医生看医生)用用see a doctor表示。表示。(3)speak/say/talk/tell表示表示“说说”(4)感官动词感官动词look/taste/sound/feel/smell(5)borrow/lend/keep表示表示“借借”(6)hope/wish/expect(7)f

3、orget/leave(8)hear/listen/sound(9)wear/put on/dress/in(10)reach/get/arrive常见易混动词辨析常见易混动词辨析考生经常在同义词、近义词、形近词辨析这几点上触雷。考生经常在同义词、近义词、形近词辨析这几点上触雷。1Last night they _ home at_12：00. Areach; behind Bgot; aroundCgot; about Darrive at; aboutC2Our English teacher often _ we can speak Chinese when we _with her.

4、Aspeaks; say Btalks; talkCsays; talk Dtells; speakC3(2017襄阳中考襄阳中考)Great! Our womens volleyball team _ the gold medal in Rio Olympic Games on Saturday! Yes. We see the great spirit of Chinese womens volleyball team once again! Awon Bbeat Clost DmissedA4(2017凉山中考凉山中考)Wow, your sweater is very beautifu

5、l! Thank you. I bought it two days ago. It _ me $50. Atook Bcost Cpaid DspentB5Waiter, theres a fly(苍蝇苍蝇) swimming in my soup. So what do you _ me to do, call a lifeguard(救生员救生员)? Awarn BexpectCinvite DencourageB6(2017盐城中考盐城中考)China has seen a trend(潮流潮流) of _ shared bikes since last year. Aride Bri

6、dingCtake DtakingB7(2017天津中考天津中考)The cheese doesnt _ good. Why dont we go to buy some fresh cheese? Sounds great! Asee Bfind Csound DtasteD8(2017海南中考海南中考)I _ sick. I may have a fever. Youd better go to see a doctor. Afeel Blook CsoundA考点考点2 动词短语辨析动词短语辨析常考的动词短语辨析有三种：常考的动词短语辨析有三种：第一种是同一动词的不同搭配；第一种是同一动

7、词的不同搭配；第二种是同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配；第二种是同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配；第三种是完全不同的动词短语。第三种是完全不同的动词短语。(1)同一动词的不同搭配同一动词的不同搭配look短语短语look after照料；照顾照料；照顾look at看看look for寻找；寻求寻找；寻求look forward to盼望；期待盼望；期待look out注意；当心；向外看注意；当心；向外看look through快速查看；浏览快速查看；浏览look up(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅；抬头看查阅；抬头看look up to钦佩；仰慕钦佩；仰慕look短

8、语辨析短语辨析look构成的各种动词短语比较难辨析，考生经常在这一点构成的各种动词短语比较难辨析，考生经常在这一点上触雷。上触雷。cut短语短语cut down砍倒砍倒cut off切除切除cut out删除；删去删除；删去cut up切碎切碎run短语短语run after追逐；追赶追逐；追赶run away跑开跑开run out (of)用尽；耗尽用尽；耗尽turn短语短语turn down调低调低turn up调高调高turn. . . into变成变成turn on接通接通(电流、煤气、水等电流、煤气、水等)；打开；打开turn off关掉关掉turn left/right向左向左/右

9、转右转take短语短语take after(外貌或行为外貌或行为)像像take care of照顾；处理照顾；处理take down拆除；往下拽；记录拆除；往下拽；记录take in吸入；吞入吸入；吞入(体内体内)take off脱下；起飞脱下；起飞take place发生；出现发生；出现take up (尤指为消遣尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做学着做；开始做get短语短语get dressed穿上衣服穿上衣服get into陷入；参与陷入；参与get lost迷路迷路get off下车下车get on 上车上车get on with与与相处相处get up起床；站起起床；站起use短语短语be/

10、get used to习惯于习惯于be used to do被用来做被用来做used to曾经曾经；过去；过去give短语短语give away赠送；捐赠赠送；捐赠give out分发；散发分发；散发give up放弃放弃give in屈服屈服call短语短语call (sb. ) back(给某人给某人)回电话回电话call in召来；叫来召来；叫来call up打电话给打电话给(某人某人)；征召；征召come短语短语come true实现；成为现实实现；成为现实come up with想出；提出想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等主意、计划、回答等)bring短语短语bring back恢复；使

11、想起；归还恢复；使想起；归还bring out使显现；使表现出使显现；使表现出fall短语短语fall asleep进入梦乡；睡着进入梦乡；睡着fall down突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌fall in love爱上；喜欢上爱上；喜欢上fall over绊倒绊倒go短语短语go along (the street) 沿着沿着(这条街这条街)走走go off (闹钟闹钟)发出响声发出响声go out外出外出(娱乐娱乐)make短语短语make sure确保；查明确保；查明make up编造编造(故事、谎言等故事、谎言等)put短语短语put on增加增加(体重体重)；发胖；发胖pu

12、t off推迟推迟put up搭起；举起；张贴搭起；举起；张贴put away收拾收拾(整理整理)好好put sth. to good use好好利用某物好好利用某物put out熄灭熄灭set短语短语set out出发；启程出发；启程set up建起；建立建起；建立(2)同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配同一副词或介词与不同动词的搭配up短语短语call up打电话给打电话给(某人某人)；征召；征召cheer up(使使)变得更高兴；振奋起来变得更高兴；振奋起来clean up打扫打扫(或清除或清除)干净干净cut up切碎切碎dress up装扮；乔装打扮装扮；乔装打扮end up最终成为；最

13、后处于最终成为；最后处于fix up修理；装饰修理；装饰give up放弃放弃grow up长大；成熟长大；成熟hurry up赶快；急忙赶快；急忙look up查找查找make up编造编造(故事、谎言等故事、谎言等)pick up捡起；接电话捡起；接电话put up搭起；举起搭起；举起set up建起；建立建起；建立 show up赶到；露面赶到；露面stay up熬夜熬夜take up (尤指为消遣尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做；占据学着做；开始做；占据wake up醒；叫醒醒；叫醒out短语短语blow out吹灭吹灭bring out使显现；使表现出使显现；使表现出check out察看

14、；观察察看；观察clear out清理；丢掉清理；丢掉find out查明；弄清查明；弄清give out分发；散发分发；散发go out外出外出(娱乐娱乐)hand out分发分发hang out闲逛；常去某处闲逛；常去某处lay out摆开；布置摆开；布置leave out不包括；不提及；忽略不包括；不提及；忽略run out (of) 用尽；耗尽用尽；耗尽sell out卖光卖光set out出发；启程出发；启程work out成功地发展；解决成功地发展；解决down短语短语die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失逐渐变弱；逐渐消失let. . . down使失望使失望lie down躺下躺下

15、pull. . . down拆下；摧毁拆下；摧毁write down写下；记录下写下；记录下with短语短语agree with. . . 同意；赞成同意；赞成compare. . . with比较；对比比较；对比connect. . . with. . . 把把和和连接或联系起来连接或联系起来deal with应付；处理应付；处理part with放弃、交出放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西尤指不舍得的东西)(3)完全不同的动词词组完全不同的动词词组ask for请求；恳求请求；恳求(给予给予)care for照顾；非常喜欢照顾；非常喜欢believe in信任；信赖信任；信赖care about

16、关心；在意关心；在意clean. . . off把把擦掉擦掉depend on依靠；信赖依靠；信赖divide. . . into把把分成分成separate from分开；分离分开；分离hear from接到接到(某人的某人的)信、电话等信、电话等throw away扔掉；抛弃扔掉；抛弃drop by顺便访问；随便进入顺便访问；随便进入stick to坚持；固守坚持；固守pay attention to注意；关注注意；关注pass by路过；经过路过；经过pay for付费；付出代价付费；付出代价prepare for为为做准备做准备pull together齐心协力；通力合作齐心协力；通力

17、合作shut off关闭；停止运转关闭；停止运转take the place of代替；替换代替；替换think of认为认为9(2017安徽中考安徽中考)Our geography teacher told us to _ more information about our city and share it next week. Afind out Bkeep awayCturn off Duse upA10(2017山西中考山西中考)When youre invited to have dinner at home by an American friend, you should b

18、e _ or a little later. Its different from our Chinese custom. Aon time Bon business Con showA11(2017盐城中考盐城中考)To athletes, the most important thing is not to win a gold or a sliver, but to _ Atake part Btake noticeCtake place Dtake careA12(2017孝感中考孝感中考)Whats the meaning of “The Belt and Road”？Let me

19、_ the words in the new dictionary. Alook at Blook forClook after Dlook upD13(2017贵港中考贵港中考)What should we do for the disabled children? You should _ a study group to help them. Atake up Bset up Clook up Dput upB14(2017贵港中考贵港中考)Im going to Hong Kong next month. What about you, Jenny? I will _social pr

20、actice. Atake part in Btake placeCtake off Dtake actionA15(2017贵阳中考贵阳中考)We should not _ trees in order to make our environment more beautiful. Awrite down Bcut downCturn downB16(2017河南中考河南中考)Dont you know where your kids are in the house? Turn off the Internet and theyll _quickly. Aget up Bstand upC

21、show up Dhurry upC17(2017南通中考南通中考)Make sure you have prepared everything well before you _ the plan. Atry on Bbreak downCthink of Dcarry outD18(2017荆州中考荆州中考)Whats the news about? People near the lake didnt allow them to _ a factory so as not to pollute the water. Alook up Bput upCtake up Dset upD19(

22、2017宜昌中考宜昌中考)What do you think is important for the players on a team? Its to play together and _ the best in each other. Abring out Blook upCbelieve in Dblow outA20(2017连云港中考连云港中考)Have you heard of the big fire that broke out on Huaguo Mountain at the Qingming Festival? Yes. Luckily, hundreds of fi

23、remen went there and _ the fire immediately. Aput off Bput awayCput down Dput outD21(2017苏州中考苏州中考)As soon as she _ at home, Sally knew she had bought the wrong dress. Ahanded it in Btried it onCcut it out Dmade it upB考点考点3 情态动词情态动词(1)情态动词过去式与原形相比，表示更委婉的语气。情态动词过去式与原形相比，表示更委婉的语气。(2)mustnt表示否定意义，意为表示否定

24、意义，意为“禁止，不允许禁止，不允许”。(3)have to有人称、数和时态的变化，表示受客观条件有人称、数和时态的变化，表示受客观条件限制，意为限制，意为“不得不不得不”。She has to take the bus to work. 她不得不坐公共汽车去上班。她不得不坐公共汽车去上班。(4)“May. . . ？”句式的否定回答是句式的否定回答是“No, . . . cant. ”。“Must. . . ？”句式的否定回答是句式的否定回答是“No, . . . neednt. /. . . dont have to. ”。22(2017安徽中考安徽中考)Mum, Ive signed f

25、or the box. Whats in it? Im not sure. It _ be a present from your uncle. Aneed Bmust Cmay DwillC23(2017北京中考北京中考) _ I hand in the report today? No, you neednt. ACan BMust CShall DCould24(2017福建中考福建中考)Mum, may I go swimming now? Yes, dear, but remember that you _ go with your dad. Amay Bcan CmustBC25(

26、2017兰州中考兰州中考)Will Jim fly to Taiwan for a holiday? He _ try. In fact, it depends on how much the journey costs. Amay Bhas to Cneed DmustA26(2017武威中考武威中考)I wonder if these are Dannys glasses? They _ be Dannys. He doesnt wear glasses. Acant Bmust Cmustnt DcanA27(2017安顺中考安顺中考)Must I stay here with you,

27、 Mum? No, you _ . You may go home now, but you_ go to the netbar. Amustnt; neednt Bneednt; mustntCmust; need Dneed; mustB28(2017龙东中考龙东中考)Look! The man at the school gate _ be our headmaster. He is always standing there to welcome us every morning. No, it _ be him. He is holding a meeting in the offi

28、ce now. Amust; cant Bmust; mustntCcant; mustntA29(2017黄石中考黄石中考)Janet is sleeping at home. She _ be. I went for a walk with her just now. Acant Bmustnt Cneednt DwontA30(2017荆州中考荆州中考)Sixty dollars for such a Tshirt! You _ be joking! Im serious. Its made of silk from Hangzhou. Amust Bneed Cwill Dcan A3

29、1(2017咸宁中考咸宁中考)Its said that nuclear power will be used to produce electricity in Xianning. However, nuclear power _ be very dangerous. Acan BneedCmust DshouldA32(2017温州中考温州中考)Weve ordered too much food. I _ eat any more. Never mind. Lets take it home. Acant BmustntCneednt DshouldntA33(2017重庆中考重庆中考)

30、Robert, could you wash the car for me? Yes, I _ . Im coming, Dad. Acould Bcouldnt Ccan DcantC考点考点4 系动词系动词系动词本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和表语一起系动词本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和表语一起构成谓语，说明主语的身份、性质、特征等。构成谓语，说明主语的身份、性质、特征等。34(2016济南中考济南中考)Do you like the songs by Taylor? Yes. Country music _ nice and full of feelings. Asounds

31、Blistens Chears DlooksA35Excuse me. Id like a Christmas gift for my friend. What about this pair of gloves? It _ beautiful. Afeels BlooksCseems DbecomesB36The two boys _ fond of the new toy bought by their father. Abe Bam Cis Dare37Almost all the water _ gone. Please save water! Aare Bis Chave Dwere

32、DB考点考点5 助动词助动词(1)助动词助动词be(2)助动词助动词do有人称和时态的变化，主要用来构成谓语是实义动词的有人称和时态的变化，主要用来构成谓语是实义动词的句子的否定句、疑问句或对谓语动词进行强调。句子的否定句、疑问句或对谓语动词进行强调。Do you know China well？你很了解中国吗？你很了解中国吗？Did your father call you yesterday？你爸爸昨天给你打电话了吗？你爸爸昨天给你打电话了吗？(3)助动词助动词have与过去分词构成各种时态。与过去分词构成各种时态。You havent been abroad before, have y

33、ou？你以前没出过国，是不是？你以前没出过国，是不是？38(2017鄂州中考鄂州中考)He didnt go to school late yesterday, did he? _ ， though it rained hard yesterday. ANo, he didnt BYes, he didntCYes, he did DNo, he didA39(2017永州中考永州中考)David, _ make trouble at school. Acant Bdont CdoesntB40Mr. Smiths plane _ . Lets wait for him here. Ahasnt arrivedBdidnt arriveCdoesnt arriveDcouldnt arriveA