it的常见用法(42张PPT)课件.ppt

1、Its 10:08Its lovely It weighs only 3 kilosIts a large sum of moneyIt was nearly midnight when she came back.When is it？/What time is it?It was very quiet in the caf.It is half an hours walk to the city centre. Who is it? -Its me.Her face lighted when she saw who it was. It doesnt matter. /It is a sh

2、ame, isnt it?指时间指时间:指环境指环境:指距离：指距离：指不知性别的人指不知性别的人：指某件事：指某件事：基本用法基本用法: :it可用来指代前文提到的人可用来指代前文提到的人,物或事情物或事情,也可也可以用来指时间以用来指时间,金钱金钱,距离距离,天气等自然现象天气等自然现象 It can be used as impersonal pronouns to talk about time, date, distance or weather and so on. Suddenly _began to rain. He found _ hard to walk there. Th

3、en he took a bus home. Unfortunately _ went wrong. When he got home, he was wet through. Thus _ was a day that he would never forget.itititit _ was a sunny day. Peter decided to go for a walk to the park, though _ was two miles away. _ was so comfortable to walk on the street. ItitIt 1.S+ think + it

4、 + necessary +( for sb. ) to do sth. The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.(05全国)A. that B. it C. this D. himSentence patterns:B find possiblefeelimportant /that形式宾语形式宾语 2. S+V+ it + ones duty+( for sb. ) to do sth. /that 3. S + V + it + no good + doing s

5、th. no use 形式宾语形式宾语I think it his duty to clean the blackboard.Sentence patterns:a rule an honour find possible1. S+ think + it + necessary +( for sb. ) to do sth. /that feel important Sentence patterns:Sentence patterns:形式宾语形式宾语 a rule2. S+ V + it + ones duty + ( for sb. ) to do sth. /that an honou

6、r 3. S + V + it + no good + doing sth. no use I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(04全国)A. this B. that C. it D. one点拨点拨: :这是这是it it作形式宾语的一种特殊用法作形式宾语的一种特殊用法. .少数动词少数动词( (如如like, like, love, enjoy, dislike, hate, appreciatelove, enjoy, dislike, hate, appreciate（欣赏、领会（欣赏、领会) )等

7、或包含介词的动词短语等或包含介词的动词短语( (如如see to, depend onsee to, depend on等等) )后接宾后接宾语从句语从句, ,必须先由必须先由it it担任形式宾语担任形式宾语, ,再接从句再接从句. .1.I like (enjoy, hate) it when2.I would appreciate it if3.see to (depend on) it thatSentence patterns:C形式宾语形式宾语1.It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview. Having the answe

8、rs ready will be of great help.2. The Foreign Minister said, “It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”3. It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.形式主语形式主语高考真题高考真题 1. It is clear ( obvious， true， possible， certain.) that . 该句型中该句型中it 是形式主语是形式主

9、语，真正的主语是真正的主语是that 引导引导的主语从句，常译为的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然，真的，肯清楚（显然，真的，肯定）定）”是主语从句最常见的一种结构。是主语从句最常见的一种结构。 It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. = That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. 2. It is important ( necessary， strange， natural.) that . 该句型和上一个同属一个句型；由于主句中的形该句型和上一个同属一个句型；由于主句

10、中的形容词不同，容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气后的从句中要用虚拟语气.It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 3. It is said (reported,thought,believed.) that . It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into

11、 orbit. 4. It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded. ) that . 该句型和上一个同属一个句型，主句中的过去分该句型和上一个同属一个句型，主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that后的从后的从句要用虚拟语气（句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形）动词原形），should 可以省；常译为可以省；常译为“据建议；有命令）据建议；有命令） It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was or

12、dered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. 5. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . 该句型中，该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动动词原形），词原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常译为竟可省去表示出乎意料，常译为竟然。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。然。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. It is a pity that

13、 he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！他生病了，真遗憾！ 6. It is time ( about time ，high time ) that . 该句型中该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是 常用过去时态表示虚拟常用过去时态表示虚拟 有时也用有时也用should + 动词动词原形，原形，should 不能省，常译为不能省，常译为“是（正是）的时是（正是）的时侯侯” It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. 7

14、. It is the first ( second . ) time that sb has/have done sthIt was the first time that sb had done sthIt is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. 8. It is . since .。 该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题，主句中是时间作表语，其时时间的时间状语连用的问题，主句中是时间作

15、表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，态是现在时或完成时，since 引导的从句通常是一般过去引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。用过去完成时。 It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died. 9. It is . when .。 该句型中的该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常指时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常译为当的时候，是译为当的时候，是 It was 5

16、 oclock when he came here. 10. It be . before . 该句型主句中的该句型主句中的 it 指时间，指时间， 主句中的时态常是将来一般主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态主句中的表语多是时或过去时两种时态主句中的表语多是long， not long ， 3 days ， 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语，等表示时间段的词或短语，常译为常译为“之后之后”。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job. 11. It

17、 happens (seems， appears) that. 该句型中该句型中it是形式主语，是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，引导的是主语从句，主句中的主句中的happen ， seem等词是不及物动词。等词是不及物动词。 It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧碰巧. It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看看来来 12. It takes sb. . to do sth. It took thousands of people ma

18、ny years to build the Great Wall. 13. It is no good (use ) doing sth. 该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是语可以是no good ， ( not any good ) ， no use ， ( not any use )。 It is no good learning English without speaking English. 14. It doesnt matter whether ( if ) . 该句型中该句型中whether(if) 引导的从句是真正主语

19、，该引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为不论（是否）没关句型常译为不论（是否）没关系。系。It doesnt matter if they are old. 15. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。 常见的有：常见的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ， good （好心的

20、），（好心的）， honest ， horrible ， kind ， lazy ， modest ， naughty ， nice（有教养的），（有教养的）， polite， rude ， silly ， stupid ， wise ， wrong（错误的）等。（错误的）等。 这个句型这个句型可以改写为：可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。 It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. 16. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 该句型与上一个同属一个句型，如果不

21、定式的逻辑主语该句型与上一个同属一个句型，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。 常见的形容词有：常见的形容词有： important， necessary， natural easy ， safe ， common ， normal ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， unusual， rare ， impossible ， pleasant等等。 在在中的形容词作表中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写，语可以

22、用从句改写， 如：如： It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party. possibleIt is / was + adj. necessary + ( for sb. ) to do sth. / clause important ones duty It +is /was + n. ones hope + that /( for sb. ) to do sth. an honour saidIt is / was p.p. known

23、+ that-clause believed 形式主语形式主语It is the ability to do the job_ matters not where you come from or what you are. A. one B. that C. what D. itIt is / was + 被强调的部分被强调的部分 +that / who+句子其他句子其他成分成分强调句型强调句型高考真题高考真题.it的重要句型的重要句型1. It is + 被强调部分被强调部分 + that . 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于

24、其它部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以是主语，宾之后，被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是人，语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是人，that可以由可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。方法。 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. It was they that (who ) clean

25、ed the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father. 2. It is not until + 被强调部分被强调部分 + that . 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语直到才，可以说是译成汉语直到才，可以说是 not . until . 的强调形式。的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. =

26、Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. It was _ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that h

27、e went D. until midnight when he didnt go In which play is _ your brother appears? A. that where B. this when C. it that D. it where It was in the lab _ was taken charge of by Professor Zhang _ they did the experiment. A. where; that B. which ; where C. that ; where D. which; that强调句型强调句型被强调的部被强调的部分

28、是分是not until引导的时间引导的时间 状语状语强调句型用于疑强调句型用于疑问句问句, , 被强调的被强调的部分是特殊疑问部分是特殊疑问词或从句引导词词或从句引导词In which play is it that?It is thatIs it that?I dont know in which play it is that强调句型和强调句型和各种从句各种从句高考热点高考热点在一些固定用法中考查在一些固定用法中考查常见的固定用法有常见的固定用法有: make it 成功，安排在或定在某时间成功，安排在或定在某时间forget it 别提了，忘了它吧别提了，忘了它吧Dont mentio

29、n it 别提了，表示不用谢别提了，表示不用谢It doesnt matter 没关系没关系It(That) depends 视情况而定视情况而定You guessed it 你猜着了你猜着了Its hard to say 很难说很难说 Its up to you to do sth.由你来决定做某事由你来决定做某事 It could be in the restaurant in_ y o u h a d d i n n e r w i t h m e yesterday_ you left behind your keys and wallet.高考试题解析高考试题解析 the resta

30、urant (in_ you had dinner with me yesterday) whichin the restaurantthatThe Usage of “it”基本用法基本用法常见用法常见用法特殊用法特殊用法三个考点三个考点三个句型三个句型三个句型三个句型强调句型强调句型形式主语形式主语形式宾语形式宾语Summary1. (2005, 全国全国) The doctor advised Vesa strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help. A. it B. she C. which D. he 正确答案：正

31、确答案：A。根据句意：医生的建议未起作用。根据句意：医生的建议未起作用。it代替整个句子。代替整个句子。 2. (2004,全国全国) -Do you like_here? -Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is nice. A. this B. these C. that D. It 正确答案：正确答案：D。根据下文，提问者不能确定被问者喜欢什么，。根据下文，提问者不能确定被问者喜欢什么，it用用于不确定指代或模糊指代。于不确定指代或模糊指代。 3. (2000,上海上海) Someone is ringi

32、ng the doorbell. Go and see_. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 正确答案：正确答案：D。说话时，不知道对方的性别。注意在宾语从句中。说话时，不知道对方的性别。注意在宾语从句中需用陈述语序。需用陈述语序。 4. (2007, 全国全国)Have you heard the latest news? No, what _? A. is it B. is there C. are they D. are those 正确答案：正确答案：A。it指代上文提及的指代上文提及的latest news。5.

33、(2006,全国全国) If I can help _, I dont like working late into the night. A. so B. that C. it D. them 正确答案：正确答案：C。help是是“阻止、避免阻止、避免”的意思，的意思，it指代下文的事指代下文的事情。情。6. (2002,北京北京) -He was nearly drowned once.-When was _? -_ was in 1998 when he was in Middle School. A. that, It B. this, This C. this, It D. that

34、, This 正确答案：正确答案：A。it指时间。指时间。 7. (2005，浙江，浙江) Weve been looking at the houses but havent found _ we like yet. A. one B. ones C. it D.them 正确答案：正确答案：A。表示任意一幢房子。表示任意一幢房子。 8.（2005，江苏），江苏）Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city. A. ones B. one C. that D. tho

35、se 正确答案：正确答案：C。分析语境和逻辑关系可以知道：该空指代。分析语境和逻辑关系可以知道：该空指代the air，且有且有in the city后置定语修饰。后置定语修饰。9. (2004,北京北京) The Foreign Minister said, “_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace. A、This is B、There is C、That is D、It is 正确答案：正确答案：D由句意易知：由句意易知：that从句是真正的主语从句是真正的主语;it为形式主语。为形式主语。10. (2005,上海上海)_

36、in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires 正 确 答 案 ：正 确 答 案 ： C 。 i t 为 形 式 主 语 ， 在 此 结 构 中为 形 式 主 语 ， 在 此 结 构 中 d o n e 为为required/suggested/demanded/recommended等时，从句必等时，从句必须用须用s

37、hould + 动词原形，且动词原形，且should可以省略。可以省略。11. (2004,上海春上海春) It was foolish of him to _ his notes during that important test, and as a result, he got punished. A. stick to B. refer to C. keep to D. point to 正确答案：正确答案：B。短语辨析题，短语辨析题，refer to有有“参考参考”的意思，符的意思，符合句意。合句意。12. (2006,全国全国) It is no _ arguing with Bi

38、ll because he will never change his mind. A. use B. help C. time D. way 分析：正确答案：分析：正确答案：A。为固定结构。为固定结构。13. (2007,天津天津)He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held. A. this B. that C. it D. these 正确答案：正确答案：C。it为形式宾语，为形式宾语，clear后的从句为真正的宾语。后的从句为真正的宾语。14. (2006,湖南湖南)As the busiest woman

39、 in Norton, she made _ her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town. A. this B. that C. one D. it 正确答案：正确答案：D。真正宾语为不定式。真正宾语为不定式。 15. (2005,江苏江苏)Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York? I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to. A.will not be sent; th

40、at B. not be sent; thatC. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what 正确答案：正确答案：B。表示表示“理应如此理应如此”需用需用should动词原形，动词原形，should可以省略。在做可以省略。在做it形式宾语和形式主语的复合句中如果形式宾语和形式主语的复合句中如果从句表示的是从句表示的是“惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此”等含义时，需用等含义时，需用should动词原形，动词原形，should可以省略。可以省略。16、(2004,全国全国) I like _ in the autumn when

41、 the weather is clear and bright. A、this B、that C、it D、one 正确答案：正确答案：C。love/enjoy/hate和和like的用法相同，后接宾语的用法相同，后接宾语 从句时需用从句时需用it作形式宾语，宾语从句后置。作形式宾语，宾语从句后置。 17、(2003,上海上海) I would appreciate it _ you call back this afternoon for the doctors appointment.A、until B、if C、when D、that正确答案：正确答案：B。18. (1998，上海，上

42、海) Dont _ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful. A. take as granted B. take this for granted C. take that for granted D. take it for granted 正确答案：正确答案：D。take it for granted that 意为：想当然的认意为：想当然的认为某事。为某事。it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为为形式宾语，真正的宾语为that从句。另外我们也应从

43、句。另外我们也应该注意：该注意：depend(rely) on it（相信某事）和（相信某事）和see to it（负责某（负责某事）的用法。事）的用法。 19. (2008,全国全国) It was in New Zealand _ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. A. that B. how C. which D. when 正确答案：正确答案：A。将。将it was去掉句子结构完整，易知是考查去掉句子结构完整，易知是考查it的强的强调句型。调句型。20. (2004,福建福建) It was with great joy _ he received the

44、news that his lost daughter had been found. A. because B. which C. since D. that正确答案：正确答案：D。 21. (1997,全国全国) Was it _ that I saw last night at the concert? A. you B. not you C. yourself D. that yourself 正确答案：正确答案：A。强调句型的一般疑问式的基本结构为：。强调句型的一般疑问式的基本结构为：Is/Was it+被强调部分被强调部分+that将该句恢复为陈述语序，去掉将该句恢复为陈述语序，去

45、掉It is/wasthat结构，易判断是强调结构，易判断是强调you的强调句型。的强调句型。22. Is _student _was caught smoking in the classroom? A. it that, that B. that it, it C. it it, that D. it which, that 正确答案：正确答案：A。 23. (2004,上海上海) Why! I have nothing to confess. _ you want me to say? A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it

46、that D. How it is that 正确答案：正确答案：A。强调句型的特殊疑问式的基本结构为：。强调句型的特殊疑问式的基本结构为：wh- +is/was it that +其它成分，故选其它成分，故选B。24. (2005,山东山东)-_ that he managed to get the information? -Oh, a friend of his helped him. A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it 正确答案：正确答案：C。 25. (2007,浙江浙江) It _ we had st

47、ayed together for a couple of weeks _ I found we had a lot in common. A. was; when B. was that; that C. wasnt until; when D. wasnt until; that 正确答案：正确答案：D。易判断这是考查。易判断这是考查not until的强调形式。的强调形式。 26. (2008，重庆，重庆) It was not until midnight _ they reached the camp site. A. that B. when C. while D. as 正确答案

48、：正确答案：A。 27. (2007,山东山东)Where did you get to know her?It was on the farm _we worked. A. that B. there C. which D. where正确答案：正确答案：D。答句完整形式应为：。答句完整形式应为：It was on the farm where we worked that I got to know her.28. -Who made such a stupid mistake?-_Tom. A. It was B. He was C. That was D. There was 正确答案

49、：正确答案：A。答句完整形式应为：。答句完整形式应为：It was Tom who made such a stupid mistake.29. It was the university _ he was teaching _ sent him to America. A. which; that B. where; that C. that; which D. that; had 正确答案：正确答案：B。本题是考查：。本题是考查：it was +university + 引导的定语引导的定语从句从句+ that。30. (2007,陕西陕西) It is not who is right

50、but what is right _ is of importance. A. which B. it C. that D. this正确答案：正确答案：C。本题是考查强调句型和名词性从句连用。本题是考查强调句型和名词性从句连用。31. (2006,辽宁辽宁) It was after he got what he had desired _ he realized it was not so important. A. that B. when C. since D. as 正确答案：正确答案：A。本题是考查强调句型和状语从句连用。本题是考查强调句型和状语从句连用。32. It might