[高考英语复习]-语法填空考点(连、介、冠、代)(共20张PPT)课件.pptx

1、考点考点1考点考点4（连、介、冠、代）（连、介、冠、代） 语法填空主要语法填空主要考查考生在阅读理解的基础上运考查考生在阅读理解的基础上运用语法的能力。共用语法的能力。共10小题，每小题小题，每小题1.5分。在一篇分。在一篇200词左右的短文中留出词左右的短文中留出10个空白，部分空白的后面个空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文在空白在空白处填写处填写1个适当的单词个适当的单词或或所给单词的正确形式所给单词的正确形式。填填1个适当的单词个适当的单词纯空格纯空格所给单词的正确形式所给单词的正确形式给词题给词题语法语法填空填空其比例通常为

2、其比例通常为3:7，仅仅2016年年卷为卷为4:6。1个词个词(动词原形动词原形)、 2个词个词(不定式、时态语态不定式、时态语态)。 关于纯空格关于纯空格考什么？考什么？怎么考？怎么考？如何应考？如何应考？在语填里以纯空格题形式出现，只能填在语填里以纯空格题形式出现，只能填一个词。一个词。主要考查连词、介词和冠词主要考查连词、介词和冠词；掌握：掌握：并列连词和三大从句连接词；常见介词并列连词和三大从句连接词；常见介词短语；冠词的基本用法；代词短语；冠词的基本用法；代词it句子结构、句子意思的完整性、前后句句子结构、句子意思的完整性、前后句子之间的逻辑关系；子之间的逻辑关系；考点考点1: 连词

3、连词全国全国I卷卷 201920182017that名从名从that /which定从定从which定从定从全国全国II卷卷 201920182017but并列并列that /which定从定从全国全国III卷卷 201920182017that /who定从定从who名从名从who定从定从考点分析考点分析三大从句中，定语从句考查最多！三大从句中，定语从句考查最多！1. 并并列连词：列连词：and，or，but，while(而而)，when (=just at that time)2. 从从句连词：引导定语从句、状语句连词：引导定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句的连词从句、名词性从句的连词考考 定

4、语从句：定语从句：跟在名词后跟在名词后，连接词，连接词指代指代所修饰名词，且在从所修饰名词，且在从句中充当成分（主语、宾语、状语），连接词无句中充当成分（主语、宾语、状语），连接词无what! 状语从句：从句主谓（宾）都齐全，连接词在从句中状语从句：从句主谓（宾）都齐全，连接词在从句中仅作仅作状语状语（表示时间、条件、地点、原因、结果（表示时间、条件、地点、原因、结果）。）。 同位语从句：同位语从句：跟在名词后跟在名词后，连接词在从句中不作成分；或，连接词在从句中不作成分；或充当成分但充当成分但不指代不指代所修饰名词。所修饰名词。 主语从句：一般位于句首，整个从句充当主语作用，从句主语从句：一

5、般位于句首，整个从句充当主语作用，从句中也可能缺成分；中也可能缺成分； 宾语从句：常位于及物动词或介词后，整个从句充当宾语宾语从句：常位于及物动词或介词后，整个从句充当宾语作用，从句中也可能缺成分；作用，从句中也可能缺成分； 表语从句：位于系动词后，整个从句充当表语作用，从句表语从句：位于系动词后，整个从句充当表语作用，从句中也可能缺成分；中也可能缺成分；1. (2019年全国年全国卷卷61) While they are rare north of 88, there is evidence _ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as

6、 far south as James Bay in Canada.2. (2019年全国年全国卷卷67) I work not because I have to, _ because I want to.3. (2019年全国年全国卷卷64) They were well trained by their masters _ had great experience with caring for these animals.思路点拨思路点拨：1.并列的两个或几个单词、短语或句子之间并列的两个或几个单词、短语或句子之间没有连词没有连词填恰当的并列连词；填恰当的并列连词；2. 当空格前后都是

7、句子当空格前后都是句子(一个主谓关系算一个句子一个主谓关系算一个句子)，且，且这两个句子间没有连接词这两个句子间没有连接词确定从句类型，填连接词。确定从句类型，填连接词。thatbutthat/who同从，同从，that不指代不指代evidencenotbut 不是不是而是而是定从，从句缺主语，定从，从句缺主语，that/who指代指代masters考点考点2: 介词介词全国全国I卷卷 2019 20182017of/forthanas全国全国II卷卷 20192018 2017than from全国全国III卷卷 2019 2018 2017offor in思路思路点拨点拨：当空格后的名词当

8、空格后的名词(前面一般有限定词前面一般有限定词)、代词或动名词、代词或动名词在句中不是作主语、表语，也不是作动词的宾语时，那就是作在句中不是作主语、表语，也不是作动词的宾语时，那就是作介词的宾语，即填介词。介词的宾语，即填介词。具体填什么介词具体填什么介词, 由介词的搭配来决定由介词的搭配来决定。考点分析考点分析固定短语中的介词固定短语中的介词 (focus on，be tired of，in need等等)一般介词一般介词(at，in，on，as，to，by，from，for，with等等)考考1. (2019年全国年全国卷卷63) Modern methods _ tracking pol

9、ar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s.2. (2019年全国年全国卷卷63) We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _ dogs, seven to be exact.3. (2017全国全国卷卷62) The first underground passenger railway allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and

10、 _ work.4. (2016全国全国卷卷64) Most of us are more focused _ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. 5. (2016全国全国卷卷70) In India, for example, most people traditionally eat _ their hands.对短语中的介词需高度重视！对短语中的介词需高度重视！methods of/for doing sth. “的方法的方法”a pack of “一群一群”to and from work“上下班上下班”be f

11、ocused on集中精力于集中精力于with表示表示“用用”考点考点3: 冠词冠词全国全国I卷卷 2019 20182017thea全国全国II卷卷 20192018 2017athethe全国全国III卷卷 2019 2018 2017the a思路思路点拨点拨：当纯空格在没有限定词的名词前，特别是单数可数：当纯空格在没有限定词的名词前，特别是单数可数名词前，通常填冠词，根据语境及定冠词与不定冠词的基本用名词前，通常填冠词，根据语境及定冠词与不定冠词的基本用法选用恰当的冠词法选用恰当的冠词。 (注：限定词主要是指冠词、形容词性物主注：限定词主要是指冠词、形容词性物主代词，以及代词，以及so

12、me, any, another等不定代词等不定代词)考点分析考点分析考考定冠词定冠词the: 特指特指; 固定短语中固定短语中不定冠词不定冠词a/an：泛指；固定：泛指；固定短语中短语中1. (2019年全国年全国卷卷69) Of _ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.2. (2019年全国年全国卷卷69) When we got a call saying she wa

13、s short-listed, we thought it was _ joke.3. (2018年全国年全国卷卷62) Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.4. (2018年全国年全国卷卷62) Unexpectedly, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at _ top of her lungs.5. (2017全国全国卷卷65) As

14、 _result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.theathethea冠词冠词 特指泛指要分清，固定搭配记在心！特指泛指要分清，固定搭配记在心！特指特指泛指泛指特指特指固定搭配固定搭配固定搭配固定搭配考点考点4: 代词代词1. 当当括号中所给词是人称代词时括号中所给词是人称代词时,可能是填可能是填：(1) 宾格形式宾格形式(2) 形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词(3) 名词性物主代词名词性物主代词(4) 反身代词。反身代词。考点分析考点分析2. 在纯空格题中填：在纯空格题中填：(1

15、) it (2)人称代词主格人称代词主格(3)不定代词不定代词高考题至高考题至今只要求考生在宾语位置填今只要求考生在宾语位置填it。人称代词表要记熟人称代词表要记熟注意注意it 的用法的用法1. (2018年全国年全国卷卷70) If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give _ a try.2. (2018年全国年全国卷卷68) When the gorillas and I fri

16、ghtened each other, I was just glad to find _ (they) alive.3. (2017全国全国卷卷67) However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using _ every day.4. (2016全国全国卷卷68)On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejecte

17、d by _ (it) mother.it/runningthemitits介词介词固定短语中固定短语中的介词的介词&一般介词一般介词连词连词并列并列连词连词&三大从句连词三大从句连词代词代词冠词冠词固定短语中的定冠词固定短语中的定冠词&不定冠词不定冠词Summary 特别注意特别注意it。纯空格填纯空格填 什么什么?纯空格题主要考查连词、介词和冠词纯空格题主要考查连词、介词和冠词(助记：廉洁官助记：廉洁官)The more knowledge you master, the better you can do it!Homework（同步训练）（同步训练） 1. I was on my wa

18、y home after running some grocery shopping _ saw a small dog running 2. Overcome it _we will be able to achieve our goals.3. I couldnt imagine _ it is like to lose your home and everything that you know. 4. There once lived a boy named Woo Sing, _ father brought home a mirror. 5. It had been his dec

19、ision to take this optional computer programming course, _ didnt mean he wasnt eager to pass. In fact, he wanted to get a good mark. 6. He knew the answers to all the questions; all his hard work had paid off. It was not long _he finished all the questions.一、单句训练一、单句训练7. Looking back, I know the gre

20、atest difficulty on our way _ success is our fear. Overcome it and we will be able to achieve our goals.8. _ our excitement, our parade performance was a great success. 9. Brazil was named to host this important sporting event _ October, 2009.10. I didnt understand why this would happen and my credi

21、t card had already been charged _ the reservation. 11. I prefer country life _ city life.12. He took _ deep breath as he opened the exam paper handed to him.13. The students returned to school with _ sense of achievement, a feeling that they helped people in need. 14. So bright was _ moon that the f

22、lowers were bright as by day. 15. When I was walking down the street _ other day, I happened to find a small wallet lying there.16. After what seemed to be a hundred years, I found my audience applaudingI made _! From then on, my fear of talking before an audience disappeared.17. However, before I g

23、ot on the bike, I felt extremely nervous and I was afraid that I would fall off and hurt _ (me).18. They lived mostly on vegetables from _ (they) garden.19. I had an amazing conversation with the man who sat next to me, which made _ of us feel good.20.The frozen parts of the city also make _ easier

24、for residents to skate around. Hunter Adams spent many years in a special hospital for people with mental health problems, and he was unhappy. When he left hospital, he _1_ (go) to Medical School in Virginia, USA, where he did things in a different way. For example, when he visited his patients, he

25、wore shirts with _2_ (flower) on them in an effort to make them laugh. He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital, putting a special red nose on his face to look _3_ a clown (小丑小丑). Adams believed that people in hospital need _4_ (much) than medicine, trying _5_ (help) them not only as pat

26、ients, but also as people. When he finished medical school, he opened his own hospital called “The Gesundheit Institute”. He wanted _6_ to be a place with a special way of _7_ (communicate) with sick people. In 1998, Universal Pictures produced a film about Hunter Adams. It was very _8_ (success). I

27、n the film, Robin Williams played Adams. Williams said, “Hunter is a _9_ (true) warm person, believing that patients need a doctor _10_is a friend. I enjoyed playing with him.” 二、语篇训练二、语篇训练Thank you!Study happily, live healthily!Keys ：(单句训练单句训练) 1. and 2. and 3. what 4. whose 5. which 6. before 7. t

28、o 8. To 9. in 10. for 11. to 12. a 13. a 14. The 15. the 16. it 17. myself 18. their 19. both 20. it (语篇训练语篇训练) 本文讲了亨特本文讲了亨特亚当斯在医学院毕业后，开设了一家名为亚当斯在医学院毕业后，开设了一家名为“The Gesundheit Institute”的医院，他认为病人需要的不仅仅是药物，而是可以做朋友的医生。的医院，他认为病人需要的不仅仅是药物，而是可以做朋友的医生。1. went 考查时态。联系上下文可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填考查时态。联系上下文可知，此处应用一般过去

29、时，故填went。2. flowers 考查名词的数。由前面的考查名词的数。由前面的shirts可知此处应用复数形式。可知此处应用复数形式。3. like 考查介词。因考查介词。因look like为固定搭配，意为为固定搭配，意为“看起来像看起来像”。4. more 考查固定搭配。因考查固定搭配。因more than意为意为“不仅仅不仅仅/不止不止而已而已”。句意：亚当斯认。句意：亚当斯认为，医院里的人需要的不仅仅是药物而已。为，医院里的人需要的不仅仅是药物而已。5. to help 考查非谓语动词。考查非谓语动词。try后可跟不定式，也可跟动名词，此处表示后可跟不定式，也可跟动名词，此处表示

30、“尽力做某尽力做某事事”,所以应跟不定式。所以应跟不定式。try doing sth意为意为“尝试做某事尝试做某事”，含有试试看的意味。，含有试试看的意味。6. it 考查代词。指代前句中的考查代词。指代前句中的hospital。7. communicating 考查非谓语动词。在介词考查非谓语动词。在介词后用动名词。顺便提提，虽然也可用名词后用动名词。顺便提提，虽然也可用名词communication作宾语，但后有作宾语，但后有with sick people,所以只能用动名词所以只能用动名词communicating。8. successful 考查词类转换。作表语应用形容词，表示考查词类转换。作表语应用形容词，表示“成功的成功的”。9. truly 考查词类转换。修饰形容词考查词类转换。修饰形容词warm，应用副词。，应用副词。10. who/that 考查连词。引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词考查连词。引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词a doctor指人，故指人，故用用who或或that。