1、Endodonticsprocdure 1.Isolation 2. Root canal preparation 3. Root canal fillingRoot canal configurationIsolation The use of rubber dam is essential for good-quality endodontic treatment. With experience it can be placed quickly and efficiently, and it improves treatment for both operator and patient
2、. isolationRoot canal preparation1. Preoperative radiograph2. Location of access cavity3. Removal of the pulp chamber roof and coronal pulp tissue(1)Estimate length(2)Penetrate to the pulp chamber(3)Lift off the roof with a bur in a pulling action(4)Refine the access cavity 4.creating straight-line
3、access The completed access cavity gives straight-line access to all the canals. A well designed access cavity permits: (1) complete debridement of the pulp chamber (2) visualization of the pulp floor (3) unimpeded placement of instruments into the root canals (4) conservation of tooth tissue 5. Wor
4、king length determination The most widely accepted method of establishing working length has been with radiography. In this method, the working length is initially estimated by taking a measurement from an undistorted, preoperative radiograph.6. Root canal irrigationThe action of an irrigant include
5、:(1)Rinsing of debris(2) Lubrication of the canal system which facilitates instrumentation(3) Dissolution of remaining organic matter(4) Antibacterial properties(5) Softening and removing the smear layer(6) Penetrating into areas inaccessible to instruments, thereby extending the cleaning process. 7
6、. shaping and cleaning of the root canal system with instrumentation techniquesThe essentials of the coronal-apical approach to root canal cleaning and shaping are as follows:(1) Developemnt of straight-line access from the occlusal or lingual surface into the pulp chamber(2) Removal of all overhang
7、ing ledges from the pulp chamber roof(3) Removal of lingual ledges or cervical bulges formed due to the deposition of dentine in the cervical part of the tooth(4) Development of divergent walls in the pulp chamber from the cavosurface margin to the chamber floor(5) Cutting of a funnel-shaped prepara
8、tion, with its narrowest part located in the tooth apically.8. Temporary filling Materials for temporary sealing of endodontic access cavities include reinforced zinc oxide-eugenol and calcium sulphate-based materials.Root canal filling1. Material used to fill root canal(1)Sealers Zinc oxide-eugenol
9、 sealers Calcium hydroxide sealers(2) Gutta-percha Gutta-percha is a form of rubber and it is mixed with other materials to produce a blend that can be used effectively within the root canal. 2.Canal filling with gutta-percha The objective of the root canal filling is to completely fil the canal sys
10、tem in an attempt to seal the canal from leakage apically and coronally. 3. Lateral condensation4. Coronal restoration A permanent coronal restoration should be placed without unnecessary delay.Question Whats the procedure of the endodontics therapy?References1.Endodontics Problem-solving in clinical practice author: Martin Dunitz2. Problem solving in endodontics prevention,identificatiion,and management author: James L.,Gutmann, Paul E.Lovdahl3. Color Atlas of Endodontics author: william T.Johnson4. Endodontics in clinical practice author: Bun san chong
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