2014年全国医学考博英语统一考试真题.pdf

1、2014 年全国医学考博英语统一考试真题答题须知1.请考生首先将自己的姓名、所在考点、准考证号在试卷一答题纸和试卷二标准答题卡上认真填写清楚，并按“考场指令”要求，将准考证号在标准答题卡上划好。2.试卷一(Paper One)答案和试卷二(Paper Two)答案都作答在标准答题卡上，不要做在试卷上。3.试卷一答题时必须使用 2B 铅笔，将所选答案按要求在相应位置涂黑；如要更正，先用橡皮擦干净。书面表达一定要用黑色签字笔或钢笔写在标准答题卡上指定区域。4.标准答题卡不可折叠，同时答题卡须保持平整干净，以利评分。5.听力考试只放一遍录音，每道题后有 15 秒左右的答题时间。国家医学考试中心PAP

2、ER ONEPart 1 ：Listening comprehension（30%）Section ADirections:In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations betweentwo speakers, At the end of each conversation, you will hear aquestion about what is said, The question will be read only once,After you hear the question, read the four pos

3、sible answers markedA, B, C, and D. Choose the best answers and mark the letter of yourchoice on the ANSWER SHEET.Listen to the following exampleYou will hearWoman:I feel faint.Man:No wonder. You havent had a bite all day.Question:Whats the matter with the woman?You will read:A. She is sick.B. She w

4、as bitten by an ant.C. She is hungry.D. She spilled her paint.Here C is the right answer.Sample AnswerA B C DNow lets begin with question Number 1.1. A. About 12 pintsB. About 3 pintsC. About 4 pintsD. About 7 pints2. A. Take a holiday from work.B. Worry less about work.C. Take some sleeping pills.D

5、. Work harder to forget all her troubles.3. A. He has no complaints about the doctor.B. He wont complain anything.C. He is in good condition.D. He couldnt be worse.4. A. She is kidding.B. She will get a raise.C. The man will get a raise.D. The man will get a promotion.5. A. Her daughter likes ball g

6、ames.B. Her daughter is an exciting child.C. She and her daughter are good friends.D. She and her daughter dont always understand each other.6. A. She hurt her uncle.B. She hurt her ankle.C. She has a swollen toe.D. She needs a minor surgery.7. A. John likes gambling.B. John is very fond of his new

7、boss.C. John has ups and downs in the new company.D. John has a promising future in the new company.8. A. She will get some advice from the front desk.B. She will undergo some lab tests.C. She will arrange an appointment.D. She will get the test results.9. A. Shes an odd character.B. She is very pic

8、ky.C. She is easy-going.D. She likes fashions.10. A. At a street corner.B. In a local shop.C. In a ward.D. In a clinic.11. A. Sea food.B. Dairy products.C. Vegetables and fruits.D. Heavy foods.12. A. He is having a good time.B. He very much likes his old bicycle.各类考试资料 vx：344647 公众号：顺通考试资料C. He will

9、 buy a new bicycle right away.D. He would rather buy a new bicycle later.13. A. It is only a cough.B. Its a minor illness.C. It started two weeks ago.D. Its extremely serious.14. A. The woman is too optimistic about the stock market.B. The woman will even lose more money at the stock market.C. The s

10、tock market bubble will continue to grow.D. The stock market bubble will soon meet its demise.15. A. The small pills should be taken once a day before sleep.B. The yellow pills should be taken once a day before supper.C. The white pills should be taken once a day before breakfast.D. The large round

11、pills should be taken three times a day after meals.Section BDirection:In this section you will hear one conversation and two passages, aftereach of which, you will hear five questions. After each question,read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D, Choose the bestanswer and mark the letter

12、 of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Dialogue16. A. Because he had difficulty swallowing it.B. Because it was upsetting his stomach.C. Because he was allergic to it.D. Because it was too expensive.17. A. He cant play soccer any more.B. He has a serious foot problem.C. He needs an operation.D. He has

13、cancer.18. A. A blood transfusion.B. An allergy test.C. A urine test.D. A biopsy.19. A. To see if he has cancer.B.Toseeifhehasdepression.C. To see if he requires surgery.D. To see if he has a foodallergy problem.20. A. Relieved.B. Anxious.C. Angry.D. Depressed.Passage One21. A. The cause of COPD.B.

14、Harmful effects of smoking.C. Men more susceptible to harmful effects of smoking.D. Women more susceptible to harmful effects of smoking.22. A. 954.B. 955.C. 1909.D. 1955.23. A. On May 18 in San Diego.B. On May 25 in San Diego.C. On May 18 in San Francisco.D. On May 25 in San Francisco.24. A. When s

15、moking exposure is high.B. When smoking exposure is low.C. When the subjects received medication.D. When the subjects stopped smoking.25. A. Hormone differences in men and women.B. Genetic differences between men and women.C. Womens active metabolic rate.D. Womens smaller airways.Passage Two26. A. A

16、bout 90,000.B. About 100,000.C. Several hundreds.D. About 5,000.27. A. Warning from Goddard Space Flight Center.B. Warning from the Kenyan health ministry.C. Experience gained from the 1997 outbreak.D. Proper and prompt Aid from NASA.28. A. Distributing mosquito nets.B. Persuading people not to slau

17、ghter animals.C. Urging people not to eat animals.D. Dispatching doctors to the epidemic-stricken area.29. A. The higher surface temperatures in the equatorial part of the Indian Ocean.B. The short-lived mosquitoes that were the hosts of the viruses.C. The warm and dry weather in the Horn of Africa.

18、D. The heavy but intermittent rains.30. A. Warning from NASA.B. How to treat Rift Valley fever.C. The disastrous effects of Rift Valley fever.D. Satellites and global health remote diagnosis.Part II Vocabulary (10%)Section ADirection:In this section, all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or p

19、hrases,marked A B C and D .are given beneath each of them. You are to choosethe word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then mark youranswer on the ANSWER SHEET.31. A good nights sleep is believed to help slow the stomachs emptying, producea smoother, less abrupt absorption of sugar, and wi

20、ll better _ brainmetabolism.A. regulateB. activateC. retainD.consolidate32. The explosion and the oil spill below the surface of the Gulf of Mexico leftmy mind in such a _ that I couldnt get to sleep.A. catastropheB. boycottC. turmoilD. mentality33. Coronary heart attacks occur more commonly in thos

21、e with high blood pressure,in the obese, in cigarette smokers, and in those _ to prolonged emotionaland mental strain.A. sympatheticB. ascribedC. preferableD. subjected34. Most colds are acquired by children in school and then _ to adults.A. conveyedB. transmittedC. attributedD. relayed35. Several o

22、f the most populous nations in the world _ at the lower end ofthe table of real GDP per capita last year.A. fluctuatedB. languishedC. retardedD. vibrated36. Presently this kind of anti-depressant is still in clinical _, even thoughthe concept has been around since 1900s.A. trialsB. applicationsC. im

23、plicationsD.endeavors37. Studies revealed that exposure to low-level radiation for a long time may weakenthe immune system, _ aging, and cause cancer.A. haltB. postponeC. retardD. accelerate38. The mayor candidates personality traits, being modest and generous, _people in his favor before the electi

24、on.A. predisposedB. presumedC. presidedD. pressured39. With its graceful movements and salubrious effects on health, Tai Chi has astrong _ to a vast multitude of people.A. flavorB. thrillC. appealD. implication40. If you are catching a train, it is always better to be _ early than evena fraction of

25、a minute too late.A. infinitelyB. temporarilyC. comfortablyD.favorablySection BDirections:Each of the following sentences has a word or phrase underlined. Thereare four words or phrases beneath each sentence, Choose the word orphrase which can best keep the meaning of the original sentence ifit is s

26、ubstituted for the underlined part, Mark your answer on theANSWER SHEET.41. All Nobel Prize winners success is a process of long-term accumulation, inwhich lasting efforts are indispensable.A. irresistibleB. cherishedC. inseparableD.requisite42. The Queens presence imparted an air of elegance to the

27、 drinks reception atBuckingham Palace in London.A. bestowedB. exhibitedC. imposedD. emitted43. Physicians are clear that thyroid dysfunction is manifest in growing childrenin the form of mental and physical retardation.A. intensifiedB. apparentC. representativeD. insidious44. The mechanism that the

28、eye can accommodate itself to different distances hasbeen applied to automatic camera, which marks a revolutionary technique advance.A. yieldB. amplifyC. adaptD. cast45. Differences among believers are common; however, it was the pressure ofreligious persecution that exacerbated their conflicts and

29、created the splitof the union.A. eradicatedB. deterioratedC. vanquishedD.averted46. When Picasso was particularly poor, he might have tried to obliterate theoriginal composition by painting over it on canvases.A. duplicateB. eliminateC. substituteD. compile47. For the sake of animal protection, envi

30、ronmentalists deplored the constructionprogram of a nuclear power station.A. disapprovedB. despisedC. demolishedD. decomposed48. Political figures in particular are held to very strict standards of maritalfidelity.A. loyaltyB. moralityC. qualityD.stability49. The patient complained that his doctor h

31、ad been negligent in not giving him afull examination.A. prudentB. ardentC. carelessD. brutal50. She has been handling all the complaints without wrath for a whole morning.A. furyB. chaosC. despairD. agonyPart III Cloze (10%)Directions:In this section there is a passage with ten numbered blanks. For

32、 eachblank, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D on the right side.Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWERSHEET.For years, scientists have been warning us that the radiation from mobilephones is detrimental to our health, without actually having any evidence t

33、oback these _51_ up. However, research now suggests that mobile phoneradiation has at least one positive side effect: it can help prevent Alzheimers, _52_ in the mice that acted as test subjects.Its been suspected, though never proven, that heavy use of mobile phonesis bad for your health. Its thoug

34、ht that walking around with a cellphonepermanently attached to the side of your head is almost sure to be _53_ yourbrain. And that may well be true, but Id rather wait until its proven beforegiving up that part of my daily life.But what has now been proven, in a very perfunctory manner, is that mobi

35、lephone radiation can have an effect on your brain. _54_ in this case it wasa positive rather than negative effect.According to BBC news, the Florida Alzheimers Disease Research Centerconducted a study on 96 mice to see if the radiation given off by mobile phonescould affect the onset of Alzheimers.

36、Some of the mice were “genetically altered to develop beta-amyloid plaquesin their brains” _55_ they aged. These are a marker of Alzheimers. all96 mice were then “exposed to the electro-magnetic _56_ generated by astandard phone for two one-hour periods each day for seven to nine months.”The lucky t

37、hings._57_ the experiment showed that the mice altered to be predisposed todementia were protected from the disease if exposed before the onset of theillness. Their cognitive abilities were so unimpaired as to be virtually _58_to the mice not genetically altered in any way.Unfortunately, although th

38、e results are positive, the scientists dontactually know why exposure to mobile phone radiation has this effect. But its hoped that further study and testing could result in a non-invasive _59_for preventing and treating Alzheimers disease.Autopsies carried out on the mice also concluded no ill-effe

39、cts of theirexposure to the radiation. However, the fact that the radiation preventedAlzheimers means mobile phones _60_ our brains and bodies in ways not yetexplored. And its sure there are negative as well as this one positive.51.A. devicesB. risksC. phenomenaD. claims52.A. at leastB. at mostC. as

40、 ifD. as well53.A. blockingB. cookingC. exhaustingD. cooling54.A. ExceptB. EvenC. DespiteD. Besides55.A. untilB. whenC. asD. unless56.A. rangeB. continuumC. spectrumD. field57.A. ReasonablyB. ConsequentlyC. AmazinglyD. Undoubtedly58.A. identicalB. beneficialC. preferableD. susceptible59.A. effortB.

41、methodC. huntD. account60.A. do affectB. did affectC. is affectingD. could have affectedPart IV Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions:In this part there are six passages, each of which is followed by fivequestions. For each question there are four possible answers markedA, B, C, and D. Choose the be

42、st answer and mark the letter of your choiceon the ANSWER SHEET.Passage oneI have just returned from Mexico, where I visited a factory making medical masks.Faced with fierce competition, the owner has cut his costs by outsourcing some ofhis production. Scores of people work for him in their homes, t

43、hreading elastic intomasks by hand. They are paid below the minimum wage, with no job security and nohealthcare provision.Users of medical masks and other laboratory gear probably give little thoughtto where their equipment comes from. That needs to change. A significant proportionof these products

44、are made in the developing world by low-paid people with inadequatelabor rights. This leads to human misery on a tremendous scale.Take lab coats. Many are made in India, where most cotton farmers are paid anunfair price for their crops and factory employees work illegal hours for poor pay.One-fifth

45、of the worlds surgical instruments are made in northern Pakistan.When I visited the area a couple of years ago I found most workers toiling 12 hoursa day, seven days a week, for less than a dollar a day, exposed to noise, metal dustand toxic chemicals. Thousands of children, some as young as 7, work

46、 in the industry.To win international contracts, factory owners must offer rock-bottom prices,and consequently drive down wages and labor conditions as far as they can. Welaboratory scientists in the developed world may unwittingly be encouraging this:we ask how much our equipment will cost, but whi

47、ch of us asks who made it and howmuch they were paid?This is no small matter. Science is supposed to benefit humanity, but becauseof the conditions under which their tools are made, may scientists may actually becausing harm.What can be done? A knee-jerk boycott of unethical goods is not the answer;

48、 itwould just make things worse for workers in those manufacturing zones. What we needis to start asking suppliers to be transparent about where and how their productsare manufactured and urge them to improve their manufacturing practices.It can be done. Many universities are committed to fair trade

49、 in the form ofethically sourced tea, coffee or bananas. That model should be extended to laboratorygoods.There are signs that things are moving. Over the past few years I have workedwith health services in the UK and in Sweden. Both have recently instituted ethicalprocurement practices. If science

50、is truly going to help humanity, it needs to followsuit.61. From the medical masks to lab coats, the author is trying to tell us _.A. the practice of occupational protection in the developing worldB. the developing countries plagued by poverty and disease.C. the cheapest labor in the developing coun