Unit 4 Natural disasters 定语从句 ppt课件-（2019）新人教版高中英语必修第一册.pptx

1、 This is an interesting book. That is the book written by John. The child playing with water is my son. I have a lot of homework to finish. Kate is the girl in a red T-shirt. This is the book which Im looking for. 定语定语(attribute)：修饰，限定：修饰，限定 She is the person who wrote this great book.先行词关系词主句定语从句在主

2、从复合句中起定语作用，修饰句中的名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词(the antecedent)。指代先行词并引导定语从句的词叫关系词(the guide word)。 The boy who is talking to John is my brother. The person whom you met yesterday is from Britain. This is the dictionary that I am looking for. Mike bought a car which was made in Japan. Jenny got a doll

3、 whose eyes are blue.缺主语缺主语缺宾语缺宾语缺宾语缺宾语缺主语缺主语缺定语缺定语 Sunday is the only day when we can have a good rest. I miss the village where I was brought up. The reason why he didnt come was his sickness.缺时间状语缺时间状语缺地点状语缺地点状语缺原因状语缺原因状语关系词的作用 引导定语从句 代替先行词 在从句中充当成分关系代词：关系代词：who, whom, that, which, whose关系副词：关系副词

4、：when, where, why关关系系代代词词指代指代从句成分从句成分whowhomthatwhichwhose关关系系副副词词whenwherewhy主、宾主、宾宾宾主、宾、表主、宾、表主、宾主、宾定语定语时间状语时间状语地点状语地点状语原因状语原因状语人人人人人、物人、物物物人的、物的人的、物的时间时间地点地点原因原因 He is a man _ means what he says. The book _you are reading is written by a contemporary American novelist. The boy _ we just saw in li

5、brary is the monitor of Class 3. Is there anyone in your school _father is a painter ?who/thatwhich/thatwhom/that/whowhosewhose=of whom/which限定性定语从句中只能用thatthat的情况 1.当先行词是不定代词当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one时。时。 There is nothing that can prevent him

6、 from doing it. That is all that I want to say. 2.当先行词前面被当先行词前面被the only, the very, the same, the last, any, few, little, no, all等词修等词修饰时。饰时。 This is the person that/who Im waiting for. This is the very person that Im waiting for. The thing that/which we can do is to give you some money. The only th

7、ing that we can do is to give you some money. 3.当先行词既有人又有物时。当先行词既有人又有物时。 Do you know the things that/which they are talking about? Do you know the persons whom/that they are talking about? Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? 4.当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时

8、。面有形容词最高级修饰时。 This is a film that/which Ive ever seen. This is the most interesting film that Ive ever seen. 5.当先行词是序数词或先行词前面有序数当先行词是序数词或先行词前面有序数词修饰时。词修饰时。 What is the film that/which you have seen? What is the first film that you have seen? 6、当主句的主语是疑问词、当主句的主语是疑问词who或者或者which时。时。 Which is the bike

9、that you lost? Who is the boy that won the gold medal? 7、当先行词在主句中作表语，同时关系代词也、当先行词在主句中作表语，同时关系代词也在从句中作表语时。在从句中作表语时。 Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.the only, the verythe same, no, any两项并列人与物两项并列人与物不定、序数、最高级不定、序数、最高级定语从句中只能用whichwhich的情况1.在非限定性定语从句中，只能用在非限定性定语从句中，只能用which。He had fail

10、ed in the math exam, which made his father angry.2.当从句中动词短语中的介词提前时，只用当从句中动词短语中的介词提前时，只用which。This is a house in which Lu Xun once lived.PS:在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词前。可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词前。look for, find out指人时用whowho不用thatthat的情况1.先行词是先行词是one, ones, anyone, anybody,

11、those等时。等时。Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.2.在非限定性定语从句中，先行词指人时。在非限定性定语从句中，先行词指人时。John, who came to see me yesterday, is my brother.定语从句中的主谓一致 关系词指代先行词在从句中作主语时，从句关系词指代先行词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语要与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。的谓语要与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。 Tom is a kind boy who is always preparing to help others. Tom and hi

12、s brothers are kind boys who are always preparing to help others.缺主语缺主语缺主语缺主语定语从句中关系词的省略 关系词在从句中关系词在从句中作直接宾语作直接宾语时时可以可以省略。省略。 The man(whom)you saw just now is our manager. Is there anything (that) I can do for you? 关系代词放在关系代词放在介词后介词后作宾语时作宾语时, 不能不能省略。省略。但介词位于句尾时但介词位于句尾时, 关系代词可以省略。关系代词可以省略。 This is th

13、e girl with whom he worked. This is the girl (whom) he worked with.缺宾语缺宾语缺宾语缺宾语请找出下列各句中的错误并加以改正。1. This is the factory where we visited last week.2. This is the watch for which Tom is looking. where that/which或去掉where。把for放在looking之后。英语中,有些短语动词, 介词或副词不可与动词相分离。又如: look after, run into等。3. The person

14、to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.4. The house in that we live is very small.whom尽管在口语中who, whom都能作宾语,但在介词后只能用whom。which5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.6. Ive read all the books which I borrowed from the library.whichthat不可以引导非限制性定语从句。which t

15、hat或去掉which。当先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little等修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。7. This is the best film which I have ever seen.which that或去掉which。当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或the only, the very等所修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。8. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.如果先行词既指人又指物时, 常用t

16、hat引导定语从句。that9. Everything which we saw was of great interest.10. His dog, that was now very old, became ill and died.当先行词为something, anything, everything, nothing, all等时,常由that引导定语从句。which that或去掉或去掉which。which This is the girl (whom) he worked with. This is the girl. He worked with the girl. This

17、 is the question which they have discussed many times in the past few week. This is the question. They have discussed the question many times in the past few weeks. The man who enjoys reading has more than 1,000 books at home. The man has more than 1,000 books at home. The man enjoys reading. A teac

18、her is a person whose duty is to teach . A teacher is a person. The duty of a teacher is to teach. A teachers duty is to teach. The boy is Jack. Jack is playing basketball. 找找 找出先行词，即相同部分找出先行词，即相同部分 替替 用相应的关系词替代先行词用相应的关系词替代先行词 提提 把关系词提到定语从句句首把关系词提到定语从句句首 放放 把定语从句放在先行词后把定语从句放在先行词后 The boy who is play

19、ing basketball is Jack. This is a book. The book tells stories of Li Bai. This is the book which/that tells stories of Li Bai. This is a ring. She spent 1,000 dollars on the ring. This is the ring on which she spent 1, 000 dollars. The woman is a teacher. The woman lives next door. The woman who liv

20、es next door is a teacher. The man is my father. The man is in brown. The man who is in brown is my father. I know the doctor. His daughter studies abroad. I know the doctor whose daughter studies abroad. Have you seen my book? The books cover is red. Have you seen my book whose cover is red? Students work in groups to describe a person, an object or an event with attributive clause. The others will try their best to find out the correct answer.Game Time