概要写作 ppt课件-写作专项训练-（2019）新人教版高中英语必修第一册.pptx

1、8次读后续写（2016.10，2017.6，2017.11，2018.6，2020.1，2020.7，2021.1，2021.6）2次概要写作（2018.11，2019.6）考续写可能性较大；考概要写作可能性较小考概要平均分相对较低，140以上高分较少同一届两次作文形式保持一致可能性较大读后续写与概要写作，两种形式在不同考次不定期交替使用普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明（高考综合改革试验省份试用） 1.本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。 2.评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。 3.词数少于40和多于80的，从总分

2、中减去2分。 4.评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑： （1）对原文要点的理解和呈现情况； （2）应用语法结构和词汇的准确性； （3）上下文的连贯性； （4）对各要点表达的独立性情况。 5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。 6.如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。档 次描 述第五档（21-25分）理解准确，涵盖全部要点。能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇，有效地使用了语句间的连接成分。使所有完成的概要结构紧凑。完全使用自己的语言。第四档（16-20分）理解准确，涵盖全部要点。所使用的语法结构和词汇虽有错误，但完全不影响意义表达。应用语句间的

3、连接成分，使上下文连贯。有个别整句抄自原文。第三档（11-15分）理解较为准确，涵盖大部分要点。有些语法结构和词汇错误，但不影响意义表达。较少使用语句间的连接成分，全文内容缺少连贯性。出现两句以上整句抄自原文现象。第二档（6-10分）理解有误差，仅涵盖半数要点。有些语法结构和词汇方面的错误，影响了意义的表达。较少使用语句间的连接成分，全文内容缺少连贯性。出现两句以上整句抄自原文现象。第一档（1-5分）没有正确理解原文，造成概要内容与原文主题不符。有较多语法结构和词汇方面的错误，严重影响了意义的表达。缺乏语句间的连接成分，全文内容不连贯。多个句子抄自原文。0分白卷、内容太少无法评判或所写内容与所

4、提供内容无关。u理解准确，涵盖全部要点u能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇u有效地使用了词语间的连接成分，使所有完成的概要结构紧凑。u完全使用了自己的语言。把握文章主旨总结段落主题归纳次要点联句成篇准确理解原文主题句和关键词删除非必要细节使用自己语言和连接词 Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people，is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. In the early 16th century, people thought that

5、dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the King of Eng

6、land in 1546.Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the King ordered that，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should not go out.阅读下面短文阅读下面短文,根

7、据其内容写一篇根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。词左右的内容概要。 Though the belief in the merit (好处好处) of dirt was long-lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of

8、preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: Clothes need to be whiter than white，cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far? Attitudes to dirt still differ

9、 hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学免疫学家家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And

10、the latter (后者后者) position is gaining some ground. Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people，is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.Para.1 在大多数人看来，去除污垢是一好事，然而，对于污垢的在大多数人看来，去除污垢是一好事，然而，对于污垢的态度并不是一成不变的。态度并不是一成不变的。大意转化 Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of mo

11、st people，is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.Attitudes towards dirt are always changing. In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open u

12、p the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the King of England in 1546.Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of

13、France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the King ordered that，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should not go out.Para.2 历史上很长一段时间，生活在欧洲的人们会认为皮肤上的污历史上很长一段时间，生活在欧洲的人们会认为皮肤上的污垢能保护他们免于生病。垢能保护他们免于生病。大意For a long time in history, Europeans believed that dirt

14、protected them from diseases.转化 In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, th

15、e French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the King of England in 1546.Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the King ordered th

16、at，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should not go out. Though the belief in the merit (好处好处) of dirt was long-lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand w

17、ashing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: Clothes need to be whiter than white，cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?P

18、ara.3 18世纪以来人们开始改变他们的态度，认为去除污垢可以保世纪以来人们开始改变他们的态度，认为去除污垢可以保持健康，然而持健康，然而后来后来干净的标准似乎超越了科学的范畴。干净的标准似乎超越了科学的范畴。大意Since the 1700s, peoples attitude to dirt has changed, believing that washing dirt off benefits health. But seemingly people tend to value cleanness too much.转化 Though the belief in the merit

19、(好处好处) of dirt was long-lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness hav

20、e moved beyond science since World War. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: Clothes need to be whiter than white，cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far? Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn the

21、ir children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter (后者后者) position is gaining some ground.Para.4 如今，人们对污垢的态

22、度仍然有很大的不同。免疫学家鼓励如今，人们对污垢的态度仍然有很大的不同。免疫学家鼓励孩子们去接触污垢，因为这样有助于提高免疫力。孩子们去接触污垢，因为这样有助于提高免疫力。大意Still different as attitudes to dirt are today, some scientists advocate children being exposed to dirt to improve immunity.转化 Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try

23、 to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter (后者后者) position is gaining some ground. Atti

24、tudes towards dirt are always changing. (要点要点1) For a long time in history, Europeans believed that dirt protected them from diseases. (要点要点2) However, since the 1700s, peoples attitude to dirt has changed, believing that washing dirt off benefits health. But seemingly, people tend to value cleannes

25、s too much. (要点要点3) Still different as attitudes to dirt are today, some scientists advocate children being exposed to dirt to improve immunity. (要要点点4) （65 words）Version 1 People have mixed opinions about dirt on our skin. (要点要点1) For a long time in history, people living in European countries like

26、 France believed that dirt protected them from getting ill. (要点要点2) However, people began to change their attitudes towards dirt about 200 hundred years ago. People have been informed that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy. (要点要点3) Yet, some scientists believe that being exposed to some

27、dirt may help our immune system. (要点要点4)（73 words）Version 21.1.准确理解准确理解原文是关键原文是关键2.2.以自然段为以自然段为单位单位概括概括要点要点3.3.删除非必要删除非必要细节细节4.4.核心词不必替换核心词不必替换5 5. .写作时句式写作时句式多样化多样化6.6.完全使用自己语言完全使用自己语言7.7.恰当使用连接词。恰当使用连接词。功能举 例时间 first of all, next, then, later, afterwards, in the end, at last, eventually并列 Besides,

28、 in addition, moreover, furthermore 转折 but, however, on the contrary, nevertheless, instead因果 because, since, owing to, as a result of, due to, therefore, thus让步 though, although, even if/though, despite 条件 if, unless, as long as, on condition that, only if, considering 对比 By/in contrast (to), inste

29、ad of, rather than, while, compared to 不要使用第一人称 不要加入自己观点 不要对原文进行评论 不要添加任何无关信息1.同义替换法opinionsviewsviewpointspoints of viewstandpointschangeturnvarytransformdiffer2.正话反说法He didnt pass the exam. He failed the exam.The government doesnt approve of the proposal.The government opposes the proposal.2.词性转换法

30、 Patience is very important. Patience is of great importance.Although his idea isnt accepted, he didnt give up.Despite the refusal of his idea, he didnt give up. 3.改变句式法People tend to pay much attention to their appearances.Much attention tends to be paid to appearances.主动变被动3.改变句式法People believe/th

31、ink that It is believed/thought that形式主语+被动3.改变句式法It not only makes a big difference but also offers a good chance to the young. Not only does it have a great influence but it also provides a golden opportunity for young people.正装变倒装3.改变句式法They didnt pay much attention to the warning and led to a di

32、saster.They ignored the warning, which resulted in a disaster.并列句变复合句Their neglect of the warning resulted in a disaster.并列句变简单句4.单词短语互换法notice - be aware of - realizevalue - attach importance tograb the opportunity - jump at the opportunity10 percent - 1 out of 10 - 1 in 10in the 20th century - in the 1900s/1900s