1、陈纪陈纪言言广东省心血管病研究所广东省心血管病研究所“Man lives with arterosclerosis, and dies of the complicating thrombosis” Dedichen J. Brit Med J 1956; 11:1038-1039InjuryThrombusInjury STEMI的抗血小板治疗的抗血小板治疗 STEMI的抗凝治疗的抗凝治疗CLARITY:研究设计 设计:双盲、安慰剂对照、随机化 人群:3491例 STEMI 12 小时 18-75 岁 治疗:氯吡格雷 300mg 负荷剂量75 mg/天 + ASA vs 安慰剂 + ASA主
2、要终点: 动脉闭塞(TIMI 0/1)、死亡、 MI 次要终点: 死亡、MI、再发缺血主要终点降低 36%氯吡格雷氯吡格雷安慰剂安慰剂风险比风险比(n=1752) (n=1739) (95% CI) p 值值主要复合终点(主要复合终点(%)TFG 0/1、MI 或死亡或死亡 15.021.70.64 (0.53 0.76) 0.001主要终点的各个构成主要终点的各个构成 (%)TFG 0/111.718.40.59 (0.48 0.72) 0.001 再发再发 MI2.53.60.70 (0.47 1.04)0.08死亡死亡2.62.21.17 (0.75 1.82)0.491. Sabati
3、ne MS et al. New Engl J Med 200530天的临床事件 *CV 死亡、死亡、MI 再发缺血导致急诊血管重建术的风险比再发缺血导致急诊血管重建术的风险比 Time (days)临床终点的发生率临床终点的发生率 (%)051015051015202530安慰剂氯吡格雷20%*p=0.026 Sabatine MS et al. New Engl J Med 2005;352:1179-1189安全性氯吡格雷氯吡格雷安慰剂安慰剂(n=1733) (n=1719) p 值值主要出血性终点(主要出血性终点(%)TIMI 严重出血严重出血 23 (1.3)19 (1.1)0.64
4、次要出血性终点(次要出血性终点(%) TIMI 轻度出血轻度出血17 (1.0)9 (0.5)0.17TIMI 严重出血或轻度出血严重出血或轻度出血 40 (2.3)28 (1.6)0.18 颅内出血颅内出血8 (0.5)12 (0.7)0.3830 天的出血(天的出血(%)TIMI 严重出血严重出血 33 (1.930 (1.7)0.80TIMI 轻度出血轻度出血27 (1.6)16 (0.9)0.12TIMI 严重出血或轻度出血严重出血或轻度出血 59 (3.4)46 (2.7)0.24 Sabatine MS et al. New Engl J Med 2005;352:1179-118
5、9 PCI-CLARITY:研究设计氯吡格雷 300 (LD) 75 mg/天(预处理)(n = 1572)安慰剂 (无预处理)(n = 1739)住院PTCA(n = 933)住院 PTCA(n = 930)在CLARITY-TIMI 28试验中n = 3491 名患者随机分组冠状动脉造影随访随访 30天的天的MACESabatine M, Montalecot G. ESC 2005 : Clinical Trial Update IPCI 后的心血管死亡、MI 或脑卒中010203002468PTCA后天数后天数氯吡格雷氯吡格雷 3.6 %预处理预处理无预处理无预处理 6.2 %风险比风
6、险比 0,54(IC 95% 0.35-0.85)p = 0.00846 %CV 死亡、死亡、MI、脑卒中、脑卒中 %Sabatine M, Montalecot G. ESC 2005 : Clinical Trial Update ICV死亡、MI、脑卒中随机分组 30 天风险比 0.59(IC 95% 0.43-0.81)ARR: 4.5%NNT = 23024681012氯吡格雷氯吡格雷预处理预处理无预处理无预处理CV死亡、死亡、MI、脑卒中、脑卒中 %41 % p = 0.001Sabatine M, Montalecot G. ESC 2005 : Clinical Trial U
7、pdate I研究设计研究设计设计:设计:双盲、安慰剂双盲、安慰剂 对照、随机化对照、随机化人群:人群:46,000 例例STEMI 0.1, NS0.40.60.81.01.21.41.61. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.PA RA MEDICUN IT235AmbulancePPCI再灌注治疗 2 hoursDuration ofsymptoms 2 hoursRescuePCIRoutineangiography -emergent/elective ?Watchfulwaiting ?PA RA MEDICUN IT235AmbulanceLytics(full d
8、ose)STEMI的抗血小板处理: 小结 所有所有STEMI患者(无论随后是否治疗患者(无论随后是否治疗TLx或或PPCI)都应首先接受强化的抗血小板治)都应首先接受强化的抗血小板治疗氯吡格雷疗氯吡格雷 300 mg + ASA 治疗治疗 STEMI的抗血小板治疗的抗血小板治疗 STEMI的抗凝治疗的抗凝治疗普通肝素普通肝素推注推注 60U/kg滴注滴注 12U/kg/h 持续持续 48 h依诺肝素依诺肝素 75 y : 无静脉推注无静脉推注皮下皮下 0.75mg/kg q 12h(至出院或满至出院或满8天)天)小结 1 所有所有STEMI患者(无论随后是否治疗患者(无论随后是否治疗TLx或或
9、PPCI)都应首先接受强化的抗血小板治疗)都应首先接受强化的抗血小板治疗氯吡格雷氯吡格雷 300 mg + ASA 治疗治疗小结 2 与UFH相比较,对接受溶栓治疗的STEMI病人使用LMWH可获得 更低的缺血发生率更低的缺血发生率 更高的运期再灌注率更高的运期再灌注率 但更高的出血并发症但更高的出血并发症 戊聚多糖的效果优于LMWH,尤其是没有接收PCI的病人 更低的死亡发生率更低的死亡发生率 更低的再梗死发生率更低的再梗死发生率 不增加出血不增加出血Thank you for your attention!Fox KAA et al for the Randomized Intervent
10、ion Trial of unstable Angina (RITA) investigators. Lancet 2002;360:74351Interventional versus conservative treatment for patients with unstable angina or non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction: the British Heart Foundation RITA 3 randomised trial RITA 3ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that routine in
11、tervention (early angiography with myocardial revascularization, as clinically indicated) is better than conservative management in moderate-risk UA/NSTEMI patientsInclusion CriteriaExclusion CriteriaProbable evolving MINew pathological Q wavesCK or CK-MB enzyme concentrations twice upper limit of n
12、ormalMI within previous month PCI in the preceding yearCABGStudy DesignTIMI 11B-ESSENCE Meta-analysis:Benefits of Enoxaparin in PCI0510152025 4.9813.11 6.2611.97OR=0.35P=0.005OR=0.49P=0.003UFH (n=493)Enoxaparin (n=431)Primary Endpoints Death/non-fatal MI/refractory angina at 4 months Death/non-fatal
13、 MI at 1 yearSecondary Endpoints Angina scores Quality-of-life scores Health-economic evaluationsBenefit of Intervention7.68.39.614.5051015Patients (%)Conservative (n=915)P=0.001 RR 0.66 0.510.85P=NSRR, risk ratioIntervention (n=895)Benefit of Intervention Cumulative risk of death, MI or refractory
14、angina reduced at 1 yearPatients (%)Time from randomization (months)041202468101214161820At 4 monthsP=0.001ConservativeInterventionP=0.003Prevalence of Angina Over Time020406080Grade 3/4Grade 2Grade 1Intervention(n=895)BaselineConservative(n=915)Intervention(n=856)Conservative(n=873)Intervention(n=7
15、99)Conservative(n=814)4 months1 yearProportion of patients (%)Reduction in angina Grades 24P0.0001P=0.0006InterventionReduced incidence of refractory angina6.511.64.49.3024681012Patients (%)Refractory anginaat 1 yearRefractory anginaat 4 monthsP0.0001 RR 0.470.320.68P=0.0002RR 0.56 0.410.76RR, risk
16、ratioConservative (n=915)Intervention (n=895)Summarized Comparison of 3 TrialsBase Main population therapyto benefitRITA 3EnoxaparinModerate-risk patientsTACTICS-TIMI 18TirofibanHigh-risk patientsFRISC IIDalteparinHigh-risk patientsSummaryIntervention significantly reduced the incidence of the combi
17、ned endpoint of death, non-fatal MI or refractory angina in UA/NSTEMI patients: the principal effect was on refractory anginaSignificant and clinically meaningful reductions were found in severe angina and in the requirement for anti-angina therapiesThe planned 5-year follow-up needs to be completed
18、 to provide conclusive evidence of the effect of intervention on prognosis (death and MI)Hazards of intervention are more than offset by subsequent reduction in non-procedure-related MIConclusionFor moderate-risk UA/NSTEMI patients, an intervention strategy is preferable to a strategy of ischaemia-p
19、rovoked revascularization8 days血管再通率血管再通率比较比较 STRes90 / 180临床事件临床事件Day 30ENOXENOXENOXPlaceboPlaceboPlacebo17581470T 3T 2887211251636DMIRA7.06.77.42.45.99.1P=0.0313.421.0AMI-SK ENOX 对照于对照于 Placebo 联用联用 SK 治疗治疗 STEMI (N=496)P=0.001EHJ 2002; 23:1282HART IIENOX 对照于对照于 UFH 联用联用 tPA 治疗治疗STEMI (N=400)UFHb
20、5000Inf 15ENOXb 30sc 1.090 min血管再通率血管再通率再阻塞再阻塞 1 wkTIMI 3级血流级血流 0,127482853938175TFG 3TFG 2UFHb 5000Inf 15ENOXb 30sc 1.0Circulation 104:648,2001ENOX 对照于 UFH 联用 TNK 治疗 STEMI% Pts52%TIMI 2350%2.4%1.9%15.9%4.4%2.51.93.712.2P=0.005TIMI 3级血流级血流 60 minTIMI 严重出血严重出血死亡死亡/再梗再梗 Day 30Angio Eval PtsAll Treated
21、 PtsP=NSP=NS16082ENOXUFH16082ENOXUFH201510514173ENOXUFH10080604020Circulation 2002; 105:1642N=ASSENT 3 ASSENT 3 主要联合终点的组成 P (3 way): 0.25 0.0009 0.0001Lancet 358:605,2001ASSENT 3ASSENT 3安全性 P (3 way): 0.98 0.0005 0.0001Lancet 358:605,2001ASSENT PLUS: 研究设计研究设计随机分组rt-PA法安明法安明 120IU/kg s.c. 4-7天天rt-PA普
22、通肝素普通肝素 i.v. 48小时小时观察30 天: 死亡/心梗/血运重建冠脉造影(冠脉造影(4 - 7天):天):TIMI 血流血流ST 抬高心梗患者L. Wallentin et al. European Heart Journal(2003) 24, 897-908ASSENT PLUS:法安明法安明疗效显著优于普通肝素疗效显著优于普通肝素TIMI 2-3血流 ()P=0.0067075808590法安明(n=202)普通肝素(n=176)86.6%75.5%L. Wallentin et al. European Heart Journal(2003) 24, 897-908ASSEN
23、T PLUS:法安明法安明显著降低临床事件显著降低临床事件01234567892.3%3.8%1.4%5.4%3.6%8.1%7天时临床事件()法安明法安明普通肝素普通肝素死亡死亡再梗再梗死亡死亡/再梗再梗P=0.36P=0.02P=0.046L. Wallentin et al. European Heart Journal(2003) 24, 897-908ASSENT PLUS:法安明法安明不增加出血风险不增加出血风险02468101214161817.9%16.7%3.6%5.2%15.2%13.3%出血事件()出血事件()法安明(法安明(n=224)普通肝素(普通肝素(n=210)所
24、有出血所有出血严重出血严重出血轻度出血轻度出血L. Wallentin et al. European Heart Journal(2003) 24, 897-908 Rt-PA 进行溶栓治疗,法安明作为进行溶栓治疗,法安明作为 辅助抗凝血酶制剂,疗效优于普通肝素辅助抗凝血酶制剂,疗效优于普通肝素ASSENT PLUS: 结论结论L. Wallentin et al. European Heart Journal(2003) 24, 897-908ASSENT 3 PlusASSENT 3 Plus 主要结果3+3+UFH (N= 821)Enox (N= 818)P=0.08P=0.05P=0.01%有效性有效性 (D/MI/Rec Isch)P=0.03安全性安全性Oral Presentation AHA 2002
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