写作中的语法课件.ppt

1、名词性从句（一）名词性从句（一）1.简述故事情节，揭示寓意道理。简述故事情节，揭示寓意道理。语言观察语言观察：1)Through an example of a disabled boy, we learn that one will finally succeed if he acquires the quality of persistence.2)The passage tells us that despite obstacles and failures, many people with their distinct qualities were able to overcome

2、difficulty and eventually realized their goals and achieved success.Q:文段中用的是什么从句文段中用的是什么从句?在作文的哪个部分常会用到在作文的哪个部分常会用到?2.引出观点引出观点语言观察：语言观察：1) I fully agree that trivial(琐碎的琐碎的)things play an important part in our life.2) Many students still prefer to go to university as they believe the environment of

3、the university is very important for an individuals development and that graduates from key university are more likely to find a job.3.事实现象描写事实现象描写语言观察语言观察:A latest survey shows that the health of Chinese youngsters has greatly declined.宾语从句：转述故事情节，揭示寓意道理，宾语从句：转述故事情节，揭示寓意道理，引出观点态度，交代事实现象，概括归纳引出观点态度，

4、交代事实现象，概括归纳总结。总结。4. 归纳、倡议、号召、总结归纳、倡议、号召、总结语言观察：语言观察：1) Anyway, I wont choose to study abroad because I think that as long as I work hard, I will achieve success wherever I am.2) We do hope that more and more characters like him will come out and inspire us in our life.名词性从句（二）名词性从句（二）主语从句主语从句& 表语从句表

5、语从句1.what2.“It”结构结构3.主表一体句主表一体句 What is that/how/when4.The reason why is that Whoever 与与 those who名词性从句的名词性从句的标志词标志词what语言观察语言观察：1)However, the high cost of studying abroad is more than what ordinary families can afford.2)Another significant quality for a popular person is to remember what is import

6、ant to a certain person and what he is concerned about.3)The story discusses what makes one person different from others even if they are in the same situation.实战演练：实战演练：1._(我在课本上学到的我在课本上学到的) is not practical at all.2.As to _(什么造成如此大的损什么造成如此大的损失失)， it is still a puzzle.3.I am curious about _(接下来会发生什

7、接下来会发生什么事情么事情).What I learned from the text bookwhat caused such great damagewhat will happen nextIt 句型句型It is + clear/obvious/evident that +It is important/necessary/strangethat sb. (should) do sth.It is + a pity/shame thatIt is said/reported/expected/suggested that +It happens/seems/appears/doesnt

8、 matter whether/+It is beyond doubt /out of question that + (毫无疑问毫无疑问)语言观察：语言观察：1.It is evident that to be a likeable person, one needs to show understanding and interest towards others.2. It is still believed that handwritten letters are irreplaceable.3. It is important that all the citizens (shoul

9、d) know the importance of rubbish classification.4. It is a pleasure that I can have a good friend as Li.5. It goes without saying that diligence is more important than intelligence in ones success.实战演练：实战演练：1._(让老师感到很生气让老师感到很生气) he was late for school again.2._(希望希望) the project can be completed be

10、fore the storm comes.3._(是一个坏习惯是一个坏习惯) you are always late for the lecture.It annoyed the teacher thatIts hoped thatIts a bad habit that主表一体句主表一体句语言观察语言观察：1) what troubles me most is that he keeps making noises when doing homework.2) What worried me most was that I found it difficult for me to remem

11、ber new words.实战演练：实战演练：1._(我要建我要建议的是议的是) we should put up some signs to warn people of the potential danger.2. _(真真正重要的是正重要的是) how we can make full use of the limited time.What Id like to suggest is thatWhat really matters isWhoever + 单数单数= those who+ 复数复数Suchas实战演练：实战演练：1._(违反违反校规的人校规的人) deserves

12、to be punished.2._(尊重别人的尊重别人的人人) are to be respected.3._(那那些违背社会公德的人些违背社会公德的人) should be criticized.moralityWhoever breaks school regulationsThose who respect othersSuch people as disobey public morality名词性从句（三）名词性从句（三）语言观察：语言观察：1)From the above discussion, I can safely draw a conclusion that succes

13、s comes to anyone.2)However, 15% of them dont know whom to tell, for the reason that they arent willing to share their inner thoughts.结论得出结论得出:定语从句定语从句1.as2.which3.who/whom4.when/where/why/whoseas置于句首或句中，引起非限制性定语从句，先行词为置于句首或句中，引起非限制性定语从句，先行词为前（后）面的整个句子，往往有前（后）面的整个句子，往往有“正如，正像正如，正像”的的意思。意思。适用于：适用于：图表

14、说明类文章、谚语俗语及其它的事实性图表说明类文章、谚语俗语及其它的事实性内容的引入内容的引入。实战演练：实战演练：1._(正如俗语所云正如俗语所云), “God help those who help themselves.”2._(正如所预料的那样正如所预料的那样)，I improved my English so much that I even won the first prize in the English Oral Contest of my school.3._(如数据所显示如数据所显示), “parents” ranks second for the girls but fo

15、urth for the boys.As the saying goesAs was expectedAs the data shows4. _(众所周知众所周知), honesty is the pillar(核心核心)of a society.As we all knowWhich语言观察：语言观察：1)The book which was written by him is very interesting.2)The picture which is hanging on the wall is painted by Tom.3)We discussed the video which

16、 was on language teaching.思考：这些句子还有其他的表达形式吗？你认思考：这些句子还有其他的表达形式吗？你认为哪种形式更好一些？为哪种形式更好一些？Which 引导的非限制性定语从句（一）引导的非限制性定语从句（一）适用于：适用于：对前面句子所引起的结果进行表述。对前面句子所引起的结果进行表述。语言观察语言观察：1)Every day I needed to wash about 1,000 items of clothing, which was really boring and tiresome.2)Film tickets are getting more an

17、d more expensive, which turns many potential audience away.实战演练：实战演练：1.Recently, my English teacher, Mr. Smith is chosen as an Excellent Foreign Teacher in our city, _(这使我们所有的人都很这使我们所有的人都很高兴高兴)。2.Some advertisements do not give much information but only try to persuade people to buy, _(由此增加了由此增加了) t

18、he cost on goods.which pleased all of usWhich adds to /increases Which引导的非限制性定语从句（二）引导的非限制性定语从句（二）适用于：与前文先行词形成适用于：与前文先行词形成整体与部分整体与部分、方位对比方位对比等等关系由关系由some/all/none/most 介词介词短语或其他名词等短语或其他名词等+which构成构成，多用于说明文，记叙文。，多用于说明文，记叙文。语言观察语言观察：I have a lot of books, most of which are in English.实战演练：实战演练：1.I hav

19、e a lot of habits, _(其中其中) the worst one is that I often find excuses to cover my mistakes.2.There is a library in the southern corner of our school, _(在它后面在它后面) is a swimming pool.among/of whichbehind which3.During the “ earth hour”, people in Sydney will have a one-hour blackout activity throughou

20、t the city, _(这个活这个活动的目的动的目的) is to make people aware of energy saving better.4.A big fire broke out last night, _(以至于以至于) a lot of houses were burned to the ground.the purpose/aim of whichas a consequence of which/so that Who/whom语言观察语言观察：1)Mr. Wang, who is an excellent teacher in our school, has w

21、on the great honor as one of the “10 Excellent Teachers” in our school.2)The girl who is standing under the tree is my sister.思考思考：这些句子还有其他的表达形式吗？你认：这些句子还有其他的表达形式吗？你认为哪种形式更好一些？为哪种形式更好一些？Who用于用于summary 当中，以故事中人物作为先行词以此当中，以故事中人物作为先行词以此作为切入点，作为切入点，概括其所作所为概括其所作所为，从而交代整个故事，从而交代整个故事情节。情节。语言观察语言观察：1)The ar

22、ticle told us a story of a student who had thrown away his years of hard work, great academic achievements and a promising future just for some short-term benefits.2)The passage introduced to us a writer who suffered a lot in his childhood but persevered in the schooling with the help of kind people

23、 and finally achieved his dream.(It tells us the importance of)实战演练：实战演练：1.Soon after the flood, a great number of soldiers were sent to help the rescue, _ _(他们不但给城市带来了水和食物他们不但给城市带来了水和食物), but also built shelters for survivors.2.About 1,000 people were involved in the survey, _(他们当中大多数他们当中大多数) think

24、 the local government should be responsible for this accident.who not only brought drinking water and food to the citythe majority of whom When/where/why/whose常用搭配常用搭配:There was a time when Gone are the days when stage/situation/point/life/activity/whereThe reason whyWhen/where/why=介词介词+whichWhose =

25、 of which the = the of whichSuch/the same/soas the way that/in which/ 实战演练实战演练:1.There was a time _ computer games. (我沉溺于玩电脑游戏我沉溺于玩电脑游戏)when I was addicted to playing 文中要求举例叙述时文中要求举例叙述时2.Now I am in a situation _ _ (我不知道如何提高我我不知道如何提高我的英语成绩的英语成绩)3.He refused to tell me the reason _(他为何迟到他为何迟到)4.This

26、is my life, _(在这里在这里) I have found peace and beauty. where I dont know howto improve my Englishwhy/for which he was latewhere/in which定语从句与名词性从句之间的转换定语从句与名词性从句之间的转换I dont know where he is from.I have no idea where he is from.I dont doubt that the exam will be hard.There is no doubt that the exam wil

27、l be hard.We can conclude from the article that We can draw a conclusion from the article that I will tell you what I know.I will tell you all/anything (that) I know.定语从句与名词性从句之间的转换定语从句与名词性从句之间的转换It is known to all that he is a good man.As we all know, he is a good man.What we all know is that he is

28、 a good man.We all know that he is a good man.That he is a good man is known to all.Whoever breaks the law is to be punished.Those who break the law are to be punished.Such people as break the law are to be punished.写作中的语法是可以预知的写作中的语法是可以预知的,认真研究篇章的认真研究篇章的布局安排布局安排,找准语法在写作中的切入点找准语法在写作中的切入点,练熟练熟常用语法形式常

29、用语法形式,保证临场写作的标准保证临场写作的标准,是有效是有效写作的重要环节写作的重要环节.学会对有效语法点进行筛选学会对有效语法点进行筛选,将固定的语法置于灵活的语境中将固定的语法置于灵活的语境中,不乱用不乱用,不不滥用滥用.每次写完一篇文章每次写完一篇文章,分析范文时分析范文时,不仅要学习不仅要学习和记忆别人好的表达方式和记忆别人好的表达方式,更要思考这个表达更要思考这个表达所用的形式你还可以在文章的哪个部分用上所用的形式你还可以在文章的哪个部分用上,在哪一类文章用上在哪一类文章用上,这样才可以保证在考场有这样才可以保证在考场有限的时间内高质量地完成写作任务限的时间内高质量地完成写作任务.

30、Directions: write an English composition in 120150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.有人认为高三学习就是做试卷、对答案，对学生各方面能有人认为高三学习就是做试卷、对答案，对学生各方面能力的培养几乎没有作用。用具体事例谈谈你对此的看法。力的培养几乎没有作用。用具体事例谈谈你对此的看法。你的文章必须包括以下内容：你的文章必须包括以下内容：1.你的观点；你的观点；2.具体事例。具体事例。审题要点：审题要点：写作时应注意下面几点：写作时应注意下面几点：（1）注意用第一人称；）注意用第一人称；（2）注意用现在时。）注意用现在时。思路点拨：思路点拨：写作要点：写作要点：（1）高三学习的现状：做试卷，对答案；）高三学习的现状：做试卷，对答案；（2）发表观点：赞成或反对；）发表观点：赞成或反对；（3）举出具体事例辅证赞成或反对做试卷，对答案这一）举出具体事例辅证赞成或反对做试卷，对答案这一做法的原因。做法的原因。