比较级-英语语法教学课件.ppt

1、形容词形容词( (adj.) )和副词和副词( (adv.) )形容词：用于修饰名词或代词，描述被修饰成分的性质、特征、状态或属性等。Eg. This is a good book. (修饰名词book) She is beautiful.(修饰代词she)副词：主要用于修饰动词、形容词和副词，描述被修饰成分的特征或状态。Eg. Jim plays basketball well.(修饰动词play) She is very beautiful.(修饰形容词beautiful) Jim plays basketball very well.(修饰副词well)有许多副词是对应的形容词加有许多副

2、词是对应的形容词加ly构成构成,real really如如: Strong strongly词尾是词尾是y的要把的要把y变为变为i再加再加 ly,如如:busy busily happy happily注意注意: :形容词和副词的比较等级（假设A和B为进行比较的人或事物）1、原级：使用形容词或副词原形，表示A与B一样（或不一样）。2、比较级：使用形容词或副词比较级形式，表示A与B二者相比哪一个更。3、最高级：使用形容词或副词最高级形式，表示三者（或三者以上）相比哪一个最。 形容词或副词比较级和最高级的构成词词 尾尾 变变 化化原级原级比较比较级级最高最高级级单音节词在词尾加单音节词在词尾加-e

3、r(比较级比较级)或或-est(最最高级高级)以字母以字母e接尾的词加接尾的词加r或或stTall hard large wide以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或或estBig hot thin fat wet 以辅音字母以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为结尾的词变为i再加再加er,或或estHappy dry early少数以少数以er,ow结尾的双音节词可加结尾的双音节词可加er或或estNarrow clever 多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more 和和most Dif

4、ficult popular slowly1.形容词的规则变化Taller harder larger wider Tallest hardest largest widestBigger hotter fatter wetterBiggest hottest fattest Wettest Happier drier earlierHappiest driest earliestNarrower clevererNarrowest cleverestMore difficult more popularMore slowly Most difficult most popularMost s

5、lowly2. 不规则变化不规则变化原级原级GoodWellBadillManyMuchLittleFarold比较级比较级最高级最高级说明说明巧记：巧记：特殊形式比较级特殊形式比较级共有三对二合一共有三对二合一坏病两多并两好坏病两多并两好little意思不是小意思不是小一分为二有两个一分为二有两个一是老来二是远一是老来二是远Better bestworseworstLess More mostFarther/furtherolderLeast Farthest/furthestoldest形容词或副词比较级和最高级的构成 不规则变化 good/well better, best bad/ba

6、dly/ill worse, worst many/much more, most little less, least * old older, oldest 年长的；老的；旧的 elder, eldest（亲戚关系中）年长的 * far farther, farthest 远的 further, furthest 远的（有更加、进一步的含义）补充说明： few fewer, fewest friendly friendlier, friendliest (adj.) more/most friendly often more/most often形容词或副词各比较等级的基本用法3. 形容词

7、，副词比较等级的用法形容词，副词比较等级的用法等等级级原原级级句句 型型1、as+原级原级+as2、not + so/as + 原级原级+ as例例 句句She is as kind as her mother Lucy didnt do it so/as well as you 比比较较级级比较级比较级 + thanHe is taller than lilei The weather is getting hotter and hotter最最高高级级the+最高级最高级+of /inShe is the tallest one in her class1、原级：使用形容词或副词原形，表示

8、A与B一样（或不一样）。 主要用于A as/(not so) as B 结构。 Eg. 1) Jim is as tall as Mike.Jim is not so tall as Mike.2)Jim works as hard as Mike. Jim doesnt work so hard as Mike.2、比较级：使用形容词或副词比较级形式，表示A与B 二者相比哪一个更。 主要用于A than B 结构。Eg. 1) Jim is taller than Mike.2) Jim works harder than Mike.比较级用法扩展 4.使用形容词比较级时使用形容词比较级时(

9、1)在形容词比较级前可用在形容词比较级前可用much, even ,still ,a little Far, a lot来修饰，表示程度。来修饰，表示程度。(2)可用可用“比较级形式比较级形式+than any other +单数单数名词来表达最高级的意思名词来表达最高级的意思 He is taller than any other student in the school 。注意注意：(3)可用可用the +比较级形式比较级形式+of the two来表达两来表达两者之间的比较。者之间的比较。 如如He is the better of the two 他是两人中较好的他是两人中较好的.(

10、4)可用可用“比较级形式比较级形式+and+比较级形式比较级形式”来表来表达达“越来越的意思，越来越的意思， 表示本身程度的改变，表示本身程度的改变，其动词经常使用其动词经常使用grow ,get， Become , 如如Its spring now . It gets warmer and warmer (5) 可用可用“the +比较级形式，比较级形式，the +比较级形式来表达越比较级形式来表达越就越就越的意思。的意思。如如the more, the better。比较级用法扩展1）比较级前面可以有much, a little, a lot, even等修饰语。 This book is

11、 much better than that one. 好得多2）比较级比较级，表示越来越 hotter and hotter 越来越热 more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮3） than 后面的人称代词用主格或宾格都可以。 He is taller than I (am). He is taller than me.补充： He is the taller of the two boys.3、最高级：使用形容词或副词最高级形式，表示三者（或三者以上）相比哪一个最。 主要用于the in/among/of +所包含人或事物的数量3的集合短语结构。Eg. 1) Jim is

12、 the tallest in our class.2) Jim works (the) hardest of all the boys.最高级用法扩展 最高级用法扩展形容词最高级前的the在以下几种情况下可以省略：1） 该形容词前有物主代词或名词所有格。 He is my/Jims best friend.2） 比较含义模糊。 We are busiest on Monday. This is a most interesting book. 这里的most相当于very。补充： China is one of the most beautiful countries. The Yellow

13、 River is the second longest river in China.5. 使用形容词最高级时使用形容词最高级时(1)可用可用“one of +the 最高级形式最高级形式+名词复数表名词复数表示示“是最是最 之一者。之一者。如：如：one of the most beautiful cities is shanghai 上海是最美的城市之一。上海是最美的城市之一。 (2)用用the +形容词最高级形式形容词最高级形式+in 接接单数名词单数名词用用the +形容词最高级形式形容词最高级形式+of 接接复数名词或复数名词或表示复数的代词表示复数的代词。 如如who is th

14、e tallest in the class? Who is the tallest of the students 。注意注意：（二）（二）1、The bread is _ than these cakesA、Very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious2. Lin Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A. Far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far3. When they met in

15、the hotel . They talked and laughed _A. Happily B. happy C. happier D. happiest4.which is _ season in Beijing ?A. Good B. better C. best D. the best CCAD5. A horse is _ than a dog Much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier 6. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . She is _ Care B. careful C. carefull

16、y D. careless 7. Which subject is _ , physics or chemistry ? Interesting B. most interesting A.C. More interesting D. the most interesting CDC8. He is _ enough to carry the heavy box Strong B. stronger C. much stronger . D. the strongest 9. Li lei often talks _ but does _ so everyone says he is a go

17、od boy A less more B. few much C. more little D. little many 10. When the famous singer started to sing , everyone began to shout very _ Loudly B. loud A.C. heavily D. high AAAn1. Every day the director is the (late) person to leave the office.n2. Singapore is (far) away from the South Pole than fro

18、m the North Pole.n3. The photos of Mars taken by satellite are (clear) than those taken from the Earth.n4. I want to rent a new apartment that is (comfortable) than this one.n5. John is the (clever) student I have ever taught.the latestfartherclearermore comfortablethe cleverestn6. There is a well-k

19、nown proverb: “ the more haste, the (little) speed.”n7. Mary says this is the (bad) decision she has ever make in her career life.n8. The (difficult) the questions are, the less likely I am to be able to answer them.n9. They all came early, but she came (early) of them.n10. That one is no good; this

20、 one is even (bad) .n11. You have made (few) mistakes in your homework than I have.lessworsemore difficultearliestworsefewern12. the seller allowed us to pay on a (month) basis.n13. he is (confidence) even though he has failed the exam several times.n14. I am afraid my attempt to make a cake wasnt very (succeed) .n15. His suggestion turned out to be very (effect) in the improvement of the production.n16. it was very (help) of you to make all the necessary arrangement for us.monthlyconfidentsuccessfuleffectivehelpful