2021年宁波大学硕士考研真题357英语翻译基础.doc

1、宁波大学2021年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(B卷) (答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码： 357总分值： 150科目名称：英语翻译基础一、词语互译（每小题1分，共30分）说明：本部分共30个词语，汉语和英语各15个，或选自国内外时事新闻，或选自翻译理论术语。请将汉语词语翻译为英语，英语词语翻译为汉语。第 1 页 共 2 页1. electronic medical record2. Online to Offline3. Black Lives Matter4. key worker5. self-isolate6. TikToker7. social distancing8. Ar

2、tificial Intelligence9. upper middle-income countries 10. Harmony OS（计算机操作系统）11. Skopos Theory （翻译理论）12. intralingual translation （翻译理论）13. foreignization （翻译理论）14. community interpreting（翻译理论）15. functional equivalence（翻译理论）16. 新冠肺炎疫情17. 上海合作组织18. 以邻为壑19. 减贫20. “双循环”发展格局21. “四个意识”22. 十九届五中全会23. 打工人

3、24. 人均预期寿命25. 突发公共卫生事件26. 恢复跨省游27. 载人航天工程28. 健康码29. 数字货币30. 静音车厢宁波大学2021年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题(B卷) (答案必须写在考点提供的答题纸上)科目代码： 357总分值： 150科目名称：英语翻译基础二、英汉篇章翻译（16060 分）In his classroom in impoverished Walworth（沃尔沃斯）, south London, teacher Alex Beard wrestles with explaining Macbeths dagger scene to his 15-year-old

4、 students. He mourns the fact that he cannot help all of them excel in the approaching public exams so crucial to their future. He helps them over the line to the minimum grade they need to carry on in education. But the frustrating experience inspires the idealistic young teacher to set off on a gl

5、obal quest. He wants to find the magic formula for teaching and learning.Natural Born Learners documents Beards intellectual journey through the schools and research centres that have made inroads into tackling a great puzzle: what should a 21st-century education look like and how can it help all yo

6、ung people, not just the most able or privileged, flourish.Readers should accompany Beard on his travels because, after myriad engaging anecdotes and encounters, he arrives at some conclusions with universal relevance. Life-long learning and early cognitive development are top priorities, as is fost

7、ering critical thinking and creativity as well as the human qualities of empathy and grit.On the way to constructing this tentative manifesto, the author throws in a sometimes-dizzying number of research studies and real-world experiments. We move from expert to practitioner, classroom to laboratory

8、 or social entrepreneurs office. All the heroes and heroines of educational innovation are here: the Finns with their late-starting pupils, high-status teachers and world-beating results; the Boston academics studying infant language acquisition; Asias maths mastery system.But Beard offers more than

9、 a canter round these examples. He has a flair for colour: shafts of Californian sunlight illuminate the artificial intelligence utopianists reciting their credo; chain-smoking Parisian youths bring alive a passage on how to rescue those left cold by conventional schooling. Beards formulation of wha

10、t traditional education achieves is neat to “rank, sort, select” from the mass of young people by means of testing, pushing them into separate pathways chosen early and launching them over hurdles of progressive academic difficulty. Rightly, he argues that this will not serve us well in the future a

11、nd is failing us already, as we realise that young people need to be equipped to “surf the uncertainty of our age”. (382 words)三、汉英篇章翻译（160=60 分）中国经济目前正面临转型期，“走出去”对转型的成功至关重要。一方面，国内经济的发展需要大量的海外自然资源，特别是矿产资源和能源；另一方面，国内产能过剩产业特别是高端装备制造业急需拓展海外市场。此外，为进一步增强全球竞争力，中国企业也需要利用国外的优势资源，引进全球先进技术、管理经验和高端人才。中东欧17国不仅具有较大的市场潜力，而且拥有很多得天独厚的自然资源、欧洲一流的生产技术、成本较低的跨国人力资源和良好的营商环境。尤为重要的是，中东欧国家属转型国家，与中国产业的互补性强，合作机会较多，加之当前中国同中东欧17国双边关系蒸蒸日上，投资中东欧国家应该是中国“走出去”战略当前布局欧洲的一个优先选择。（299字）第 2 页 共 2 页