（2021新）人教版高中英语高一必修第三册Unit5 单词详解 ppt课件.pptx

1、 Unit 5Unit 5 THE VALUE OF MONEYTHE VALUE OF MONEY1.basis n. 基础基础; 根据根据; 基点基点 (复复数数: bases ) on the basis of 在在.的基础上，根据的基础上，根据 on a routine basis 按照常规按照常规 base n. 底部底部; 基础基础; (军事军事)基地基地 v.以以为基础为基础 baseon/upon 把把基于基于 base theory on practice 理论应该以实践为理论应该以实践为基础基础 be based on/upon 以以为基础为基础 Theory should

2、 be based on practice. basic adj. 根本的，基本的根本的，基本的 Is money the basis of a happy life? He was chosen for the job on the basis of his ability.2. raise funds for 为为筹集资金筹集资金 set up the fund 设立基金设立基金 lack of funds 缺乏资金缺乏资金 名词词组名词词组3. take out a loan: 取得取得贷款贷款 get/receive a loan: 获获得贷得贷款款apply for a loan:

3、申请贷款申请贷款pay back a loan: 偿还贷款偿还贷款pay off a loan: 还清还清贷款贷款1)Were going to take out a small business loan.2)I will have to take out a loan to buy a house. 3)She wants to take out a loan for school. 4. apologise/apologize: vi. 道歉道歉;谢罪谢罪 apologise for sth.: 因因.而道歉而道歉 apologise to sb (for.): (因因.而而)向某人向某

4、人道歉道歉apology: n. 道歉道歉;谢罪；认错谢罪；认错 accept/refuse an apology 接收接收/拒绝接收道歉拒绝接收道歉 make an apology to sb 向某人道歉向某人道歉“因因做做某事而向某人道歉某事而向某人道歉”的其他表达：的其他表达：say sorry to sb. fordoing sth.offer an apology to sb. fordoing sth.offer sb. an apology fordoing sth.5. set up 设立，建立，搭起，安装 set up a company/website 开办公司/建立网站

5、set up a tent 搭建帐篷 set up the equipment 安装设备 set about doing sth.= set out to do sth. 着手做某事 set aside 把放在一边；省出；留出 set off 出发,动身,使爆炸,引发,启动,衬托的美丽 set off fireworks 放烟花 set down 写下，记下，让下车 set out 动身，启程【 +for+地点 】，清晰说明，摆设6. draw a conclusion 得出结论得出结论 =arrive at/come to/reach a conclusionbringto a conclu

6、sion 使使结束结束jump to conclusion 匆忙下结论匆忙下结论jump to the conclusion that 匆忙下结论匆忙下结论in conclusion 总之，最后总之，最后conclude from sth. that 从从中推断出中推断出.7. ignore: v. 忽视忽视;对对不予不予理会理会 ignore a warning 忽视警告忽视警告 ignore traffic rules 无视交通规则无视交通规则 ignore personal safety 不顾个人安危不顾个人安危 ignore the fact that 忽略忽略的事实的事实 compl

7、etely/totally ignore 完全忽视完全忽视 ignorant adj. 无知的，愚昧的无知的，愚昧的 be ignorant of/about sth. 对对无知无知 ignorance n.无知，愚昧无知，愚昧 be in ignorance of sth. 对于对于的无知的无知 out of ignorance/through ignorance 出于无知出于无知leave/letalone/be: 不打扰不打扰; 不惊动不惊动leave alone: 更更不用说不用说 8. in return(for.): 作为回报作为回报;作为作为回应回应可可位于句首或句末位于句首或句

8、末in turn: 依次依次; 轮流轮流; 转而转而1)When we help someone, should we expect to get something in return?2)In return, they expect you to work hard and make a contribution to the factory.3)She will buy you a car in return for your help in the past.4)If we drive in turn, we will not be tired.9. judge: v. 评价评价;评判

9、评判;判断判断 n. 法官法官; 审判员审判员; 裁判员裁判员 never judge a person by their looks. 绝不要以貌取人绝不要以貌取人 Dont judge a book by its cover. 不要以貌取人不要以貌取人 as far as I can judge 据我判断据我判断 judgeby 以以评价某人评价某人 judgement/judgment n. 判断判断(力力); 判决判决; 评价评价 make a judgment on/about 就就 做出评价做出评价 judging by/from 从从判断判断10.scene: n. (戏剧或歌剧

10、的戏剧或歌剧的)场场; 现场现场; 场面场面 the scene of the crime 犯罪现场犯罪现场 the scene of the accident 事故现场事故现场 behind the scenes 在后台，在幕后在后台，在幕后 be/come on the scene 出现，到场，在场出现，到场，在场 a delighted rural scene 赏心悦目的乡村风光赏心悦目的乡村风光 scenic adj. 风景优美的风景优美的1)Many firefighters were on the scene immediately. (在现场在现场)2)The driver wa

11、s seen running away from the scene of the accident. 11.bet (bet-bet): n. 打赌打赌;赌注赌注 v.下下赌注赌注;用用打赌打赌win/lose a bet: 赌赢赌赢/赌赌输输bet on sth. 对某事打赌，在某事上下赌注对某事打赌，在某事上下赌注for a bet 为了打赌为了打赌 you bet 当然，肯定的当然，肯定的1)He bet $500 on the final score of the match.2)We can put a bet on almost anything these days.3)I h

12、ave a bet on the horse.12.make a bet : 打个赌打个赌make a bet with sb : 与某人打个赌与某人打个赌make/have/place/put a bet on.: 就就.打赌打赌/下赌下赌Lets make a bet on the football match. 13. servant: n. 仆人仆人;佣人佣人 a public servant: 公务员公务员serve: v. 服服务务; 提提供供; 端上端上; 够够吃吃/用用; 接待接待waiter: n. (男男)服务员服务员 waitress: n. (女女)服务员服务员 1)T

13、hey treat their mother like a servant.2)This man is a hardworking public servant.14.narrator: n.(书书/戏剧或电影中的戏剧或电影中的)叙述者叙述者;讲述者讲述者; (电视节目中的电视节目中的)幕后解说员幕后解说员 narration: n.叙述叙述; 讲述讲述; 解说解说15. as a matter of fact: 事实上事实上;其实其实; 说真的说真的=in fact = in effect = actually=in actual=in realityto make matters wors

14、e 更糟糕的是更糟糕的是It matters a lot. 这极为重要这极为重要1)Its not that/so difficult. As a matter of fact, its quite easy. 2)As a matter of fact, he isnt richer than a beggar.3)You did a good job, as a matter of fact. 16. by accident: 偶然地偶然地; 意外意外地地 =by chance: 偶然偶然地地 accidental adj. 意外的，偶然的意外的，偶然的 quite/completely

15、by accident 完全是偶然完全是偶然 whether by accident or design 不知是偶然还是有意安排不知是偶然还是有意安排反反义：义：by design或或on purpose: 故意地故意地by mistake: 错误地错误地; 无意无意中中1)As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by accident2)We met by accident at the airport.3)Last time I met her in the street by accident.4)She discovered the probl

16、em by accident. 5)The old man got his lost car back by accident.17. sail: v.(船船)航行航行; (人人)乘船乘船航行航行 go sailing: 去航海去航海; 驾帆船航行驾帆船航行 set sail (from/for): 起航起航; 开航开航 sail around the world 乘船环游世界乘船环游世界 set sail for 起航起航前往前往sailor: n. 海员海员; 水手水手1)About a month ago, I was sailing, and towards night I found

17、 myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.2)We discovered that house while we were sailing around the island.18.spot: v. 看见看见;注意到注意到;发现发现 n. 地点地点;处所处所;斑点斑点;污污 spot sb./sth. doing sth. 看到某人看到某人/某物某物on the spot/scene 在现场，当下，当场在现场，当下，当场 1)The next morning I was spotted/ discovered by a ship.2)Can you

18、 spot the difference between these two pictures?3)She is wearing a black skirt with white spots.4)He says the spots are usually caused by too much water.19.dare: v. 胆敢胆敢;敢于敢于情态动情态动词词: 用用于于否定句、疑问句、否定句、疑问句、if条件句条件句；一般；一般现在时无人称现在时无人称或数的变或数的变化化,均均用原形用原形, 后接动词原形后接动词原形。一般。一般过去时要加过去时要加d 。实义动实义动词词: 有人称、数和时态

19、的变化。有人称、数和时态的变化。 一般现在时第三人称单一般现在时第三人称单 数作主语要加数作主语要加s,一般过去时要加一般过去时要加d; 用用do/does/did构成否定句，疑问构成否定句，疑问句及回答。后接句及回答。后接to不定式，不定式，to可以省去。可以省去。 I dare say 我想，很可能，大概我想，很可能，大概1)I darent stand on the top of the tower. There is something wrong with my heart.2)If you dare speak to your teacher like that, I will p

20、unish you.3) -Dare you swim in the river? -Yes, I dare. / No, I darent.1)I went to the American consulate to seek help, but . Anyway, I didnt dare to try again.2)We dare (to) stand in the sun for about twenty minutes.3)She dares (to) jump down the building.4)He dared (to) cross the expressway yester

21、day.5)They will dare to ask such questions as sex.20. sort: n. 种类种类; 类别类别 (没有没有 kind 正式正式) a sort of 一种一种 all sorts/kinds of +名词名词 各种各样的各种各样的 sortby size 把把按大小分类按大小分类 sortinto piles 把把分成堆分成堆 sort out 整理，把整理，把安排好，挑出，解决安排好，挑出，解决 sort out the problems 解决问题解决问题 kind: n. 种类种类 (普通用普通用词词,常常与与 sort/type 换用换

22、用)type: n. 种类种类; 类类型型1)What sort/kind of work did you do in America?2)Hes the sort of person who only cares about money.3)There are many different sorts of animals on the island. 4)Birds can be divided into many kinds/sorts/types.5)What blood type do you have? 21.patience: n. 耐心耐心;忍耐力忍耐力;毅力毅力 have l

23、ittle/no patience with对对.几乎没有几乎没有/没有耐心没有耐心 have the patience to do sth. 有耐心做某事有耐心做某事 lose/run out of patience with 对对失去耐心失去耐心 with patience 耐心地耐心地patient: n. 病人病人 adj. 有耐心有耐心的的, 坚韧坚韧的的 be patient with 对对有耐心有耐心patiently adv.耐心地耐心地1)Patience. If you dont mind, may I ask you how much money you have?2)T

24、eaching children with special needs requires/calls for patience.3)I dont have the patience to teach such children.4)He has no patience for this kind of work. 22. to be honest: 说实话说实话;坦率地坦率地说说 =honestly speaking to tell (you) the truth: 老实说老实说; 说说实话实话to be brief 简而言之简而言之=briefly speakingto be fair 说句

25、公道话说句公道话=fairly speakingto be frank 坦率地讲坦率地讲=frankly speakingto be exact 确切的说确切的说=exactly speakingto conclude 总之总之23.be about to do sth: 即将即将或正要或正要(做某事做某事) (通常不与表示将来的时间状语连用通常不与表示将来的时间状语连用) be about to do sth. when 正要做某事正要做某事这时这时 be on the point of doing sth. when 正要做某事正要做某事这时这时 was/were doing sth. w

26、hen 正在做某事，这时正在做某事，这时 had just done sth. when 刚做完某事，这时刚做完某事，这时1)Yes, I was about to go get the letter.2)The new school year is about to begin.3)The plane is about to take off, andwe must hurry up. 4)I was about to leave when the telephone rang.24.indicate: v. 表明表明; 显示显示; 象征象征; 暗示暗示 indicate fine weat

27、her 预示好天气预示好天气 indicate ones intension 表明某人的意图表明某人的意图 indicate that 预示预示/显示显示 indication n. 迹象，标示迹象，标示 give sb. indication 向某人表明向某人表明 there are clear indications that 有明显的迹象显示有明显的迹象显示1) A red sky at night often indicates fine/good weather the next day.2)Mr. Brown has indicated that he may leave the

28、job.3)The research indicates/shows that smoking is bad for our health. 25. end with 以以结束结束 end up 最终成为，最后处于最终成为，最后处于 end up doing sth. 以做某事而告终以做某事而告终 end up with 以以结束结束后接表示具体事物的名词后接表示具体事物的名词 反义短语：反义短语：begin/start with end up in 以以结束结束后接表示抽象概念的名词及地点名词后接表示抽象概念的名词及地点名词 end up as最终成为最终成为后接表示职位或身份的名词后接表示

29、职位或身份的名词 end in 以以结束结束/告终告终 bring sth. to an end 使某事结束使某事结束 put/bring an end to sth. 结束某事结束某事 come to an end 结束结束1)You have to read between the lines (字里行间字里行间)because the real messages are often hidden beneath the literal(字面意义字面意义 的的) meaning.2)My desk is beneath/below the window. 3)The groundwater

30、 is only four metres beneath/under the city streets.4)There are ten students beneath/under the big tree.26. postpone: v. 延迟延迟; 延期延期; 延缓延缓; 推迟推迟 postpone sth: 延迟延迟/推迟什么推迟什么 postpone doing sth.: 延迟延迟/推迟推迟做做 postpone . till/until/to.: 把把.推迟到推迟到. = put off .(till/until/to.) put off sth: 推迟推迟什么什么1)He had

31、 to postpone opening it until 2 oclock.2) Well have to postpone the sports meeting until/till/to next week.3)The concert has already been postponed five times.27. odd (US): adj.奇怪的奇怪的;怪异的怪异的;反常反常的的;单数的单数的; 偶然的偶然的;不成双的不成双的;不是一对的不是一对的;错配的错配的 oddly adv. 奇怪地奇怪地 strange: adj. 奇怪的奇怪的; 陌生的陌生的(普通用词普通用词) str

32、anger: n. 陌生人陌生人1)Henry felt that was odd.2)They are very odd people.3)Theres something odd/strange about that woman.28. obligation: n.义务义务;职责职责;责任责任 be under an obligation 有义务，欠人情有义务，欠人情 a moral obligation/responsibility/duty 道德义务道德义务 a sense of obligation 责任感，义务感责任感，义务感 have an obligation to do. 有

33、责任有责任/义务做义务做什么什么 obligated adj. 有义务的，有责任的有义务的，有责任的 be/feel obligated to do sth. 觉得觉得有意义做某事有意义做某事 oblige v. 迫使，强迫，帮忙，效劳迫使，强迫，帮忙，效劳 obligate sb. to do sth. 以法律以法律/义务义务强迫某人做某事强迫某人做某事 obliged adj. 感激，感谢感激，感谢 feel/be obliged to do sth. 感觉不得不做某感觉不得不做某事事 be obliged to sb. for sth. 因某事感激某人因某事感激某人1)We have a

34、 moral obligation to protect the environment.2)Governments have at least a moral obligation to answer these questions.29. intention: n.打算打算;计划计划; 意图意图; 目的目的 by intention 故意地故意地 without intension 无意地无意地 good intentions 善意善意 with the intention of 为了为了,目的是目的是 have every intention of doing. 一心想做什么一心想做什么

35、 have no intention of doing. 无意无意/不打算做不打算做什么什么intend: v. 打算打算; 计划计划; 想想要要;意指意指 intend doing/ to do sth. 打算做某事打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事打算让某人做某事intended adj. 为为打算的打算的 be intended for/ to do sth. 为为打算打算或设计或设计的的 intensive adj. 加强的加强的,强烈的强烈的,精耕细作的精耕细作的,集约的集约的1)I have no intention of going to t

36、heir wedding.2)He left Egypt with the intention of travelling in Asia.3)She has told us her intention to attend a key university. get/be stuck in 陷入陷入中，困在中，困在中中 get hurt 受受伤害伤害 get cured 被治愈被治愈 get invited 被邀请被邀请 get broken 坏了坏了 get punished 收到惩罚收到惩罚 get stolen 被偷走被偷走30. nowhere :adv. 无处无处;哪里都不哪里都不

37、()get/go nowhere: 毫无进展毫无进展get sb nowhere: 让某人毫无进展让某人毫无进展 nowhere to be found/seen 不可能找到不可能找到/看见看见nowhere near 远没有，远不及远没有，远不及1)In the film The Million Pound Bank Note, Henry Adams is stuck in a foreign country without money and friends, and with nowhere to stay. 2)There was nowhere for me to sit/stan

38、d/sleep/live. 3)Nowhere can you find such a beautiful city like Dalian.【31. in case: 假如假如;以防以防;以防万一以防万一 后接句子，表示条件或目的后接句子，表示条件或目的(just) in case: 以防万一以防万一in case of: 假如假如; 在在的时候的时候in this case: 既既然这样然这样; 在这种情况下在这种情况下in that case: (假如假如)那样的话那样的话; 既然如此既然如此in any case: 无论如何无论如何;不管怎样不管怎样in no case: 决不决不;

39、绝不绝不 (在句在句首首, 句句子要倒装子要倒装)in most cases 大多数情况下大多数情况下as is often the case 情况常常如此情况常常如此 【常用作非限定性定语从句，常用作非限定性定语从句，as指代整个主句指代整个主句】a classic case 典型的案例典型的案例1)In case it happens to you on a trip abroad, what would you do? 2)You should take the umbrella with you in case it rains hard.3) I will stay around t

40、he park in case you need me. 4)In no case can you leave the child alone at home.32.extent: n. 程度程度;限度限度;大小大小;范围范围 to some extent=to a certain extent =to an extent 在某种程度上在某种程度上extent可换成可换成degree to a great/large extent 在很大程度上在很大程度上 to such an extent that/ to the extent that = so much that 达到如此程度达到如此程

41、度/达到达到的程度的程度1)To some/an extent, this was the truth. 2)I am amazed at the extent of his knowledge.3)The student had changed to such an extent that I no longer recognized him.33. opera: n.歌剧歌剧play: n. 戏剧戏剧 (see/watch a play)Peking Opera: 京剧京剧see/watch an opera: 看歌剧看歌剧go to the opera: 去看歌剧去看歌剧1)I quit

42、e like opera.2)If you have never been to an opera, you havent lived. 34. musical: n. 音乐音乐剧剧 adj.音乐音乐的的 a musical instrument 乐器乐器 musical talent/ability/skill 音乐天赋音乐天赋/才能才能/技巧技巧 musical styles/tastes 音乐风格音乐风格/品味品味music: n. 音乐音乐 play/ perform music 播放音乐播放音乐 write music 作曲作曲 a piece of music 一首乐曲一首乐曲 d

43、ance to music 伴着音乐跳舞伴着音乐跳舞musician: n.音音乐乐家家35.hug: v./n. 拥抱拥抱;抱紧抱紧 过去过去式：式：hugged hug sb. = give sb. a hug 给某人一个拥抱给某人一个拥抱 hug tightly 紧紧地拥抱紧紧地拥抱 give sb. a big hug 热烈地拥抱某人热烈地拥抱某人 with a hug 紧紧拥抱紧紧拥抱embrace: v. (正式正式)拥拥 out of joy 由于高兴由于高兴 out of curiosity 处于好奇处于好奇out of respect 出于出于尊重尊重 out of pity

44、/sympathy出于出于同情同情out of kindness 出于好心出于好心1)I was so surprised at the news that David was going to play the role of the dinosaur in the play that I gave him a hug out of joy.2)She gave her mother a big hug.3)He hugged his mother tightly.4 )The woman sat in the chair, hugging her knees.36. pursue: v.

45、追求追求; 致力于致力于 pursue pleasure / a goal 寻乐寻乐/ 追求目标追求目标 pursue an aim 贯彻宗旨贯彻宗旨 pursuit n. 追求追求 the pursuit of happiness/knowledge/profit 对幸福对幸福/知识知识/利润的追求利润的追求1)Lily decided that she would pursue her dream of becoming an actress.2)She pursues perfection and pays attention to all the fine details. 3)We

46、must pursue the research into the cancer.37. duty n.责任责任;义务义务;职责职责;值班值班 be on duty值班值班,执勤执勤 a sense of duty 责任感责任感 have a duty to do. 有有责任责任/义务做什么义务做什么 (上面两个短语可改为上面两个短语可改为responsibility/obligation) do ones duty for.: 为为.尽责尽责 report for duty at.: 某时报到上班某时报到上班 go off duty: 下班下班 get off work: 下班下班 go t

47、o work: 上班上班 be on/off duty 上班上班/下班下班 it is ones duty to do. 是是某人的某人的职责职责 perform ones duty 尽职责尽职责 on duty: 值班值班;值值勤勤;值日值日 off duty: 不值日不值日/班班/勤勤 on night duty: 值值夜班夜班 on duty during the day: 白天白天值班值班 on duty during (the festival): 假日假日1)Who is on duty today?2)It is my duty to report it to the polic

48、e.3)He considers it his duty to serve the people heart and soul.4)The girl is on duty eight hours every day.38. hesitate: v.犹犹豫豫; 迟疑迟疑; 顾虑顾虑 hesitate about/over: 对对犹豫不决犹豫不决 hesitate to do: 做做.有顾虑有顾虑;不愿做不愿做什么什么 dont/never hesitate to do sth. 毫不犹豫地做某事毫不犹豫地做某事 hesitation: n. 犹豫犹豫; 疑虑疑虑;迟疑迟疑;不情愿不情愿 with

49、out hesitation 毫不迟疑地，毫不犹豫地毫不迟疑地，毫不犹豫地1) Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any questions about it.2)Do not hesitate to laugh at anything you find amusing. 3) I didnt hesitate for a moment about taking the job.39. sequence: v. 按按顺序排列顺序排列 n. 顺序顺序;一系列一系列a sequence of .: 一系列一系列; 一连串一连串a se

50、quence of plays/accidents: 连续剧连续剧/一连串一连串事故事故1)The human genome(基因组基因组) has now been sequenced.2)These pages are out of sequence. 3)The article deals with the events in historical sequence.4)The tasks have to be performed in a particular sequence. (按一定顺序按一定顺序)40. eventually: adv.最后最后;终于终于 eventually