Unit 5课文填空与翻译-(2022新)人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册.docx

1、2019人教版高中英语选择性必修一 课文填空与中英文对照Unit5 Working the Land Listening and thinkingP50A Pioneer for All People造福全人类的先驱者Para.1 Yuan Longping, known as the father of hybrid rice1.( ), is one of Chinas most famous scientists. Yet, he considers himself a farmer because he 2._(continue) works the land in his resea

2、rch. Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers,3._whomhe has4._(把.献给;专心于)his life.Para.2 Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing. His parents wanted him 1._(pursue) a career in science or medicine. However, 2._ concerned him most was that farmers often had p

3、oor harvests and sometimes even had a serious3._(不足;缺少)of food to eat. 4._ _ _ _(为了应对这一危机), he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.Para.3 After graduating in 1953, heworked asa researcher. Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were

4、not the 1._(solve). Instead, farmers needed toboostyields2.( ) in the fields they had. 3._ this could be done was a 4._(challenge) question at the time. Yuan was5._(坚信;深信)that the answer could be found in the 6._(create) of hybrid rice. A hybrid is a cross between two or more 7._(vary) of a species.

5、 One8._(特征;特点;品质)of hybrids is that they usually9._(获得;得到)a higher yield than10._(传统的)crops. However, whetherit was possible todevelop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants 11.( )such as rice was a matter of great debate. The common12._(假定;设定)then was that it could not be done.Through13._(十分强烈的;激烈的)ef

6、fort, Yuan14._(克服;解决;战胜)enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that couldbe used forfarming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers 15._ _ _ _ _(大幅增加他们的产量).Para.4 Today,1._ _ _ _(据估计) about 60 percent of 2._(国内的) rice 3._(消耗;消耗量;消费) in China is comprised of 4.( )crops 5._(产生;引

7、起;使.形成) from Yuans hybrid strains 6.( ), and his strains have allowed Chinas farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. Yuans 7._(创新;创造) has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well, such as India and Vietnam. Because of his 8._(value) contri

8、butions, Yuan Longping has received numerous 9.( )awards both in China and abroad.Para.5 Given that 1.( )Yuans hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he wouldretire toa life of2._(闲暇;休闲). However, this is far from the case. 3._ _ (在内心深处;本质上;实际上), Yuan is still very much a farmer at hea

9、rt. As a man of the4._(泥土;土壤), he cares little for5._(名望;名誉;名流)or money. Instead, he makes large 6._(donate) to support agricultural research.Para.6 1._ impresses people most about Yuan Longping is 2._ _ _ _ _ _ _(他的不断实现梦想的能力). Long ago, he envisioned 3.( )rice plants as tall as sorghum4.( ), with e

10、ach ear of rice as big as a broom 5.( ), and each6._(谷物;谷粒;颗粒)of rice as huge as a peanut. Hesucceeded in producinga kind of rice that could feed more peopleat home and abroad. His latest7._(想象;视野;视力)for seawater rice has also become a8._(real), and potentiallyopened upnearly one million square kilo

11、metres of9._(salt)land in China for rice production. Despite his 10._(advance) years, Yuan Longping is still youngat heartand full of vision, and everyone is waiting to see 11._ he will dream up next.参考答案Para.1 1.杂交水稻之父 2.continually 3.to 4.devotedPara.2 1.to pursue 2.what 3.shortage 4.Totacklethisc

12、risis Para.3 1.solution 2.提高产量 3.How 4.challenging 5.convinced 6.creation 7.varieties 8.characteristic 9.attain 10.conventional 11.自花授粉植物 12.assumption 13.intense 14.overcame 15.toexpandtheiroutputgreatlyPara.4 1. it is estimated that 2.domestic 3.consumption 4.包括;包含;由.组成 5.generated 6.杂交水稻品种 7.inno

13、vation 8.invaluable 9.众多的;许多的Para.5 1.conj.鉴于 2.leisure 3.Deep down 4.soil 5.celebrity 6.donationsPara.6 1.What 2.his ongoing ability tofulfill his dreams 3.展望;想象 4.高粱 5.扫把;扫帚;金雀花 6.grain 7.vision 8.reality 9.salty 10.advanced 11.what袁隆平，被誉为杂交水稻之父，是中国最著名的科学家之一。然而，他认为自己是个农民，因为他不断地在田间耕作，进行科学研究。确实，他瘦削但

14、结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千百万中国农民一样。袁隆平1930年出生于北京。他的父母希望他从事科学或医学方面的工作。然而，最让他担心的是，农民经常歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。为了应对这一危机，他选择了学习农业，并在重庆的西南农学院接受教育。1953年毕业后，他从事研究工作。袁隆平意识到，解决问题的办法并不是扩大农田面积，而是农民们需要提高他们已有土地上农作物的产量。如何做到这一点在当时是一个具有挑战性的问题。袁隆平坚信，可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到答案。杂交植物是一个物种的两个或多个变种之间的杂交。杂交作物的一个特点是它们的产量通常比常规作物高。然而，是否有可能培育出如水稻等自花授粉植物

15、的杂交种，这是一个充满争议的问题。人们普遍认为这是不可能做到的。通过不懈的努力，袁隆平克服了巨大的技术难题，于1974年研制出了第一批可用于农业生产的杂交水稻。这种杂交植物使农民能够大幅度增加他们的水稻产量。据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。袁隆平的创新不仅帮助养活了中国，也养活了许多其他依赖大米的国家，如印度和越南。因为他做出了不可估量的贡献。袁隆平在国内外获得了无数奖项。考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。然而，事实远非如此。实际上，袁隆平在内心深处

16、仍然是一位农民。作为一个土生土长的人，他不太在乎名利。相反，他大量捐款支持农业科学研究。袁隆平给人印象最深的是他不断实现梦想的能力。很久以前，他设想水稻高至高粱，稻穗大如扫帚，而每粒稻谷大如花生。他成功地种植出一种可以养活国内外更多人口的水稻。他对海水稻的最新设想也已成为现实，并可能在中国开辟近100万平方公里的盐碱地，用于水稻生产。尽管年事已高，袁隆平的内心仍然年轻，富有远见，每个人都在等着看他下一步的梦想。Unit5 Using Language(P55)Chemical Versus Organic Farming 化学与有机农业的比较Para.1 Chemical pesticides

17、 and artificial fertilisers have been in1._(普遍的;广泛的)use in farming since the middle of the 20th century. When they were first 2._(introduce), many farmers welcomed them 3._ a great way to fight crop disease and increase 4._(produce). Over time, however, 5._ some scientists have found is 6._ their lo

18、ng-term use can sometimes harm both the land and peoples health.Para.2 For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria 1.( )and insects, but also helpful ones.In 2._(add), these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time. This affect

19、s the crops 3._(grow) on the land and,4._ _(相应的;转而;依次;轮流), the animals and humans who5._(消化)them. Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer. In fact, some pesticides like DDT have been 6._(禁止;阻止) in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and th

20、e environment.As forchemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast tobe rich in7._(营养). They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than8._ _(必需的矿物质), and they often have less 9._(味道) as well.Para.3 As an1._(可供选择的事务), some farmers have switched t

21、o 2._ _(有机耕作), and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local3._(食品杂货店) Organic farming is simply farming without 4._(use) any chemicals. Organic farmersfocus onkeeping their soil rich andfree of5.( )disease through natural means. For example, many organic farmers use nat

22、ural waste from animals as fertiliser 6.( ). This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals. It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals.Para.4 Organic farmers also use many other methods 1._(produce) rich soil. They often change the kind of crop 2._(grow) in each field e

23、very year.For3._(例子;实例), they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. 4._ different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, 5._(make) it ready again for the next batch of crops. Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that

24、 use different6._(深度)of soil to help keep it rich. For example, peanuts grow on the grounds surface, but many other vegetables put down deep7._(根). The goal of using different organic farming methods is 8._(grow) good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to peoples health.Para.5 Some peo

25、ple would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture1._(全部地;完整地;完全地). 2._keeps them from doingso is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near able tomeet that need. 3._, there is still a long way 4._(find) a suit

26、able solution that puts sufficient 5.( )food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environmentas healthy as possible.参考答案Para.1 1.widespread 2.introduced 3.as 4.production 5.what 6.thatPara.2 1.细菌 2.addition 3.grown 4.in turn 5.digest 6.prohibited 7.nutrition 8.essential minerals 9.flavou

27、rPara.3 1.alternative 2.organic farming 3.grocery. 4.using 5.无.的 6.肥料 7.Para.4 1.to produce 2.grown 3.instance 4.Why 5.making 6.depths 7.roots 8.to grow 9.Para.5 1.entirely 2.What 3.Therefore 4.to find 5.足够的;充足的 自20世纪中叶以来，化学农药和人工肥料在农业中得到了广泛的应用。刚开始使用的时候，很多农民都很欢迎，认为这是防治作物病害和提高产量的好办法。但随着时间的推移，一些科学家发现，长

28、期使用它们有时会损害土地和人们的健康。例如，农药不仅会杀死有害的细菌和昆虫，还会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫，从而破坏土地。此外，这些化学物质会在土壤和地下水源中停留很长时间，这会影响到土地上种植的作物，进而影响到消化这些作物的动物和人类。很多人担心这些化学物质会让他们生病，甚至致癌。事实上，一些杀虫剂，如DDT，由于对人和环境的破坏，大多数国家已经禁止使用。至于化肥，使用化肥种植的农作物通常生长过快，营养不丰富。但里面通常含有更多的水分而不是必需的矿物质，而且它们的味道往往也较差。作为一种选择，一些农户已经改用有机耕作，许多顾客在当地杂货店购物时也转而选择有机食品。有机耕作就是不使用任何化学品的简单

29、耕作。有机农户专注于通过自然手段保持土壤肥沃和没有疾病。例如，许多有机农民使用动物的天然废物作为肥料。这使得他们田地里的土壤含有更丰富的矿物质。它还能使空气、土壤、水和农作物不含化学物质。有机农民还使用许多其他方法来培养肥沃的土壤。他们经常改变每年在每块田里种植的作物种类。例如，他们可能会在某块田里种植玉米或小麦，然后在第二年种植豆类。为什么要种植不同的农作物，是因为他们把重要的矿物质释放回地里，让它再次为下一批农作物做好准备。有机耕种的农民还种植多样化的作物，利用不同深度的土壤来帮助保持土壤的肥沃。例如，花生生长在地表，但许多其他蔬菜却把根扎得很深。使用不同的有机耕作方法的目的是种植好的食物，同时避免对环境或人们的健康造成损害。有些人希望在农业中完全停止使用人造化学品。阻止他们这样做的原因是，化学农业服务于全世界对食物的高需求。有机农业远远不能满足这种需求。因此，要找到一个合适的解决方案，既能让餐桌上有足够的食物，又能让人们和环境尽可能地保持健康，还有很长的路要走。5