上海市杨浦区2022届高三下学（4月）高考二模考试地英语试题（含答案）.doc

1、2021学年度第二学期期中线上教学质量评估高三英语学科2022. 4（满分: 115分答题时间: 105分钟）I. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given wo

2、rd; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Life-Givers of the Desert: Oases throughout the WorldOases(绿洲)have had a strong influence on the development of society in desert regions. Aspects of trade as well as military and political power have all been impacted by oases. M

3、erchants have relied on these fertile zones(21)_(get)access to vital water, food, and other supplies on their journeys. Historically, the Bahariya Oasis, (22)_(locate)370 kilometers from Cairo, is remarkable. During the ancient time, this water reserve was an agricultural center. More recently, tour

4、ism has brought important income to the region, which(23)_(stretch)more than 2, 000 square kilometers. Its not surprising(24)_fascinated history lovers are by the areas history and geographical features. In recent years, more than 100 golden mummies(25)_(discover)as part of a tomb system, which rada

5、r has shown to include more than 10,000 mummies. This amazing discovery was made in 1996, (26)_ a donkey fell into a hole and the animals owner saw the face of a shiny, golden-colored mummy inside. The mummies are near another significant piece of history: the Temple of Alexander the Great. Visitors

6、 to the region can also see tombs (27)_(cut)out of huge rocks. (28)_dating back to 2500 years ago, the tombs were in such condition as could be determined to belong to a wealthy family. In terms of physicalfeatures, Bahariya is known for its hot and cold springs and Crystal Mountain, which is not re

7、ally a mountain but rather large masses of various types of crystals. Sitting in sharp contrast to the tough, dry conditions that surround (29)_, oases are remarkable. They exist (30)_delicate yet crucial ecosystems, providing significant agricultural, tourism, and life-giving benefits to the region

8、s. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. stimulation B. scared C. practice D. frustrating E. wanderingF. trusted G. readily H. respond I. simply J. stuff K. grateful The Ben

9、efits of BoredomHow did you feel on the last day of the term? Perhaps you were excited for an upcoming holiday, or (31)_because morning lie-ins were now possible. Whatever you felt, you probably werent bored. As the weeks roll on, though, boredom has a way of catching you up. As (32)_as this might f

10、eel, it can actually be good for you to be bored. What happens when you are bored?When you feel bored, your brain is (33)_struggling to find something to activate its nerves. If it cant find (34)_, for example, by watching television, your mind will look inwards. Thats when you daydream or you find

11、your mind “(35)_”. Scientists have found that daydreaming gives your brain the space to solve problems. It can also stir imagination, ideas and creativity. Is boredom good for you?Sandi Mann, who wrote a book called The Science of Boredom, believes that everyone should accept boredom (36)_. Accordin

12、g to her research, “People who are bored are more creative.”Mann also says that accepting boredom means youre less likely to become bored, “because the more new and exciting things we experience, the more we want, so we become less accepting of the boring (37)_.”What if boredom makes you restless?Le

13、arning how to accept and (38)_to boredom is important. Many people find boredom to be an uncomfortable feeling. Thats OKwith (39)_, you can learn to “sit with”that feeling and to use it to find fun and meaningful activities to do. Theres also a difference between feeling bored from time to time and

14、feeling indifferent or uninterested in things over a long period. If that happens, talk to a(40)_adult who will be able to help you. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrasesmarked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with th

15、e word or phrase that best fits the context. AI-based Conservation EffortsWhen an endangered seabird hits a power line, it makes a sound“very much like the laser sound from Star Wars,”says conservation(野生动物保护)biologist Marc Travers. He should(41)_as his team from the Endangered Seabird Recovery Proj

16、ect recorded thousands of hours of audio to determine if power lines affected local seabirds. Travers was trying to help establish how(42)_birds were killed bypower lines on the island of Kauai in Hawaii in 2011. His team recorded 600 hours of audio and sent the recordings to Conservation Metrics, a

17、 company that assists conservation efforts with AI resources. Conservation Metrics used a program to “listen”to the recordings and (43)_the sounds that signified bird electrocutions(触电身亡) . The result was (44)_, as the number of bird electrocutions was in the thousands. Armed with(45)_that power lin

18、es were killing a significant number of birds, the team worked with the local utility service to reduce bird deaths. (46)_, humans have been poor guardians of the planet. Humans have altered as much as 97 percent of land ecosystems. Key populations of (47)_animals have dropped as much as 68 percent

19、since 1970. The (48)_in biodiversity around the world has created a depressing situation. Conservation efforts(49)_key resources they need to have real impacts. (50)_, humans now have AI-based tools that can help. AI can quickly and accurately (51)_large amounts of data created by observations in th

20、e field. Then other programs such as PAWS (Protection Assistant for Wildlife Security) can help analyze the data and suggest the most (52)_ ways to focus conservation efforts. In large national parks and wildlife reserves, poachers(偷猎者) are a danger for animals both big and small. Some animals are w

21、orth a lot of money on the black market. Park guards are left with an impossible task because there is too much land to (53)_. But the PAWS program allows guards to focus their efforts. PAWS has even predicted the (54)_of traps in areas not yet patrolled (巡逻) by rangers!We still face many challenges

22、 to (55)_the loss of wildlife, but AI-powered programs promise to be a powerful conservation tool. 41. A. assume B. know C. hopeD. lead42. A. frequently B. directly C. violently D. rarely43. A. imitate B. locate C. count D. present44. A. puzzling B. demanding C. disturbing D. uplifting45. A. justice

23、 B. proofC. image D. wisdom46. A. In theoryB. By definition C. On the contrary D. By many measures47. A. monitored B. enclosed C. requested D. overlooked48. A. decline B. expansion C. climb D. quality49. A. supply B. renew C. lack D. invent50. A. Obviously B. Fortunately C. Interestingly D. Initiall

24、y51. A. give away B. sort through C. get over D. make up52. A. exclusive B. delicate C. effective D. special53. A. convey B. mark C. cover D. hide54. A. emergence B. movement C. evolutionD. existence55. A. recover B. reverse C. removeD. revealSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. E

25、ach passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in thepassage you have just read. (A)The men glanced around the living room which Hana had taken great

26、 pains to decorate properly. A new flowered rug lay on the floor, and fresh white curtains that Kiku had helped Hana sew hung at the windows. The first tight buds of the flowering peach in their yard had begun to bloom, and knowing there would be callers, Hana had arranged a bunch on the table. “We

27、ll come right to the point,”a tall red-headed man said without bothering to sit down. “Thereve been some complaints from the neighbourhood about having Japanese on this block,”Taro caught his breath. “I see. Can you tell me who it was that complained?”“Just some of the neighbours.”“What is it that w

28、e have done to offend them?”“Well, nothing specific.”Taro looked at each of the men in turn and tried to keep his voice steady. “Gentlemen,”he began. “My wife and I looked many, many months to find a home where we might raise our daughter. When the owner said there would be no objection to our movin

29、g in here, we trusted him. It was a dream come true for us. We have already spent much time and money to make this house our home. And now, you would ask us to leave?”Taro dared not stop before he finished all he wanted to say: “I should like to meet those neighbours who object to us,”he said. “Is i

30、t any of you gentlemen?”The men looked uncomfortable. “Were just here to represent them.”“Then please invite them to come talk to me. If they can tell me why we arent desirable or why we do not deserve their respect, I shall consider their request. I am the proprietor of Takeda Dry Goods and Grocers

31、 on Seventh Street and I would be happyto have them visit my shop as well.”The men glanced uneasily at one another and had nothing more to say. 56. The main purpose of the gentlemens visit was to _.A. arrange a meeting for Taro to talk with the angry neighbours B. make Taro aware of the complaints a

32、bout the familys decorations C. tell Taro that his family was not welcome in the neighbourhood D. extend their welcome to the family to settle in the neighbourhood57. The underlined word “proprietor”is closest in meaning to _.A. owner B. newcomerC. customer D. caller58. Which description best reflec

33、ts Taros character?A. He was eager to avoid conflicts. B. He was brave to defend his rights. C. He was offensive and disrespectful. D. He was considerate of others feelings. 59. What social problem is revealed in the story?A. Unsafe neighbourhood. B. Illegal Immigration. C. Housing shortage. D. Raci

34、al prejudice. (B)Football star inspires poetry pupils. Rio Ferdinand is one of the Premier Leagues greatest ever players. He made his first appearance in the League for West Ham in the 1995-96 season and by the time he retired from the 2014-15 season, he had won the Premier League title six times wi

35、th Manchester United. Ferdinand was eager to be a judge in the Premier League Writing Stars competition, where children can hand in their own poem on thetheme of diversity. Ferdinanddecided to drop in on his old school, Camelot Primary in Peckham, London, and answer some questions. Are you excited t

36、o be a judge for the Premier League Writing Stars poetry competition?“Im very excited because you get the chance to see what the kids are up to now and how the kids think. Its really important for people to express themselves through words. I cant wait to read all of the poems.”When you were at scho

37、ol, what subject did you like the most?“I like drama, PE and English. These were my three strongest subjects at school.”What was your favourite book at school?“As a kid, my favourite book was The Twits by Roald Dahl.”The Premier League Writing Stars competition asks us to celebrate the ways in which

38、 we are beautifully different andwonderfully the same. Why is this an important theme?“It is an important theme because it is true. Ive been to many parts of the world and everyone is similar in the way they are. Everywhere you go, there are a lot of different people in the world, but we are very mu

39、ch the same in many ways.”COMPETITION Why not write your own poem on the theme of diversity for the Premier Writing Stars competition?Last year, more than 25,000children entered. You could even write a rap or song lyrics. Your class could win a poetry workshop and have the Premier League trophy visi

40、t your primary school! Rio Ferdinands fellow judges include poet Joseph Coelho, musician Olly Murs and writer Lauren Child. There will be two national winners and ten regional winners from both key stage 1 (five to seven years old) and key stage 2 (seven to 11 years old). The closing date is Friday

41、13 May, so get your teacher to register on PLPrimaryS this week!60. To enter the competition, an applicant must _.A. be under the age of seven B. hand in a poem this week C. write about the theme of diversity D. register on Friday 13 May61. What can be learned about Rio Ferdinand?A. He rose to fame

42、for the poems he wrote back at school. B. He once dropped out of Camelot Primary in Peckham. C. He has been an organizer of the competition since 2015. D. He is delighted to be the judge in the competition. 62. The purpose of the poster is to _.A. promote the popularity of the competition B. introdu

43、ce the association of Premier League C. motivate children to do sports in their spare time D. bridge the gap between sports and literature(C)Wild animals are equipped with a variety of techniques to avoid becoming lunch for a bigger animal, also known as a predator(捕食者)in nature. The most well-known

44、 methods include the classic fight and flight as well as freeze. A team of researchers wondered whether closeness to people might impact those survival strategies. “We often see that animals are more tolerant around us in urbanareas, but we dont really know why.”says evolutionary biologist Dan Blums

45、tein. “Is it individual plasticity, meaning individuals change their fear of us and that leads to tolerance?Or can there be an evolutionary factor involved?”To find out, Blumstein and his colleagues combined information from 173 studies of over 100 species, including mammals, birds, fish and even mo

46、llusks. It turns out that regardless of evolutionary ancestry, the animals react in a similar way to life among humans: they lose their anti-predator characteristics. That pattern is especially pronounced for plant-eating animals and for social species. This behavioral change isperhaps unsurprising

47、when its intentional, the result of domestication or controlled breeding. But it turns out that urbanization alone results in a similar change, though around three times more slowly. The main point is: were essentially domesticating animals by urbanization. Were selecting for the same sorts of chara

48、cteristics that we would if we were actually trying to domesticate them. If the urbanization process helps animals better co-exist with people, it could be to their benefit. But if it makes them more defenseless to their nonhuman predators, it could be a real problem. Either way, these results mean that city living has enough of an influence on wild animals that evolutionary processes kick in. Th