Unit+4+Words+and+expressions+ ppt课件-（2022新）人教版高中英语选择性必修第三册.pptx

1、UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE逆境与勇气Warriors are on the thorny path.勇士是在充满荆棘的道路上前行的。They showed strong perseverance in the face of difficulty. All happiness are from the extraordinary struggle and perseverance! She persevered with her violin lessons.Observe the sentenceson the left. n.毅力 v.坚持persevere

2、in (doing) sth. 坚持；孜孜以求persevere with/in sth. 对.坚持不懈翻译句子虽然条件艰苦，但他仍然坚持学习。in adversity 在困境/逆境中 in a dilemma 处于窘境/困境中in trouble 在麻烦中 in need 在危难/贫困中in difficulty/difficulties 在困难中(pl. adversities)n. 困境；逆境wages of 200 a week 一星期200英镑的工资offer/pay/raise a wage 提供/支付/上调工资wage sth. (against/on sb./sth.) 开始/

3、发动/进行/继续(战争/战斗等) (pl. wages)n. 工资 v. 开展，发动（运动或战争） wage n. 工资 (小时/天/周工资)salary n. (月)工资; 薪水 (也可用来表示年薪)pay n. 工资; 薪水get a rise/raise: 涨工资The medicine tastes rather bitter. Its been bitterly cold here in Moscow. The bitter quarrels have finally ended their relationship.She is very bitter about losing h

4、er job. 味苦的 严寒的 激烈而不愉快的 愤恨的bitterly adv. 痛苦地;愤恨地;极其bitterness n.苦味; 痛苦; 悲痛; 酷烈单句语法填空单句语法填空Im still _ the whole affair. He _(bitter) regretted his rudeness. bitter aboutbitterlyObserve the sentenceson the left.plan/lead/go on an expedition to . 计划/带队/去.探险a shopping expedition 外出购物 n. 探险；远征；探险队 (pl. e

5、xpeditions)endure hardship 吃苦beyond endurance 忍无可忍 n. 忍耐力；耐久力 endure v. 忍受; 持续be full of energy/vigour 精力充沛精力充沛vigorous vrs adj. 精力充沛的精力充沛的; ;充满活力的充满活力的; ;朝气蓬勃的朝气蓬勃的vigorously/energetically adv. 精力充沛精力充沛地地; ;活泼地活泼地n. 精力；力量；活力 energy n. 精力; 力量; 活力; 能源energetic adj. 精力旺盛/充沛的1.We have turned down four

6、applicants already.2.Can you turn the TV down? Im trying to work.However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasnt qualified.(P38)拒绝(提议、建议或提议人);调低,关小turn on/off 打开/关掉(水、煤气、电灯等)turn to 求助于; 致力于;翻到;转向(to是介词)turn into 变成 turn in 上交(物品

7、) turn up 调大，开大(音量等);突然露面turn out that. 结果是 turn over 翻转;仔细考虑;移交;转让Observe the sentenceson the left.reject/refuse 单句语法填空1. If you turn _ Page 40, you will find it. 2. While in trouble, you can turn _ her for help. 3. He didnt turn _ at the meeting until half past ten. 4. Your father is working, so p

8、lease turn _ the TV a little.5. Now you must turn _ your radio and go to bed at once. offtotoupdownqualify vt. 使具有资格；证明合格 vi. 取得资格；有资格qualification n. 资格；资历；学历1.She hasnt graduated from college, so she is not qualified for a surgeon.2.They qualified for the World Cup.3.A victory in this game will ea

9、rn them qualification for the World Cup.be qualified for sth. 具有做某事的资格，知识或技能具有做某事的资格，知识或技能be/feel qualified to do sth. 有资格做某有资格做某事事qualify for sth. 有权；使用权有权；使用权(做某事做某事)qualify sb. for sth/to do sth. 使某人具备做某事的资格使某人具备做某事的资格have the qualifications for 有资格做某事有资格做某事satisfysatisfiedsatisfactionObserve the

10、 sentenceson the left. adj. 符合资格;具备的知识（或技能、学历等）完成句子(1)In this job, experience counts for more than paper _ (qualify) .(2)We think this young man is not _(qualify) to do this job.(3)This training course will _(qualified) you for a better job.(4) The test will qualify you (drive) the new car.通过这项考试你就有

11、资格驾驶这辆新车了。通过这项考试你就有资格驾驶这辆新车了。qualificationsqualifiedqualifyto drive adj. 热情的；热心的(1)be enthusiastic about 对对热情热情/感兴趣感兴趣(2)enthusiasm n. U热情热情;热爱的事物热爱的事物 with enthusiasm 热情地热情地(3)enthusiast n. 热心者热心者(4)enthusiastically adv. 热心地；狂热地热心地；狂热地单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)Hes always been very enthusiastic _ sports. (2)To

12、day, I am just as _ (enthusiasm) about my job as the day I first started. (3)Every day, she works _ (enthusiastic). aboutenthusiasticenthusiasticallyaboard the plane/ship/bus/train 在飞机在飞机/ /船船/ /公共汽车公共汽车/ /火车上火车上go/get aboard the plane/ship/bus/train 登机登机/上船上船/公共汽车公共汽车/火车火车All aboard! 请大家上车请大家上车/上船上

13、船/上火车！上火车！get into/out of a car(train/ship) 上上/下小车下小车(火车火车/船船)get on/off a bus (plane/ship/train) 上上/下公车下公车(飞机飞机/船船/火车火车) adv. & prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)board n. 板子; 地板; 董事会 v.abroad adv. 到国外; 去国外; 在国外kitchen cupboards 厨柜 built-in cupboards 壁橱 (pl. cupboards)n. 橱柜; 壁橱;衣柜 He assigned me to be a steward, a

14、nd I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day. (Page 38)assignment n.分配的工作、任务分配的工作、任务assign sth. to sb. / assign sb. sth. 把把分配给分配给assign sb. (to sth. /as sth. ) 指定; 指派assign sb. to do sth. 派某人做某事(1)The teacher assigned a different task _ each of the children.(2)You need to complete th

15、ree _ (assign) each week.toassignmentsvt.分配，分派，分配，分派，指派指派(任务任务)，布置布置【即学活用】【即学活用】语法填空语法填空(1)The task _ (assign), dangerous or otherwise, must be finished as scheduled. (2)The reporter was assigned _(cover) the news. (3) He has just come off a difficult _(assign). (4)The teacher has _ (assign) each of

16、 us a holiday task since two days ago. assignedto coverassignmentassignedcome off 举行，成功，表现，脱离举行，成功，表现，脱离stewardess n.(轮船/飞机/火车上的)女乘务员; 女服务员servant n. 仆人; 佣人; 公务员; 雇员passenger n. 乘客; 旅客 n. (轮船/飞机/火车上的)男乘务员; 男服务员(pl. stewards)(pl. stewardesses)How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them a

17、bout the amazing places I have been to!完成句子完成句子1.他们羡慕我上一次抓住了那次机会。他们羡慕我上一次抓住了那次机会。They _ _ _ _ _ last time.2.我想他并不妒忌你的成功。我想他并不妒忌你的成功。I dont think he _ _ _ your success.envied me seizing theopportunityis envious ofget crushed 被压碎 be crushed to death in the accident 在事故中压死a big crush in the theatre bar

18、 剧院酒吧里拥挤不堪的人群 vt. 毁坏；压坏；压碎 n. 拥挤的人群crash v./n. 坠毁; 猛撞; 碰撞; 撞击crowd n. 人群; 群众; 观众 v. 拥挤; 挤满; 塞满 (sank/sunk - sunk) vi. 沉没沉没;下沉下沉; 下降下降 vt. 使下沉使下沉; 使沉没使沉没n. 水槽，水池水槽，水池be sunk in sth. 陷入不快（或沉思）中陷入不快（或沉思）中sink to the bottom of the sea 沉入海底沉入海底The match was abandoned because of bad weather.The search for

19、 the missing sailors was abandoned after two days.The child was abandoned by his parents. Eventually the abandoned boy was found wandering in the street depressedly. 取消 终止；放弃抛弃abandoned adj. 被抛弃的；被抛弃的；被遗弃的被遗弃的abandon oneself to sth/doing sth 纵情纵情/沉溺于沉溺于(做做)某事某事abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事放弃做某事with aband

20、on 放纵地；放任地放纵地；放任地be abandoned to (doing) 沉湎于沉湎于(1)Those who abandon (they) to despair cant succeed.那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。(2)By no means shall we abandon (search) for the missing people.我们绝不会放弃寻找失踪者。我们绝不会放弃寻找失踪者。(3)The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms abandon.那些女孩子跳上跳下，尽情地挥舞着手臂。那些女孩子

21、跳上跳下，尽情地挥舞着手臂。(4)He is abandoned to (read) all kinds of books in his spare time.闲暇之余，他沉湎于阅读各种书籍。闲暇之余，他沉湎于阅读各种书籍。themselvessearchingwithreadingdespair n. 绝望；令人绝望的人或事绝望；令人绝望的人或事 v. 绝望，丧失信心绝望，丧失信心 n. 炉具；厨房灶具 (pl. stoves)a gas/wood-burning stove 烧煤气 / 木柴的火炉cook v. 煮煮; 烹饪烹饪; 烹调烹调 n. 厨师厨师; 炊事员炊事员cooker n.

22、 炊具炊具; 厨具厨具 n. 毯子 (pl. blankets) v. 覆盖，笼罩 adj.全面的，无一例外的;通用的a blanket of fog/snow/cloud 厚厚的一层雾 / 雪 / 云carpet kpt: n. 地毯地毯 n.pl. 财产财产; 动产动产; 所有物所有物belonging n. 归属归属belong vi.属于属于; 该在该在; 处在处在; 适应适应 belong to 属于属于；是；是的成员的成员注意：注意：belong to不用于进行时和被动语态。不用于进行时和被动语态。(1)Look after your personal belongings whi

23、le waiting for the bus. 等车时照看好你的个人财物。等车时照看好你的个人财物。(2)When he joined the club，he felt a sense of (belong).(3)Some of the stamps belong me, while the rest are his and hers.(4)As is known to us，China is a country _ (belong) to the Third World.belongingtobelonging n. 班卓琴(乐器) (pl. banjos) a banjo lover 乡

24、村歌曲爱好者 play the banjo 弹班卓琴miserably adv. 痛苦地痛苦地; 令令人难受地人难受地; 悲惨地悲惨地a miserable weekend 一个惨兮兮的周末一个惨兮兮的周末a miserably cold day 令人难受的寒冷天气令人难受的寒冷天气 adj. 痛苦的；令人难受的 n. & vi. 航海；航行 (pl. voyages)a voyage in space 航天go on a voyage around the world 做一次环游世界的旅行trip: n. 旅行旅行 (常指短途旅行常指短途旅行)journey: n. 旅行旅行; 旅程旅程 (

25、主要指时间较长、距离较远的陆上主要指时间较长、距离较远的陆上/水上水上/空中的旅空中的旅行行)tour: n. 旅游旅游; 观光观光 (距离可长可短距离可长可短)travel: n. 旅旅行行 (泛指旅行的行为泛指旅行的行为) n. 海军；海军部队 (pl. navies)join the navy 参加海军join the army 参加陆军 join the air force 参加空军 adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的a decent meal/job/place to live 相当不错的饭菜 / 工作 / 住所decently adv. 合适地; 体面地; 像样地; 有礼貌地de

26、cency n. 正派; 正直; 体面; 社会上高尚文雅行为的标准 adj. 温馨的；舒适的 (比较比较级级: cosier 最高最高级级: cosiest)cosily/cozily adv. 舒适地; 惬意地cosiness/ coziness n. 舒适，安逸 adj. 自私的 selfishly adv.自私地;任性地selfless adj. 无私的selflessly adv. 无私地It be selfish/selfless of sb to do. 某人做什么是自私的/无私的 adj. 脾气好的/坏的 get very bad-tempered 爱发脾气 adj. 真正的；真

27、诚的；可信赖的 (指物品是真的而非假冒或人造的时, 常可与 real 换用)genuineness n.真实，真正；真诚，真挚a very genuine person 非常诚实可信的人genuinely adv.真地; 真正地; 真诚地; 诚实地fake: 假的(指伪造的、冒充的) vi. & vt. 决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n. 决心；坚定的信念resolve to do.: 决定/决心做什么resolve on sth/on doing sth/that. 决定/决心.resolve an issue/a conflict/a crisis 解决问题/冲突/危机strengthe

28、n ones resolve to do sth坚定某人做.的决心resolution n. 决议；解决；坚定pass/adopt/carry a resolution 通过一项决议 make a resolution to do sth 决心/决定做. n. (轮船/飞机等上面的)全体工作人员； 专业团队；一群人staff n.全体职工/雇员 majority n. 大多数minority n. 少数(作主语谓语可用单 也可用复) adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的 cruelly adv. 残酷地; 残暴地; 极度地; 非常cruelty n. 残酷，虐待; 不公be cruel to sb

29、/sth 对残酷/冷酷be rude to sb/sth 对无礼/粗鲁be mean to sb/sth 对.刻薄be friendly to sb/sth 对友好 be nice/good/kind to sb/sth 对.好be thankful/grateful to.对.感谢/感激thoroughly adv.非常; 极其; 彻底; 完全thoroughness n. 完全，十分thorough understanding 透彻的了解thorough cleaning 彻底的打扫thorough description 详尽的描写 After the thorough cleaning

30、, all the rubbish in the room was gone.经过彻底的打扫, 房间里所有的垃圾都不见了。adj.深人的;彻底的;细致的;考虑周到的 家具a piece of furniture 一件家具If you need a piece of furniture or electronic item, like a flat screen TV, this would not be the time to buy it.如果你想买家具或电子产品，比如说平板电视，这并不如果你想买家具或电子产品，比如说平板电视，这并不是购买的好时机。是购买的好时机。 adv.不幸地不幸地(1

31、) fortunate adj. 幸运的；侥幸的幸运的；侥幸的(lucky) be fortunate to do sth. 幸运做某事幸运做某事(2) fortune n. 财产；大笔的钱；机会；运气财产；大笔的钱；机会；运气 seek ones fortune 找出路；碰运气找出路；碰运气 make a fortune 发财发财 try ones fortune 碰运气碰运气(1)While staying with me, he talked of the _ (fortunate) accident.(2)It is (fortune) for him to get such a va

32、luable chance.(3)The young man decided to in that city, but failed.unfortunatefortunatemake a fortune vi.& n. (狗)吠叫；吠叫声 a bark of laughter 一声大笑bark at sb/sth 对.汪汪叫bark out sth 厉声发令/厉声质问 bark out an order 厉声宣布命令 n. 橄榄球运动 play rugby 打橄榄球打橄榄球 n. 球拍；蝙蝠 vi.& vt. 用球板击球；挥打；拍打 batted -batted - battinga tabl

33、e tennis bat 乒乓球拍go to bat for sb 帮助（或支持）某人 adj. 潮湿的；湿气重的 v. 弄湿; 削弱; 抑制 n. 湿气; 潮湿 (dampness)damply adv. 潮湿地，衰减地;damp a towel 弄湿毛巾tissue: 纸巾；组织 n. 娱乐；消遣；游戏 entertainment n. amusement n. the need to improve facilities for leisure and recreation改进消遣娱乐设施之必要recreate v. 重现; 重建; 再创造; 娱乐；消遣recreate family l

34、ife 重建家庭生活leisure n. 闲暇，休闲活动 adj. 空闲的，业余的under sbs guidance 在某人的指导下without the guidance of sb. 没有某人的指导provide guidance 提供指导personal guidance 亲自指导Under the guidance of the advisor, Susan has grasped some basic knowledge about finance.在导师的指导下，苏珊掌握了一些关于金融的基本知识。guide v.指导，影响(某人的行为);指引 n.指南,手册 n.指导;引导;(火

35、箭等的)导航 n. 侄子；外甥 (pl. nephews)niece nis n. 侄女 cousin n.堂兄/弟/姐/妹; 表兄/弟/姐/妹 n. 广告活动；广告业 /U/a career in advertising 广告职业launch an advertising campaign 发起广告活动advertisement/advertizement/ad. n. 广告; 宣传; 榜样put/place an advertisement 打广告 vt. & vi. 公布；宣传；做广告to advertise a product/a business/your services做广告宣传

36、产品 / 企业 / 你的服务项目advertise for sb/sth(在报纸/公告牌/互联网等）公布/征聘.We are currently advertising for a new sales manager.目前我们公开征聘一位新的销售经理。advertiser n. 登广告的人 adj. 公司的；法人的；社团的 corporate identity /image 公司形象corporate bond 公司债，公司债券;corporation kpren n. 大公司; 法人; 市政委员会identify: 认出，识别；查明，确认；认同，理解水面水面“粗糙的粗糙的”气流气流“粗糙的粗

37、糙的”“粗糙的粗糙的”思考思考即不确切即不确切“粗糙的粗糙的”感受感受即不舒服即不舒服“粗糙的粗糙的”环境环境即不安全即不安全道路道路“粗糙的粗糙的”50.高频词：高频词：rough 语义网络图语义网络图粗糙的粗糙的rough（基本义）（基本义） （表面）粗糙的；（表面）粗糙的；（道路）崎岖的（道路）崎岖的 （天气）恶劣的；（天气）恶劣的；有暴风雨的有暴风雨的风浪大的风浪大的粗略的粗略的艰难的；难受的艰难的；难受的多暴力的；犯罪多暴力的；犯罪率高的率高的roughly adv. 粗略地; 大体上be rough on sb.对某人粗暴苛刻一、一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义写出下列句子中画

38、线部分的汉语释义。1. Grace made her way slowly across the rough ground. _2. It was too rough to sail that night. _3. The first year was rough, but things have gotten better. _4. They might be here by 3 but thats just a rough guess. _ 高低不平高低不平的的风浪大的风浪大的艰难的艰难的大致的大致的/ /粗略的粗略的 n.领航员;(飞机/船舶等上的)航行者(pl. navigators)

39、navigate vi/vt. 导航; 航行; 航海; 驾驭, 成功应付(困难处境)navigation n. 导航; 领航; 航行 adj. 忠诚的；忠实的 loyal service 忠诚服务 be loyal to sb/sth 对.忠诚a loyal friend/supporter 忠实的朋友/支持者loyally adv. 忠诚地 n. 发动机; 马达 adj. 有引擎的；机动车的; 运动神经的 a motor cycle 机动脚踏车/摩托车 an electric motor 电动机a motor accident 机动车事故 motor insurance 汽车保险 n. 候选

40、人；应试者 (pl. candidates)a candidate for . .的候选人/申请人/ 投考者/应试者candidates for the job 求职者apply v. 申请，涂抹；应用apply for sth.apply to do sth.apply sth. to sth.application n. 申请表applicant n. 申请人set on fire 放火烧; 使着火 set fire to.放火烧catch fire 着火(动作) be on fire 着火(状态) light a fire 点火put out the fire 灭火 play with

41、fire 玩火; 冒大风险on/over the open fire 在篝火上1. The police havent found out who set fire to the storehouse.警方还没查出是谁放火烧了仓库。2. Dont stand too close to that stove. Your clothes may catch fire.不要站得太靠近那个火炉,你的衣服可能着火。They gave off oily, black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds.(Page 44)与与give 相关的短

42、语汇总相关的短语汇总: :give in(to)( (向向)让步让步, ,屈服于屈服于 give up 放弃放弃give away 泄露泄露; ;赠送赠送, ,分发分发give back 归还归还; ;使恢复使恢复give out 用完用完, ,耗尽耗尽; ;分发分发, ,散发散发give way to 给给让路让路; ;向向让步让步放出（热 、光 、气味或气体）oily: 含油的；（食物）富含脂肪的；（人、行为）油滑的，讨好的完成句子完成句子(1)She decided to give these old clothes _ . (2)It isnt mine; I must give it

43、 _ to the owner. (3)He will soon give _ because he cannot win the game. (4)The English teacher gave _ the examination papers at 7:50(5)I cant answer that puzzle; I give _ . awaybackupout/awayup/in n.(人生的)一段经历;(小说的)片段;插曲 (pl. episodes)an episode in my life 我生命中的插曲 1. We made a commitment to keep work

44、ing together.2. I was moved to learn more about their effort and their commitment.3. He is commited to reforming health care system.承诺保证奉献made a commitment to do.承诺/保证做什么 vt. 犯罪; 承诺; 保证(某个人/机构等) vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等)commit a crime 犯罪commit to sb/sth 忠于(某人/机构等);全心投入(工作/活动等)commit oneself to sth 致力于.

45、commit oneself to do.承诺;保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)commit sb/oneself to sth. 承诺/保证什么commit sb/oneself to doing sth. 承诺/保证做什么be committed to (doing) sth. 承诺/保证(做)什么完成句子完成句子(1) You are so _ (commit) to your studies. I wish you couldkeep your_(commit) . (2) Ive committed myself to_(work)for the company for a deca

46、de. (3) I was impressed by the energy and _(commit) shown by the players. committedcommitmentworkingcommitment n. 动机;原因;目的 (pl. motives) adj. 运动的; 动机的; 发动的motive for sth. .的动机/原因/目的There seemed to be no motive for the murder.这起谋杀案看不出有什么动机。motiveless adj. 无动机的，无目的motivate vt. 使有动机;促动;激发;诱导motivation n. 动力; 积极性 n. 孔子学说；儒家(学说)Confucius knfjus n.孔子The philosophy of Confucius, also known as Confucianism, has deeply influenced Chinese culture.THANKS