Unit 2Grammar分词ppt课件-（2022新）人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册.pptx

1、 learn the use of past participle in the passage; analyze the relationship between the logic subject and the past participle verb; find out mistakes of verb forms in a passage by what you learn about past participle and correct them; use the past participle to express ideas.1 Work in groups and read

2、 the text again to find as many examples of past participles as possible. Then discuss whether each past participle functions as an attribute, adverbial, predicative, or object complement.Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it is often informally referred to

3、 as “down under”. (located / adverbial)地点状语地点状语 Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo. A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe. I tried to learn how to play it, but

4、after trying for hours, I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument!作定语修饰作定语修饰stick作定语修饰作定语修饰instrument作定语修饰作定语修饰player作表语作表语 After being here for a while, my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation. Although the main

5、 cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture, minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture, with many of the new culture influences contributed by immigrants. It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizen were either born overseas or have

6、parents who were born overseas.作定语修饰作定语修饰mix作宾语补足语，作宾语补足语，influences与与contribute之间为被动关系之间为被动关系作定语修饰作定语修饰overseas过去分词过去分词动词的动词的过去分词形式：过去分词形式：“动词原形动词原形+ed”部分过去分词有特殊形式变化部分过去分词有特殊形式变化 。1. 过去分词不能单独用作谓语过去分词不能单独用作谓语，但可用于完成时态，但可用于完成时态(have/had +动词过去分词动词过去分词)和被动语态和被动语态(be+动词过去分词动词过去分词)中构成谓语。中构成谓语。2. 过去分词是非谓语

7、动词过去分词是非谓语动词(或称非限定动词或称非限定动词)的一种。的一种。过去分词保过去分词保留着动词的部分特性，有完成或被动含义留着动词的部分特性，有完成或被动含义，可带状语构成过，可带状语构成过去分词短语。在句法功能上，去分词短语。在句法功能上，过去分词过去分词(短语短语)与形容词或副词与形容词或副词作用类似，作用类似，在句子中可充当定语、状语、宾补、表语等成分在句子中可充当定语、状语、宾补、表语等成分。过去分词形式作定语过去分词形式作定语作定语时，作定语时，分词所表示的动作与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的分词所表示的动作与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的动宾动宾关系，且多表示已完成的动作关系，且多表示已

8、完成的动作。过去分词一般位于所修饰的名词过去分词一般位于所修饰的名词之前之前。过分分词短语通常位于所修饰的名词之后过分分词短语通常位于所修饰的名词之后。eg The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital. When the delayed flight takes off depends mainly on the weather. Can you tell the differences between spoken language and written language? The players

9、 selected from the whole country are expected to bring us honour in this summers games.过去分词形式作状语过去分词形式作状语作状语时，作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的的动宾动宾关系。关系。过去分词修饰谓语过去分词修饰谓语，说明动作发生的，说明动作发生的时间、原因、时间、原因、条件、方式等条件、方式等。分词作状语，用于句首比在其他位置更常见分词作状语，用于句首比在其他位置更常见。eg United we stand, divided we fa

10、ll. Seen from the top of the Tiger Hill, the city of Suzhou was very beautiful. Encouraged by her English teacher, Lisa soon caught up with her classmates.过去分词作时间、原因、条件、让步等状语时，可转换为对应过去分词作时间、原因、条件、让步等状语时，可转换为对应的状语从句的状语从句eg Praised by the teacher, Judy went red in the face. When Judy was praised by th

11、e teacher, she went red in the face. Frightened by the story, the girl didnt dare to sleep alone. As the girl was frightened by the story, she didnt dare to sleep alone.Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. If these seeds are grown in rich soil, they can grow fast.Defeated for a second time

12、, the player didnt give in.Although the player was defeated for a second time, he didnt give in.过去分词形式作宾补过去分词形式作宾补作宾补时，作宾补时，分词所表示的动作与宾语之间存在逻辑上的分词所表示的动作与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾动宾关系。关系。过去分词常用于使役动词过去分词常用于使役动词have, get, make, keep和感官动词和感官动词see, watch, hear等动词的宾语后面等动词的宾语后面，表达谓语动词引起的宾语的变化，表达谓语动词引起的宾语的变化，或补充说明宾语的性状。或

13、补充说明宾语的性状。eg When speaking or writing to someone, do your best to make yourself understood. Owen got his nose hurt when he played football with his teammates. I heard the door pulled open.过去分词形式作表语过去分词形式作表语作表语时，作表语时，过去分词在过去分词在be, become, get, feel, look, seem等系动词等系动词之后之后，表示主语的特征或性状。，表示主语的特征或性状。eg Sh

14、e is married. The other children looked neglected. The quarrel the night before seemed forgotten.2 Fill in the blanks with the help of the beginning letters. Then rewrite the sentences without using past participles and recognise the difference.Tips Read the sentences and decide the word to fill in

15、according to the meaning of the sentences; Think of the relationship between the verbs and logic subject; Decide the structure of the new sentences.1 D_ into 32 counties, Ireland brings in hundreds of thousands of visitors each year due to its golf tourism.2 Cuba is just south of America, s_ from it

16、 only by the Straits of Florida. It is a country k_ for its exciting music and dancing.ividedeparatednownSince it is divided into 32 counties, Ireland brings in hundreds of thousands of visitors each year due to its golf tourism.Cuba is just south of America and is separated from it only by the Stra

17、its of Florida. It is a country famous for its exciting music and dancing.作状语作状语作状语作状语作定语作定语3 With many parts of the world not m_ yet, researchers have begun a project that involves travelling around the world and taking sample photographs.4 I_ by the first European settlers to Australia, the Sunday

18、 roast is now considered typical Australian food.arked作宾补作宾补Because many parts of the world have not marked, researchers have begun a project that involves travelling around the world and taking sample photographs.Though it was introduced by the first European settlers to Australia, the Sunday roast

19、 is now considered typical Australian food.作状语作状语ntroduced5 E_ to the freezing weather, many brave tourists and scientists still choose to visit Antarctica.6 I_ by Chinese culture, many capital cities now have Chinatown which are in themselves popular tourist attractions.xposedThough they will be ex

20、posed to the freezing weather, many brave tourists and scientists still choose to visit Antarctica.Because they are influenced by Chinese culture, many capital cities now have Chinatown which are in themselves popular tourist attractions.nfluenced作状语作状语作状语作状语3 Below is a passage about the history of

21、 the Eiffel Tower before it was considered an iconic attraction. The text contains quite a few verb form mistakes. Correct the mistakes on your own. Then compare your corrections with a partner.The Eiffel Tower is the most famous landmark in France, and one of the most visiting monuments in the worl

22、d. But it wasnt always so popular. In fact, in 1886, just after its construction was first propose, many were strongly against it. At that time, it would have been the tallest building in the world, and many claim it would destroy the skyline of Paris, or perhaps even destroy some historic landmarks

23、.被动关系被动关系proposed时态问题时态问题claimedThe chief engineer, Gustave Eiffel, replied say that such a large monument was necessary to symbolise the great efforts of the French people as well as the great advancements in modern engineering, industry, and science. The next year, Eiffel gains approval and the to

24、wer was built in time to celebrate the 1889 World Fair in Paris.非谓语动词非谓语动词saying时态问题时态问题gainedIf you look carefully at the tower, you can still see the names of the 72 scientists, engineers, and mathematicians who help in its construction. Originally, the tower was planned to be taken down after 20

25、years, but it proved to be too useful as a communications tower, not to mention a giant advertisement board, before finally becomes the iconic attraction that we all know today.时态问题时态问题helped用括号内动词的正确形式填空。用括号内动词的正确形式填空。1. _ (tell) many times, he still couldnt understand it.2. The _ (reduce) price of

26、 eggs can save you one dollar for each dozen.3. Here are some new computer programs _ (design) for language learning.4. _ (leave) alone in the dark room, the little boy was so frightened that he cried.Having been told / Told reduced designed Having been left / Left5. My father must have been very an

27、gry, for we heard the glass _ (break) on the floor.6. My teacher seemed quite _ (satisfy) with my work and praised me in her class.7. The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldnt make his point _ (understand).8. Generally speaking, when _ (take) according to directions, the drug has no side ef

28、fect.brokensatisfied understood taken用括号内动词的正确形式填空。用括号内动词的正确形式填空。Im thinking of a well-known city in Europe. The Rhine River 1. _ (run) through the center of the city is an important commercial (商业的商业的) waterway. It flows north through the city to the English Channel which is an arm of the Atlantic

29、Ocean.The island 2. _ (name) Ile de la Cit and 3. _ (locate) in the oldest part of the city has a beautiful Gothic cathedral (哥特式大教堂哥特式大教堂) Cathedral of Our Lady. running named locatedThe Louvre, 4. _ (consider) to be one of the worlds largest museums, is also a historic monument. By now, I wont be

30、5. _ (surprise) that you know the city I am thinking of is Paris.consideredsurprisedOranges: Orange trees are more than decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times _ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. (2020年新课标全国卷年新课标全国卷II)decorated Read the sentences in the passage that are used past participles as adverbial, attributive, predicative and object complement. Analyze the use of the verbs; Make up sentences with past participles after the examples in the passage.