主谓一致ppt课件.ppt

1、主谓一致Subject-Verb Concord Guiding principles 1. Grammatical concord语法一致原则Each girl has her own bookFew students are really lazy.2. Notional concord意义一致原则The family are all music lovers.3. Proximity就近一致原则Either my brothers or my father is coming.Only one out of five were present.以-s结尾的名词做主语的主谓一致问题4. 以

2、-s结尾的，由两个部分构成的物体，如不带一把，一副，一条等单位词要用复数，若带，根据单位词单复数确定。这些词有Scissors剪刀, pincers钳子, glasses, shorts, trousers, suspenders吊带裤等5. 以下词语通常做复数Archives档案, arms武器, clothes, contents目录, eaves屋檐, minutes记录, morals道德，品行, suburbs郊区, wages以-s结尾的名词做主语的主谓一致问题l6. 由-ings结尾的名词，如clippings剪下来的东西, diggings掘出的东西, earnings, fi

3、lings锉屑, lodgings租住的房间, surroundings环境, sweepings扫拢的垃圾 通常做复数。但是tidings（消息）即可做复数又可做单数。Or/nor/eitheror 连接的并列主语做主语 Or，nor，eitheror，neitheror, not onlybut also连接的并列结构做主语，按照就近原则处理。My sisters or my brother is likely to be at home.Either my father or my brothers are Coming.Neither the players nor the coach

4、 was /(were) over-confident.Not only the switches but also the old wiring has /(have) been changed. 在非正式的文体中除了nor之外其他的几个后面可以跟复数动词。主语+As much as等 依据主语本身而定 Some of the workers as much as the manager were responsible for the loss. My wife, more than anybody else in the family, is anxious to go there ag

5、ain. Man, no less than the lower forms of life, is the product of the evolutionary process.表示数量概念的名词词组做主语（二）4. one in/one out of+复数名词 动词用单数，非正式文体可用“就近原则”One in ten students has /have failed the exam.One out of twenty was /were badly damaged. 5. “ all of, some of.,none of .,half of .,most of ., lots

6、of, heaps of, loads of, scads of, plenty of noun” +名词，动词根据of-词组中的名词类别词组中的名词类别而定A1l of the cargo was lost.All of the crew were saved.Lots of food is going to waste.Lots of people are waiting outside 表示数量概念的名词词组做主语（三）6 .“a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of ”+名词 动词用单数A substantial portion

7、of the reports is missing.A series of accidents has been reported. 7.A kind/sort/type of, this kind/sort/type of, 中，of后面只用单数名词或不可数名词，后面只用单数名词或不可数名词，动词动词用单数用单数This kind of man annoys me.That type of car is old-fashioned.如果用复数名词必须这样用：如果用复数名词必须这样用：Roses of this kind are very sweet.Cars of that type are

8、 old-fashioned. 出现在these kinds of , many/several kinds of 之后的名词可以是单数或不可数名词，也可以是复数，动词用复数There are many different kinds of snake in the mountains.These types of car are imported form Japan.There are several sorts of cheese for sale in the shop.在非正式文体中下面的表达也是对的在非正式文体中下面的表达也是对的These kind of men are unre

9、liable.Those type of machine tools are out of date.表示数量概念的名词词组做主语（一）1.数量被看做整体，用单数，被看做多个个体用复数 He thought that 65 dollars was not too much to ask.There were 6 silver dollars in each of the stockings. 2.分数/百分数+of-词组 动词由of-名词词组 中的名词决定Over 60% of the city was destroyed in the war.Two-thirds of the swampl

10、and has ben reclaimed for farming.Nearly 50% of the doctors are women. 3. 两数相减或相除 用单数，两数相加或相乘 单复数均可Seven plus/and five (7+5makes /make twelve.Forty minus fifteen (40-15) leaves twenty-five.Five times eight (58)is/are forty.Forty divided by eight (408) is five. 8. 如果主语由many a+ 名词 或 more than one+名词 动

11、词用单数Many a man has done his duty.More than one game was lost. 9. “an average of /a majority of+复数名词“ 如果表示多个个体，动词用复数，如果不表示多个个体，则动词用单数。An average of 25 persons apply each month. An average of 25applications a month is not unusual 1.What makes each division different is/are a few things: time, place, t

12、radition and leadership.2.What they want is/are some financial aids.3.To know merely the main facts is/are not enough.4.Hes one of those men who never cares/care how they look.5.Its me that is/am responsible for the organization.6.Shes the only one of these women who plays/play bridge well7.There is

13、/are more than one member who has/have protested against the proposal.8.There is/are a time to be silent and a time to speak, a time for study and a time for resignation or action.还是主谓一致10. 以名词性分句做主语为下面的句子选择谓语：What caused the accident is/are a complete mystery.What caused the accident and who was re

14、sponsible for it remains/remain a mystery to us.What was real to him were/are the details of his life.What are often regarded as poisonous fungi(毒菌子) is/are in fact edible.名词分句做主语规则1.由what, who, why, how, whether等wh-词引导的名词性分句做主语，动词通常用单数。2.两个由and连接的并列名词分句做主语，如果表示两件事动，词用复数3. 在以what分句做主语的SVC结构中，如果主句补语是

15、复数名词，动词用复数。4. 如果what分句本身明显表示复数意义（比如what分句的动词和补语是复数），那么动词用复数不定式和-ing分词做主语v11. 不定式和-ing分词做主语，动词常用单数。但是由and连接的并列以上成分做主语，如果指两件事，动词用复数，如果指一件事，动词用单数。To climb mountains requires courage.Playing tennis is a very good exercise. Reading Ibsen and solving a quadratic equation are entirely different assignments

16、 12. one of+复数名词+定语从句 定语从句中谓语动词的问题试完成下面的句子Joan is one of those people who go/goes out of their way to be helpful.但有时为了突出one， 定语从句中的动词也可以用单数，特别是在英国英语中。He is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.如果one of 前有the only, the 等限定和强调词时，从句谓语动词用单数。He is the only one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment.It is I who/that 1. 谓语动词应与i保持一致。It is I who am to blame.非正式语体中可用me代替I 变成：It is me that is to blame.There be 句型主谓一致就近原则There are three routes you can take.There is a long springboard and three rafts at varying distances form the shore.