全国2020年8月自考00096外刊经贸知识选读试题.pdf

1、摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇绝密 绎 考试结束前全国 2020 年 8 月高等教育自学考试外外刊经贸知识选读试题课程代码:00096摇 摇 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。选择题部分注意事项:摇 摇 1. 答题前,考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。摇 摇 2. 每小题选出答案后,用 2B 铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。 不能答在试题卷上。一、单项选择题:本大题共 15 小题,每

2、小题 2 分,共 30 分。在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个可以替代句中划线的单词或词组,请将其选出并将答题卡(纸)的相应代码涂黑。 错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。1. We can see no justifications for an increase in the price.A. reasonsB. resultsC. explanationsD. disputes2. Multinational companies reaped great rewards of their foreign investment in developing countries.A. appealedB.

3、 offeredC. earnedD. rejected3. The aim is to modernize the moribund state-owned enterprises that threatened China蒺s economicprogress.A. strongB. stagnantC. poorD. monopolistic4. The structure of the fund management industry and stock market may also exacerbate theproblem.A. reduceB. worsenC. attribu

4、teD. develop5. Stock-taking of the open policy will come this year when the National People蒺s Congress discussesthe next five-year plan.A. InquiryB. AcceptanceC. StatisticD. Assessment6. From the onset of the crisis, international organizations have been coordinating emergencyactivities.A. endingB.

5、sunsetC. beginningD. growth浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题 第 1 页(共 6 页)7. The government plans to curtail economic growth to avoid speculative bubbles.A. enlargeB. continueC. assistD. restrict8. The America蒺s formidable capital and technological resources would be utilized to meet itsobjectives.A. powerfulB. av

6、ailableC. vastD. different9. The law banned discrimination against people with physical disabilities in the workplace.A. equalityB. fairnessC. differentiationD. protection10. Investment funds have moved out of commodities and into liquid assets.A. water resourcesB. current assetsC. real estateD. fix

7、ed assets11. With unemployment rate at 9. 7%, the president is pressing the Congress to approve financialincentives for small businesses to add workers.A. controlB. capitalC. toolsD. stimulation12. 9% of listed firms are technically insolvent and have stopped paying their debts.A. privateB. publicC.

8、 bankruptD. unsuccessful13. A substantial proportion of loans from the World Bank is still to be disbursed.A. borrowedB. paidC. declinedD. recovered14. This marks the first time in history that these companies will be subject to federal supervision.A. be free fromB. be exchanged byC. be occupied inD

9、. be subordinated to15. Online education is a fledgling sector where no perfect model has been created.A. inexperiencedB. matureC. unfinishedD. uncertain二、判断题:本大题共 10 小题,每小题 2 分,共 20 分。判断下列各题,在答题卡(纸)相应位置正确的涂“A冶,错误的涂“B冶。Passage 1Force of the Multinationals摇 摇 Direct investment by multinational compan

10、ies is becoming a hugely important force in the worldeconomy. In essence, a combination of factors, such as the development of global communicationsand a change in the political climate towards multinationals, is bringing in an era of true globalmanufacturing. A company such as Siemens may now start

11、 making a product in Germany then ship it浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题 第 2 页(共 6 页)to Malaysia for the labor鄄intensive final stages of manufacture. The strategy by Japanese companiesof locating production in cheaper Far Eastern countries such as Thailand has done much to integratethe economies of the region.

12、US companies were setting up production in Mexico, for similarreasons, before negotiations on the NAFTA had even started. There is an important distinction to bemade between the kind of integration based on trade, which is relatively simple, and the far morecomplex links involved in global manufactu

13、ring. The report says that “as integration moves fromshallow trade-based linkages to deep international production-based linkage under the commongovernance, the traditional division between integration at the corporate and country levels begins tobreak down. 冶摇 摇 Foreign direct investment tends to t

14、ransfer assets from the developed world to the developingworld. But the pattern is not entirely simple. Big shifts have occurred in the composition of foreigndirect investment by sector. Increasing investment is going into services and high鄄tech manufacture,rather than basic manufacture and natural

15、resources.As might be expected, foreign directinvestment in the developed world is mostly in the former category, whereas in the developing worldthe emphasis is on the latter. It seems countries have to reach a basic level of sophistication beforethey can get in the act. Simple cash incentives to se

16、t up production in a country have little effect,other than on margin. In addition, the increasing sophistication of global production means thatcheap labor is often not a deciding factor either.16. International production鄄based integration is better than trade鄄based integration.17. Labor鄄intensive

17、manufacture is the production mainly depend on the use of a large number oflabor.18. US companies set up production in Mexico for its cheaper labor and cost.19. Cash incentive is a deciding factor in global production.20. Foreign direct investment in the developed countries is mostly in services and

18、 high鄄tech sector.Passage 2Asia, You Cost Too Much摇 摇 The Asian economic miracle can be best summed up as the biggest price undercut in history.Asia grew because it was the cheapest source for the low鄄tech consumer goods that the West craves.Hong Kong and Korea didn蒺t invent new or more efficient ma

19、nufacturing techniques, they simplybought market share with low wages. But now Asia is beginning to cost too much. If you still think浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题 第 3 页(共 6 页)Asia is cheap or even a bargain, compare office rents in Shanghai with those in Chicago and Paris.Or try to hold a qualified manager in

20、 China against the almost weekly job offers he receives due tothe shortage of Chinese professionals. No wonder companies are voting with their feet in response toAsia蒺s rising cost. Germany蒺s Siemens is dumping Singapore in favor of lower cost locations in theregion. The way things are going, Siemen

21、s may have to move again before too long.摇 摇 The competition facing Asia is not going to let up, either Local council representatives fromBritain are running all over the world advertising tax cuts, giving away state land and slashingbureaucracy in an effort to attract industry.Technological innovat

22、ions and cost reduction incommunications and transport mean that location isn蒺t as important as it once was. Only Singaporeseems to understand that keeping up isn蒺t good enough and that being competitive means forgingahead. The Lion City made a concerted effort to open market, cut government regulat

23、ions and createtransparency. But most Asian government just don蒺t seem to understand the relationship betweenhigh costs and low competitiveness. Otherwise why would tariffs on agricultural imports be cripplingthe Korean and Japanese food processing industries? The oligarchical nature of trucking in

24、Malaysiaguarantees that high transport costs will drive business away.21. Asian economic growth was primarily based on cheap exports rather than high technology.22. Siemens is satisfied with Singapore蒺s low cost and will stay there all the time.23. High rents and shortage of professionals became Chi

25、na蒺s disadvantage in Business.24. The importance of location is weakened by technology and communication innovations.25. Most Asian government learned from Singapore to open markets and cut tariffs.非选择题部分注意事项:摇 摇 用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上。三、将下列中文词组译成英文:本大题共 10 小题,每小题 1 分,共 10 分。26. 经济特区27. 出口配额

26、制28. 消费品29. 批发商30. 贸易差额31. 服务部门32. 垄断浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题 第 4 页(共 6 页)33. 最惠国待遇34. 硬通货35. 经常项目四、将下列英语单词或词组译成中文:本大题共 10 小题,每小题 1 分,共 10 分。36. market forces37. countertrade38. commercial hub39. intellectual property right40. brain trust41. austerity programmes42. the General Agreement on Tariffs and Tr

27、ade43. discount rate44. countervailing duty45. dumping五、简答题:本大题共 6 小题,每小题 3 分,共 18 分。Passage 1摇 摇 Once, when Japan faced pressure from abroad, it would either give in reluctantly or keep quietand hope that the fuss would die down. No longer it seems. America wants Japan to meet importtargets for som

28、e American goods, but far from capitulating to the thrust of American trade policy,Japan is taking a stand that could lead to a trans-Pacific confrontation. The annual white paper ontrade development published by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry will reject theargument that Japan nee

29、ds special trade sanctions. It is Japan蒺s persistent surplus, more thananything, that has provoked anger in Washington. This year the surplus has been growing fast. Withthe economy still barely growing, despite two fiscal packages in the past nine months, Japan蒺s criticssay that the country is once

30、more exporting its way out of recession.46. Which word can “give in冶be replaced by?47. Explain “the fuss would die down冶.48. Paraphrase “exporting its way out of recession冶.Passage 2摇 摇The price of tin on the European spot market rose to 4,400 pounds per ton, reflectingwidespread production cuts in

31、the world tin industry, at a two -day meeting in Indonesia, the浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题 第 5 页(共 6 页)association of tin-producing countries, whose members represent 70 percent of world tin output,decided to strengthen their co-operation in a bid to stabilize tin prices and to call on the UnitedStates to l

32、imit sales of tin from its strategic stockpile. Platinum progressed at the outset on concernabout strike action in South African mines but quickly fell victim to profit-taking as work resume.49. What is “strategic stockpile冶?50. What does “progress冶 mean in the context?51. What is profit-taking in b

33、usiness?六、翻译题:本大题 12 分。52. 摇 摇 Commerce among nations entered a modern era; the constrained trading between imperialpowers and their colonies began to break down. World markets opened to all countries, andmultilateral trade flourished. Generally, a country could sell its goods in the best market it

34、couldfind and buy what is needed from the least expensive supplier. Moreover, since currencies wereconvertible, most transactions could be completed with cash. Barter was as antiquated as thehorse鄄soldier. During the past few years, however, the international monetary system has begunto strain under a variety of economic changes. One important cause is the enormous burden ofdebt carried by Third World countries. A professor at Harvard University says,“The plain fact isthat many countries are broken. 冶浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题 第 6 页(共 6 页)