2022届高考英语阅读理解课件.pptx

1、准备好冲刺了吗！如如果你不勇敢，你就不真实；如果你不勇敢，便无法去爱；如果你不勇敢，你没有能力深入现实中探究。所以，只要先有勇气，其它一切会发生。奥修勇气宏观分类宏观分类题型分类细节理解题推理判断题主旨大意题词句猜测题题材分类应用文记叙文说明文议论文历年高考历年高考年份卷别体裁题目类型细节理解推理判断主旨大意词句猜测2021新高考全国卷A.应用文 B.记叙文 C.说明文 D.说明文6621甲卷A.应用文 B.说明文 C.记叙文 D.议论文6711乙卷A.应用文 B.说明文 C.说明文 D.说明文76112020新高考全国卷A.应用文 B.记叙文 C.说明文 D.说明文8412全国卷A.应用文

2、B.夹叙夹议 C.说明文 D.说明文7521全国卷A.应用文 B.说明文 C.说明文 D.记叙文8322全国卷A.应用文 B.记叙文 C.说明文 D.说明文74312019全国卷A.应用文 B.记叙文C.说明文 D.说明文6621全国卷A.应用文 B.记叙文 C.说明文 D.说明文10122全国卷A.应用文 B.说明文 C.说明文 D.说明文10311关键技巧：一般情况下，出题顺序出题顺序对照文章的顺序一看一看应用文：应用文：先题后文先题后文 构词法构词法 筛选比较筛选比较 简单推理简单推理 Rome can be pricey for travelers,which is why many

3、choose to stay in a hostel(旅 社).The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around$25 a night,and for that,youll often get to stay in a central location(位置)with security and comfort.21.What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?A.Comfort.B.Security.C.Price.

4、D.Location.拓展 n+yadj除了天气类的词性变化，还有几个常见的lucklucky，noisenoisy，healthhealthy，wealthwealthy2021 新高考全国新高考全国I A先先题后题后文，定位答案出文，定位答案出处处 构词法构词法 筛选比较筛选比较确认答案确认答案 A Take a view,the Landscape(风景)Photographer of the Year Award,was the idea of Charlie Waite,one of todays most respected landscape photographers.Each

5、 year,the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.1.Who would most probably enter for Take a view?A.

6、Writers.B.Photographers.C.Painters.D.Tourists.2.What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common?A.They are winter images.B.They are in black and white.C.They show mountainous scenes.D.They focus on snowcovered forests.3.Where can the text be found?A.In a history book B.In a novel.C.In an art

7、magazine.D.In a biography.2021 全国甲卷全国甲卷 AMike Shepherd(2011)Skiddaw in WinterCumbria,EnglandIt was an extremely cold winters evening and freezing fog hung in the air.I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep,and though it was only a short cl

8、imb,I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west.I used classical techniques,translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop,to achieve the blackandwhite image（图像）.Timothy Smith(2014)Macclesfield Forest Ch

9、eshire,EnglandI was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images.Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe a local high point I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow.The small pine added to the inter

10、est and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.,直接定位直接定位 关注考察方向：关注考察方向：竞赛的参与者。竞赛的参与者。筛选比较筛选比较简单推理：简单推理：photograph photograph 属于艺术范畴属于艺术范畴一看一看应用文：应用文：高考题高考题 2 2篇篇 (参见学案参见学案P2-3)P2-3)模拟题模拟题 2 2篇篇(参见学案参见学案P4,5,6)P4,5,6)先题后文先题后文 构词法构词法 筛选比较筛选比较 简单推理简单推理

11、二看二看记叙文：记叙文：记人记人抓抓中心中心人物人物+最大最大成就成就/典型典型品质品质最佳标题二合一最佳标题二合一游记游记看看时空顺序时空顺序+感情线感情线写作目的总分享：写作目的总分享：share the experience记事记事跟跟中心事中心事/物物+两线两线(情节情节+感情感情)写作写作目的或分享目的或分享：share/introduce或学到或学到：learn a lesson 特别特别关注关注象征意义物品象征意义物品 标题的最佳选择标题的最佳选择 Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own.She deci

12、ded to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves:nursing.She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Josephs Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home.She could drive t

13、o class and be home in the evening to help with her kids.Jenifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree:Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills,and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.Through it all,she remained in good academic st

14、anding and graduated with honors.Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)to achieve her goal,giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study.Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,she says.However,her children have learned an impor

15、tant lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree.Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family-and thats pretty powerful.7.What can we learn from Jenifers story?A.Time is money.B.Love breaks down barriers.C.Hard work pays off.D.Education is the key to success.2020新高考全国新

16、高考全国I B中心人物中心人物最大成就最大成就典型品质典型品质 In the mid-1990s,Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.He left after seven months,physically broken and having lost his mind.A few years later,still attracted to the country,he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the

17、 Aral Sea.His visit,however,ended up involving a lot more than that.Hence this book,Chasing the Sea:Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia,which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan,where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.It is the sto

18、ry of an American travelling to a strange land,and of the people he meets on his way:Rustam,his translator,a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California,Oleg and Natasha,his hosts in Tashkent,and a string of foreign aid workers.This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan,made

19、of friendliness and warmth,but also its darker side of society.In Samarkand,Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders,while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing.In Ferghana,he attends a mountain funeral(葬礼)followed by a strange drinking party.And

20、in Karakalpakstan,he is saddened by the dust storms,diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references,making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan,seen from Western eyes.His judgment and references are decidedly Am

21、erican,as well as his delicate stomach.As the author explains,this is neither a travel nor a history book,or even a piece of reportage.Whatever it is,the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.11.What is the purpose of this text?A.To introduce a book.B.To ex

22、plain a cultural phenomenon.C.To remember a writer.D.To recommend a travel destination.2020新高考全国新高考全国I C中心事中心事/物物This This 代指中代指中心事心事/物物重申中重申中心事心事/物物写作目的：分享中心事写作目的：分享中心事/物物二看二看记叙文：记叙文：高高考题考题 4 4篇篇 (参见学案参见学案P7-10)P7-10)模拟题模拟题 4 4篇篇 (参见学案参见学案P10-15)P10-15)记记人人抓抓中心中心人物人物+最大最大成就成就/典型典型品质品质最佳标题二合一最佳标题二合一

23、游记游记看看时空顺序时空顺序+感情线感情线写作目的总分享：写作目的总分享：share the experience记事记事跟跟中心事中心事/物物+两线两线(情节情节+感情感情)写作写作目的或分享目的或分享：share/introduce或学到或学到：learn a lesson 特别特别关注关注象征意义物品象征意义物品 标题的最佳选择标题的最佳选择三看说明文三看说明文 结构结构定定中心中心锁锁标题标题 关键时刻关键时刻保保正答正答 Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beachs Bar Louie counter by herself，quietly readi

24、ng her e-book as she waits for her salad.What is she reading?None of your business!Lunch is Bechtels“me”time.And like more Americans，shes not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America.More than half(53 percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent)have lunch b

25、y themselves.Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore,74 percent，according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out.Alone，but together，you know？”Bechtel said，looking up from her book.Bechtel，who works in downtown West Palm Beach，has lunch with coworkers sometimes，but lik

26、e many of us，too often works through lunch at her desk.A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder.She returns to work feeling energized.“Today，I just wanted some time to myself，”she said.Just two seats over，Andrew Mazoleny，a local videographer，is finishing his lunc

27、h at the bar.He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流)“I reflect on how my days gone and think about the rest of the week，”he said.“Its a chance for self-reflection.You return to wor

28、k recharged and with a plan.”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone.There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one，but those days are over.Now，we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table.“It doesnt feel as alone as it may h

29、ave before all the advances in technology，”said Laurie Demeritt，whose company provided the statistics for the report.2019 全国全国II C评价评价往往提到往往提到社会现象社会现象的未的未来趋势来趋势 During an interview for one of my books,my interviewer said something I still think about often.Annoyed by the level of distraction（干扰）in h

30、is open office,he said,“Thats why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street so I can focus”.His comment struck me as strange.After all,coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout（布局）.But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.The researchers

31、 examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking.They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background,from total silence to 50 decibels（分贝）,70 decibels,and 85 decibels.The differences between most of the group

32、s were statistically insignificant;however,the participants in the 70 decibels group those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop significantly outperformed the other groups.Since the effects were small,this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ t

33、hat much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.But since the results at 70 decibels were significant,the study also suggests that the right level of background noise not too loud and not total silence may actually improve ones creative thinking ability.The right level of b

34、ackground noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander,without making it impossible to focus.This kind of“distracted focus”appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.So why do so many of us hate our open offices?The problem may b

35、e that,in our offices,we cant stop ourselves from getting drawn into others conversations while were trying to focus.Indeed,the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process,and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise

36、while also providing freedom from interruptions.2021 全国乙卷全国乙卷 D结果即中心结果即中心位置位置固定固定 Para 1-3 As data and identity theft becomes more and more common，the market is growing for biometric(生物测量)technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private e-spaces.At present，these technologies are still

37、 expensive，though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置)that gets around this problem：a smart keyboard.This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key.The keyboard could offer a strong

38、layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses.These patterns are unique to each person.Thus，the keyboard can determine peoples identities，and by extension，whether they should be given access to the computer its connected toregardless of wheth

39、er someone gets the password right.It also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with.Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology，the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word“touch”four times using the smart

40、keyboard.Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed，with very low error rates.The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive，plastic-like parts.The team hopes to m

41、ake it to market in the near future.2019 全国全国I C最佳标题最佳标题 =产品产品+最大优点最大优点前景一般积极乐观前景一般积极乐观 Who is a genius?This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.Lets state clearly:Einstein was a genius.His face is almost the international symbol for genius.But we want to go beyond one man and ex

42、plore the nature of genius itself.Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us?And who are they?In the sciences and arts,those praised as geniuses were most often white men,of European origin.Perhaps this is not a surprise.Its said that history is written b

43、y the victors,and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club.When contributions were made by geniuses outside the clubwomen,or people of a different color or beliefthey were unacknowledged and rejected by others.A study recently published by Science found that as young as age s

44、ix,girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are“really,really smart.”Even worse,the study found that girls act on that belief:Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are“really,really smart.”Can our planet afford to have any great think

45、ers become discouraged and give up?It doesnt take a genius to know the answer:absolutely not.Heres the good news.In a wired world with constant global communication,were all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.And the more we look,the more we will see that social factors(因素)like

46、 gender,race,and class do not determine the appearance of genius.As a writer says,future geniuses come from those with“intelligence,creativity,perseverance(毅力),and simple good fortune,who are able to change the world.”2021 全国甲卷全国甲卷 D有时结合议论，有时结合议论，表达观点表达观点难度较大难度较大要稳定应答要稳定应答 Popularization has in some

47、 cases changed the original meaning of emotional(情感的)intelligence.Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a persons makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test,such as character,motivation,confidence,mental stability,optimism and“people skills.”Researc

48、h has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities,but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes.The ability to accurately understa

49、nd how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients,while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.33.Why does the author mention“doctor”and“cheater”in paragraph 2?A.To explain a

50、 rule.B.To clarify a concept.C.To present a fact.D.To make a prediction.2021 新高考全国新高考全国I D相反的例子相反的例子例子目的例子目的：支持论点支持论点/分析分析解释解释概念概念三看说明文三看说明文高高考题考题 4 4篇篇 (参见学案参见学案P18-21)P18-21)模拟题模拟题 7 7篇篇 (参见学案参见学案P22-29)P22-29)结构结构定定中心中心锁锁标题标题 关键时刻关键时刻保保正正答答阅读实战口诀 A篇阅读保全对按题索骥核细节B篇阅读细体会主题主线抓关键C D阅读有难度胆大心细全思虑 语篇结构助定