主谓一致-完整公开课PPT课件.ppt

1、一、主谓一致的定义一、主谓一致的定义 谓语动词与其主语在人称和数上谓语动词与其主语在人称和数上要保持一致。要保持一致。I _(be)student.I _(be)student.He_(be)twelve.He_(be)twelve.The children_(be)singing and dancing.The children_(be)singing and dancing.amisare二、主谓一致的三个原则二、主谓一致的三个原则 1 1、语法一致：语法形式上要求一致。、语法一致：语法形式上要求一致。主语为单数，谓语也用单数；主语为单数，谓语也用单数；主语为复数，谓语也用复数。主语为复数

2、，谓语也用复数。His pen _(be)blue.His pen _(be)blue.These shoes _(sell)well.These shoes _(sell)well.issell二、主谓一致的三个原则二、主谓一致的三个原则 2、意义一致：从意义的角度来处理主谓一致的关系。主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数；主语形式上为复数，但意义为单数，谓语动词用单数 Two months _(be)a long time.The crowed _(be)working over there.isare二、主谓一致的三个原则 3 3、就近原则：当主语被某些关联短语连接时，、就近原

3、则：当主语被某些关联短语连接时，谓语动词的单复数与离它最近的主语保持一致。谓语动词的单复数与离它最近的主语保持一致。There _(be)a chair and two desks There _(be)a chair and two desks in the room.in the room.There _(be)two desks and a chair There _(be)two desks and a chair in the room.in the room.Neither you nor I _(be)right.Neither you nor I _(be)right.Neit

4、her I nor you _(be)right.Neither I nor you _(be)right.isareaream三、主谓一致原则的具体运用 1 1、并列结构做主语、并列结构做主语（1 1）两个或两个以上的单数名词或代词由）两个或两个以上的单数名词或代词由and and 或或bothandbothand连接时，如果指的是两个人或事物，连接时，如果指的是两个人或事物，谓语代词用复数形式。谓语代词用复数形式。He and I _(be)good friends.He and I _(be)good friends.A teacher and a writer _(be)going t

5、o A teacher and a writer _(be)going to seeting.seeting.如果由如果由andand连接的两个词指的是同一个人、同一连接的两个词指的是同一个人、同一个事物或同一个概念时，谓语动词要用单数形个事物或同一个概念时，谓语动词要用单数形式。式。The teacher and writer _(be)going to The teacher and writer _(be)going to seeting.seeting.areareis(2)(2)由由andand连接的两个单数名词做主语，前连接的两个单数名词做主语，前面由面由every,eacheve

6、ry,each或或nono修饰时，意义上仍为修饰时，意义上仍为单数，谓语动词用单数形式。单数，谓语动词用单数形式。Every boy and every girl _(be)Every boy and every girl _(be)taught to read and write.taught to read and write.is(3)当主语后面跟有with,together with（和一起）,along with（和一起）,as well as 等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单复数形式要和等之前的主语在人称和数上保持一致。A teacher with fifteen students

7、_(be)working in the fields.Tom together with his friends _(go)swimming every day in summer.He as well as you _(be)good at painting.isgoesis(4)由eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的单复数按最接近它的主语的单复数形式而定。Either you or he_(know)something about it.knows2、不定代词做主语 不定代词each,neither,either以及包含som

8、e,any,every,no的复合不定代词，在意义上都属于单数。它们做主语时，谓语动词用单数。Each student_(have)a dictionary.Every minute _(be)important to us.Nobody_(be)seen on the playground.hasisis3、集体名词做主语（1）y family.The police _(be)standing there.(2)all指人时用复数谓语动词，指事物时用单数。All _(be)here.大家都到了。All_(go)well.一切都很好。areareareis（3）family,class,tea

9、m等集体名词作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词用单数形式；指其各个成员时，谓语动词用复数形式。试比较：My family_(be)a big one.我家是个大家庭。His family_(be)all working in Beijing.他全家人都在北京工作。The class_(have)fifty students.这个班有50个学生。The class_(be)listening to their teacher.这个班的同学正在听老师讲课。isarehasare4、特殊名词做主语 1）国名、人名、书名、报刊名、组织机构等专有名词做主语时，形式上即使是复数，谓语动词也要用单数。The Ti

10、mes(泰晤士报)_(be)an old newspaper.The United Nations(联合国)_(be)founded in 1943.isis（2）以-s结尾的学科名词（如maths,e to learn.The news_(be)very interesting.isis5、数量概念做主语（1）表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等复数名词做主语时，通常被看做一个整体，谓语动词用单数。Ten years_(be)a long time.Five minutes_(be)enough.Twenty dollars_(have)been s of vegetables_(be)enough

11、.isishasis(2)数学运算中的谓语动词用单数。Seven and eight_(be)fifteen.Two times three_(be)six.(3)“many a/more than one+单数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。Many a student_(go)to the cinema.许多学生去看电影。There_(be)more than one answer.有不止一个答案。（4）the rest of短语做主语时，若of后接复数名词，谓语动词用复数；若of后接不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。The rest of the students_(be)going to

12、 the oney_(be)not enough.isisgoareareis6、名词化的形容词做主语主语由“the+形容词”结构担任，表示某类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。The rich_(be)not always happy.The old_(be)taken good care of in the village.areare7、动名词、不定式或从句做主语 动名词、不定式或从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。To play with fire_(be)very dangerous.Reading in bed _(be)bad for your eyes.What the teacher said_(be)helpful to us.isisis The End Thank you!