Unit 1 Learning About Language 语法-ppt课件 - -（2022）新人教版(2019新版)高中英语选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、Unit 1 Science and ScientistsLearning About Language语法：表语从句语法：表语从句能力要求能力要求1.Enable the Students to master the usage of predicative in this unit.2.Enable the Students to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3.Train the Students to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.学习目标：定义：表语从句放在定义：表语

2、从句放在 之后，充当复合句中之后，充当复合句中的的 。结构结构:_ 主语主语+系动词系动词+引导词引导词+简单句简单句系动词系动词 表语表语 Underline all the examples in the reading passage where noun clauses are used as the predicative.Then state their meaning and functions.1.One theory was _ 2.Another was _ 3.The truth was _that cholera was caused by an infection f

3、rom germs in food or water.that bad air caused the disease.that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.predicative clause(表语从句表语从句)定义：表语从句放在定义：表语从句放在 之后，充当复合句中的之后，充当复合句中的 。结构结构:_ 主语主语+系动词系动词+引导词引导词+简单句简单句系动词系动词 表语表语 1.右面图表里的动词，不总是用作连系动词。2.代词充当表语时，通常用代词的宾格形式。3.做题时，区分该用动词过去分词、

4、V-ing形式还是动词的不定式充当表语：主语是动作的发出者，并且动作在持续进行时，用V-ing形式；主语是承受者时，动词使用过去分词；而当主语为动作执行者时，动词多用不定式。表语从句前的系动词表语从句前的系动词She remained _ there for a good hour,which surprised everyone.令所有人吃惊的是，她在那里站了很长时间。standing引导词引导词that,whether,as if,as though,because.连词连词when,where,why,how连接连接副词副词what/whatever,which/whichever,wh

5、o/whoever,whom,whose.连接连接代词代词表语从句的引导词表语从句的引导词1.that无词义，在句中不作成分。试翻译句子：试翻译句子：The trouble is that we are short of money.My idea is that he can teach children English in this school.2.whether意为“是否”，在句中不作成分。试翻译句子：试翻译句子：The question is whether we need more ice cream.The key is whether we can solve the pro

6、blem ourselves.3.what在表语从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。试翻译句子：试翻译句子：That is what I want to tell you.This is what we have been looking forward to for years.4.who,which,whom,whose除在句子中起连接作用外，还可作主语、宾语和定语，本身具有词义。试翻译句子：试翻译句子：The question is which of us should go.The problem is who we can get to replace her.表语从句的引导词表语从句的引导

7、词答案答案问题是我们是否还需要一些冰激凌。问题是我们是否还需要一些冰激凌。关键是我们能否自己解决这个问题。关键是我们能否自己解决这个问题。那就是我想告诉你的。那就是我想告诉你的。这是我们多年来一直期望的。这是我们多年来一直期望的。问题是我们哪一个应该去。问题是我们哪一个应该去。问题在于我们能找到谁去替换她呢。问题在于我们能找到谁去替换她呢。麻烦在于麻烦在于我们我们的的资金短缺。资金短缺。我的想法是他能够在这所学校教孩我的想法是他能够在这所学校教孩子们英语。子们英语。5.when,where,how除在句子中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式或原因状语，本身具有意义。试翻译句子：试翻译

8、句子：Go and get your coat.Its where you left it.The problem is how we can find him.6.That/This is why.那/这就是为什么。后面跟结果。That/This is because.那/这是因为。后面接原因。试翻译句子：试翻译句子：That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.That is because I love the place too much.7.as if/as though意为“

9、好像”。试翻译句子：试翻译句子：At that time,it seemed as if I couldnt think of the right word anyhow.It seems as if he didnt know the answer.去把外套拿来。就在你原来放去把外套拿来。就在你原来放的地方。的地方。问题是我们如何找到他。问题是我们如何找到他。那就是为什么在新英格兰牧场那就是为什么在新英格兰牧场周围用石头墙而不用栅栏。周围用石头墙而不用栅栏。那是因为我太爱这个地方了。那是因为我太爱这个地方了。当时当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。个恰当的字眼来。好

10、像他不知道答案。好像他不知道答案。表语从句的引导词表语从句的引导词答案答案1.表语从句一定要用正常语序。2.if不能引导表语从句，只能用whether来引导。3.在有表语从句的复合句中，主句和从句的时态可以不一致。4.that在表语从句中不可以省掉，表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是连系动词。注意注意The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.The question is if the enemy is marching towards

11、 us.The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.The question is why he cried yesterday.What I told him was that I would find him a good play.我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。（what在主语从句中作直接宾语，that 作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，但不能省略）The scissors are

12、not what I need.这把剪刀不是我所需要的。1.这就是去年举行运动会的地方。This is last year.2.唯一的问题是这个过程会有多快。The only question is.3.我想知道的是你何时能完成任务。What I want to know is .4.困难看来少不了。there are going to be a lot of difficulties.5.窗户都打开了，难怪这么冷。All the windows are open;thats.where the sports meeting was heldhow fast the process will

13、bewhen you can finish the taskIt looks as if/thoughwhy it is so cold引导词引导词充当成分充当成分备注备注who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever主语主语翻译视语境而定whom,who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever宾语、表语宾语、表语whose,what,which定语定语when,where,why,how状语状语that,whether,as if,as though,because不充当成分不充当成分总结总结练习练习Answer the

14、 following questions using the information from the reading passage as well as the predicative clauses.1.What was Snows discovery in two particular streets in London?Snows discovery in two particular streets in London was that _.2.What was Snow determined to find out during the 1854 outbreak of chol

15、era in London?What Snow was determined to find out was why _.3.What were the exact places Snow marked on the map?The exact places Snow marked on the map were where _.4.What was the finding that Snow announced?Snows finding was that _.EXAMPLEWhat Was it that John Snow showed to the world?What John Sn

16、ow showed to the world was how cholera could be overcome.the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten daysthe outbreak of cholera had caused over 500 deaths within ten daysall those who died had livedthe pump water carried cholera germs表语从句表语从句 Exercise 1David is talking

17、to Maria about their scientific research project.First complete Davids lines(A-E),using the words in the box.Then put Davids lines in the correct order and practise the conversation.A:Absolutely!You may not believe it,but that was _ happened at the initial stage of our groups research on developing

18、a vaccine for malaria.B:Yes,it is.And it seemed _ all the theories were useful,but the fact was _ we couldnt persuade one another that one theory was better than another.C:Exactly.The problem was not about _ all our theories were equally good,but in deciding _ theory to depend upon.D:We realised tha

19、t what we cared about was not _ aspect we needed to develop a theory in,but rather _ we can reduce the cost of a vaccine without reducing its effect!E:Youre right.At last,we became focused on the key issue,which was _ we had to carry out the research in the first place.表语从句表语从句 Exercise 2表语从句表语从句 Ex

20、ercise 3Maria:This mix of theory and data is one of the key characteristics of what we call science.David:_Maria:With your theoretical framework?David:_Maria:Deciding on a theory is definitely of critical importance.David:_Maria:This was when you should have calmed down and got down to doing some so

21、lid work.David:_Maria:So what happened in the end?David:_A:Absolutely!You may not believe it,but that was what happened at the initial stage of our groups research on developing a vaccine for malaria.B:Yes,it is.And it seemed as if all the theories were useful,but the fact was that we couldnt persua

22、de one another that one theory was better than another.C:Exactly.The problem was not about whether all our theories were equally good,but in deciding.which/what/whose theory to depend upon.D:We realised that which/what we cared about was not which aspect we needed to develop a theory in,but rather how we can reduce the cost of a vaccine without reducing its effect!E:Youre right.At last,we became focused on the key issue,which was why we had to carry out the research in the first place.Now put Davids lines in the correct order and practise the conversation.