Unit 1 Science and scientists Vocabulary Learning -ppt课件--（2022）新人教版(2019新版)高中英语选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、人教版新课标高中英语选择性必修第二册教学课件人教版新课标高中英语选择性必修第二册教学课件Unit 1 Science and scientistsVocabulary LearningVocabulary Learningassistant【释义释义】n.a person who helps or supports sb,usually in their job 助理【例句例句】My assistant will now demonstrate the machine in action.我的助手将演示机器运转情况。Mary was chosen as an assistant to help

2、 Mr.Brown finish his research.玛丽被选为助手来帮忙布朗先生完成他的研究。He was appointed as an assistant to the president for energy affairs.他被任为总统能源事务助理。【同根词同根词】assistance n.帮助，援助【语法填空语法填空】Ms.Li is a good _，whose _ benefits us a lot，and she is _ us in making chemical experiments in the lab now.(assist)/sstnt/assistanta

3、ssistanceassistingVocabulary Learningblame【释义释义】v.to think or say that sb./sth.is responsible for sth.bad 责怪，指责，把归咎于【例句例句】Dont blame him.After all,hes only a child.别责怪他，毕竟他还是个孩子。【常用搭配常用搭配】blame sb.for sth.The other driver blamed me for the accident.那个司机指责说事故责任在我。blame sth.on sb./sth.Police are blami

4、ng the accident on dangerous driving.警方把事故原因归咎于危险驾驶。be to blameThe hot weather is partly to blame for the water shortage.炎热的天气是缺水的原因之一。/blem/【释义释义】v.to think or say that sb./sth.is responsible for sth.bad 责怪，指责，把归咎于【例句例句】Dont blame him.After all,hes only a child.别责怪他，毕竟他还是个孩子。【常用搭配常用搭配】blame sb.for

5、sth.The other driver blamed me for the accident.那个司机指责说事故责任在我。blame sth.on sb./sth.Police are blaming the accident on dangerous driving.警方把事故原因归咎于危险驾驶。be to blameThe hot weather is partly to blame for the water shortage.炎热的天气是缺水的原因之一。Vocabulary Learningcast【释义释义】v.to look,smile,etc.in a particular d

6、irection 向投以（视线、笑容等）to throw sb./sth.somewhere,especially using force 投【例句例句】She cast a welcoming smile in his direction.她向他微笑以示欢迎。The priceless treasures had been cast into the Nile.价值连城的珍宝被扔进了尼罗河。They cast anchor at nightfall.他们傍晚抛锚停泊。【常用搭配常用搭配】cast awayThe ship was cast away during the storm.这条船在

7、暴风雨中失事。cast backShe cast her thoughts back to earlier times.她回想以往的岁月。/kst/Vocabulary Learningcontradictory【释义释义】adj.two statements,beliefs etc that are contradictory are different and therefore cannot both be true or correct 相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的【例句例句】The public is being fed contradictory messages about th

8、e economy.公众得到的有关经济的信息相互矛盾。The advice I received was often contradictory.我所得到的建议常常是相互矛盾的。【同根词同根词】contradict v.相矛盾，相反【常用搭配常用搭配】contradictory toFreedom and discipline are not contradictory to each other.自由与纪律并不对立。/kntrdktri/Vocabulary Learningdefend【释义释义】vi.&vt.to do something in order to protect some

9、one or something from being attacked 保护，保卫【例句例句】We ought to defend our country.我们应当保卫我们的国家。Troops have been sent to defend the borders.已派出部队去守卫边疆。【常用搭配常用搭配】+against sth.We need to defend against military aggression.我们要防御军事侵略。【同根词同根词】defensive adj.自卫的，防御的defence n.防御；防卫；答辩；防卫设备/dfend/Vocabulary Learn

10、inggifted【释义释义】adj.having a lot of natural ability or intelligence 有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的【例句例句】He was gifted linguistically.他在语言方面有天赋。She was an extremely gifted poet.她是一位极具才华的诗人。Gifted with a superb voice,she became the Operas leading soprano.她天生一副好嗓子，成了歌剧团的领衔女高音。【同根词同根词】gift n.礼物【常用搭配常用搭配】be gifted withH

11、e was gifted with a charming smile.他有一副迷人的微笑。/ftd/Vocabulary Learninghousehold【释义释义】n.all the people who live together in one house 一家人 adj.relating to looking after a house and the people in it 家庭的，家用的，家务的【例句例句】A growing number of households have at least one computer.越来越多的家庭拥有至少一台计算机。Video phones

12、wont become a household appliance for a long time.视频电话在很长一段时间内都不会成为家用电器。【常用搭配常用搭配】household wordThe advertisement campaign is designed to make this new product a household word in every Chinese home.这次广告宣传的目的就是要使这一新产品在中国家喻户晓。【构词法构词法】uphold v 举起，高举，支持 /hashld/Vocabulary Learninginfect【释义释义】v.to make

13、a disease or an illness spread to a person,an animal or a plant 使感染；传染 to make sb.share a particular feeling 感染【例句例句】People with the virus may feel perfectly well,but they can still infect others.带病毒的人可能毫无症状，却仍可能传染他人。A single mosquito can infect a large number of people.一只蚊子就可以感染很多人。She infected the

14、 children with her enthusiasm for music.她对音乐的热爱感染了孩子们。【常用搭配常用搭配】be infected withThere is a 60%probability that the population will be infected with the disease.民众感染这种疾病的概率为60%。/nfekt/Vocabulary Learninginitial【释义释义】n.happening at the beginning 开始的，最初的【例句例句】After shed overcome her initial shyness,she

15、 became very friendly.她克服了开始的羞怯之后，变得十分友善。We got through the initial testing period.我们通过了最初的考试阶段。【同根词同根词】initially adv.最初【词语辨析词语辨析】initial,originalinitial 开始的，最初的，强调处于事物的起始阶段，也可以指位于开头地方的；original 最初的，最早的；原版的，原物的。指按顺序是首位的，在此前不再有更为原始的同类的东西；也指原件的，原物的，非仿造的东西。/n()l/Vocabulary Learningintervention【释义释义】n.t

16、he act of becoming involved in an argument,fight,or other difficult situation in order to change what happens 介入；出面；干涉【例句例句】The two men would have continued fighting but for the intervention of a policeman.要是没有警察前来干预，两个人会一个劲儿打下去的。He underwent the surgical intervention on blood vessels of his left le

17、g.他左腿的血管动过外科手术。【同根词同根词】intervene v.介入，干涉【同义词同义词】interference n.介入，干预involvement n.牵连到的事物 /ntvenn/Vocabulary Learningleadership【释义释义】v.the state or position of being a leader 领导；领导地位 the ability to be a leader or the qualities a good leader should have 领导才能【例句例句】The party thrived under his leadership

18、.这个党派在他的领导下兴旺起来。Strong leadership is needed to captain the team.担任这个队的队长需要强有力的领导才能。What most people want to see is determined,decisive action and firm leadership.大多数人希望看到的是果决的行动和强有力的领导作风。【同根词同根词】leader n.领袖，向导【构词法构词法】citizen 公民-citizenship 公民权 member 会员-membership 会员资格 /lidp/Vocabulary Learningmecha

19、nic【释义释义】n.someone who is skilled at repairing motor vehicles and machinery 机械师；机械修理工【例句例句】If you smell gas fumes or burning,take the car to your mechanic.如果你闻见汽油冒烟或燃烧的异味，应把车送修。An elevator mechanic can work the machinery directly by turning this lever.电梯修理工可以转动这根杠杆直接操作机器。He was a born mechanic with

20、a flair for design.他生来就是个有设计天赋的机械师。【同根词同根词】mechanical adj.机械方面的；机械制的mechanics n.机械学【同义词同义词】mechanist 机械师 /mknk/Vocabulary Learningmultiple【释义释义】adj.many,or involving many things,people,events etc 数量多的；多种多样的 n.a quantity that contains another quantity an exact number of times 倍数【例句例句】Baxter was rushe

21、d to the hospital with multiple stab wounds.巴克斯特因多处刺伤被紧急送往医院。His new album includes multiple versions of the same songs.他的新专辑包括同一首歌的多个版本。20 is a multiple of 5.20是5的倍数。【同义词同义词】many adj.许多的 various adj.多样的【构词法构词法】multiple adj.多个的 triple adj.三个的 multinational adj.跨国的 multimedia adj.多媒体的 /mltpl/Vocabula

22、ry Learningproof【释义释义】n.information,documents,etc.that show that something is true证明，证据【例句例句】There is no proof that the knife belonged to her.没有证据证明那把刀子是属于她的。You will be asked to give proof of your identity.你将被要求提供你的身份证明。【词语辨析词语辨析】testimony,evidence,proof,witnesstestimony 指证据、证词，多系法律用语。evidence 普通用词

23、，在法律上指能起证明作用的，如证明、公证书以及所有的实物东西等。在生活中指任何一样可证明某一件事的真实性的东西。proof 指足以直接证明某事为某事实的依据，侧重作为充分证据所导致的结果。witness 指证据或证人，尤指后者，且有亲眼见到之意。/pru:f/Vocabulary Learningsevere【释义释义】adj.severe problems,injuries,illnesses etc are very bad or very serious(问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的；severe weather is very bad and very extreme,and very

24、 hot,dry,cold etc(天气等)严峻的，激烈的；someone who is severe behaves in a way that does not seem friendly or sympathetic,and is very strict or disapproving 严厉的【例句例句】His injuries were quite severe.他的伤势很严重。We have not had such a severe winter for so long.我们很久没有过如此寒冷的冬天了。We should be severe with ourselves.我们应该严

25、于律己。【同义词同义词】serious adj.严重的；stern adj.严厉的【同根词同根词】severely adv.严重地，严厉地/sv/Vocabulary Learningsubscribe【释义释义】v.to pay money,usually once a year,to have copies of a newspaper or magazine sent to you订阅报纸或杂志【例句例句】For learning English,I have to subscribe to some magazines.为了英语学习，我不得不订阅一些杂志。The user then p

26、icks an account to subscribe by clicking on it.然后用户通过单击选择要订阅的帐户。【常用搭配常用搭配】+(to sth.)I hope we can subscribe to it in China in the near future.我希望在不久的将来我们能在中国订阅到它。【记忆记忆】sub 下+scrib 写+e 在单子下面写上名字 订阅；认购/sbskrab/Vocabulary Learningsubstantial【释义释义】adj.large in amount,value,or importance 大量的；价值巨大的；重大的 la

27、rge and strongly made 牢固的；坚实的【例句例句】Substantial numbers of people support the reforms.相当多的人支持这些改革措施。They demand that blacks be given a substantial voice in the government.他们要求让黑人在政府中拥有重要的发言权。He made substantial donations to charity.他为慈善事业捐了很多钱。The house is substantial enough to last a hundred years.这

28、房子很坚固，100年也不会坏。【同根词同根词】substance n.物质，实质【同义词同义词】considerable adj.大量的【反义词反义词】insubstantial adj.不牢固的 /sbstnl/Vocabulary Learningsuspect【释义释义】v.to think that something is probably true,especially something bad 怀疑 to think that something is not honest or true 不信任n.someone who is thought to be guilty of

29、a crime 犯罪嫌疑人【例句例句】I suspected that there was something wrong with the engine.我怀疑发动机出了什么故障。I began to suspect his motives in inviting me.我开始怀疑他邀请我的动机。Two suspects were arrested today in connection with the robbery.有两名与劫案有关的嫌疑人今天被逮捕。【常用搭配常用搭配】suspect sb.of sth.He was suspected of treason.他有叛国嫌疑。/sspe

30、kt/Vocabulary Learningtransform【释义释义】v.to completely change the appearance,form,or character of something or someone,especially in a way that improves it 使改观，使变形，使转化【例句例句】Increased population has transformed the landscape.人口的增加使景观发生了变化。It was an event that would transform my life.那是能够彻底改变我一生的一件事。【常用

31、搭配常用搭配】+sth.into sth.Water can transform a desert into a garden.水能使沙漠变为花园。【同义同义词词】change v.转变【同根词同根词】transformation n.转变/trnsfm/Vocabulary Learningvivid【释义释义】adj.vivid memories,dreams,descriptions etc are so clear that they seem real 生动的,鲜明的(of sbs imagination)able to form pictures of ideas,situatio

32、ns,etc.easily in the mind 丰富的【例句例句】He gave a vivid account of his life as a fighter pilot.他生动地描述了他那战斗机飞行员的生活。The actor gave a vivid performance as the mad king.演员逼真地扮演了那个疯狂的国王。The novel is well known for its vivid characterization.这部小说以丰富的人物描写而闻名。She had a vivid recollection of the scene.他对那场面有清晰的回忆。【同义词同义词】lively adj.生动的graphic adj.生动的，轮廓分明的 /vvd/