Unit 4 Learning about language2 -ppt课件 -（2022）新人教版(2019新版)高中英语选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、In this class,you will1.summarize and compare the function and meaning of past participles and present participles;2.use past participles and present participles to do exercise.1.The next day was clear and mild,they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.2.Seen from th

2、e train window,the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.3.For both of them,the thought of crossing the whole country by rail was exciting.4.Looking at the beautiful scenery,they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.Observe the sentences(1)例句1中的pleased和例句3中的e

3、xciting分别为分词作_，主要表示主语they的_和the thought的特征。(2)例句2中的过去分词短语在句中作_状语。(3)例句4中的现在分词短语在句中作_状语。心理状态心理状态伴随伴随表表 语语伴随伴随语通读下列句子并感知过去分词所作的成分。I never thought I was very talented at anything to do with music.My cousin is very interested in painting.Moved by this music，he said，“It was like seeing color for the firs

4、t time.”Well known as a successful band，the impact members show quite a few striking abilities.Observe the sentences(1)例句中的talented和例句中的interested为过去分词作_，主要表示主语的_和特征。(2)例句中的过去分词短语在句中作_状语。(3)例句中的过去分词短语在句中作_状语。表语表语状态状态伴随伴随原因原因Key points一、过去分词作表语一、过去分词作表语1意义意义位于系动词位于系动词(如如be，get，become，look，feel，seem等等

5、)之后，多表示之后，多表示主主语的状态或特征语的状态或特征，它所体现的是形容词的特性。，它所体现的是形容词的特性。lShe looked disappointed.lWe were encouraged at the news.2过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态状态；动词的被动语态表示主语是动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者动作的承受者，强调，强调动作。动作。lThe cup is broken.lThe cup was broken by Tom.状态：烂了的状态：烂了的动作：被打烂动作：被打烂

6、disappointed、encouraged形容形容she、we的感受。的感受。3现在分词（现在分词（doing）与过去分词（）与过去分词（done）作表语的区别）作表语的区别lThey became so worried that they stayed awake all night.lThe situation became so worrying that something should be done at once.过去分词过去分词表示表示人自身的感受人自身的感受或事物或事物自身的状态自身的状态，常译作，常译作“感到感到的的”现在分词现在分词表示表示事物具有的特性事物具有的特性

7、，常译作，常译作“令人令人的的”they的内心感受是的内心感受是worriedsituation的特点是的特点是worrying【学以致用【学以致用1】单句语法填空I was too _(tire)to walk any further.When he heard the _ story，he was deeply _.(move)Tom was more _(surprise)than _(disappoint)at this news.tiredmovingmovedsurpriseddisappointed二、过去分词作状语二、过去分词作状语1过去分词作状语，表示过去分词作状语，表示被动

8、或完成被动或完成的动作的动作可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。(1)作时间状语过去分词作时间状语时，相当于一个when，while，after，once等引导的时间状语从句。lOnce published，the dictionary will be very popular.lWhen completed,the library will be open to the public next pleted的主语是的主语是library，构成动宾关系，即被动关系。，构成动宾关系，即被动关系。=When the library is completed,(Once the dic

9、tionary is published)(2)作原因状语过去分词作原因状语时，相当于一个as，since，because等引导的原因状语从句。Absorbed in painting，John didnt notice evening approaching.(3)作条件状语过去分词作条件状语时，相当于一个if，unless等引导的条件状语从句。Given another hour，I can also work out this problem.(Because John was absorbed in painting)(If I am given another hour)(4)作让步

10、状语过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个though，although，even if/though等引导的让步状语从句。Beaten by the opposite team，we didnt lose heart and encouraged each other.(5)作方式或伴随状语过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，可以转换成一个并列句。The old man got on the bus，supported by a girl.(and he was supported by a girl)(Though we were beaten by the opposite team)过去分词可以作各

11、种状语，前提是从句的主语与主句主过去分词可以作各种状语，前提是从句的主语与主句主语一致，相当于对应的状语从句。语一致，相当于对应的状语从句。【名师点津】【名师点津】过去分词作状语的注意事项过去分词作状语时，其前面可以带有相应的连词带有相应的连词，如when，though，although，as if，as though，if，unless，until，once等，表时间、让步、条件、方式等。lIf invited，I will attend the wedding of my friend.过去分词(短语)作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。lCaug

12、ht，the thief will be punished by the police.(caught的逻辑主语为the thief)If I am invitedOnce the thief is caught有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示人的状态，不一定是被动含人的状态，不一定是被动含义义。常见的有：satisfied，surprised，interested，moved，worried，pleased，disappointed等。lDisappointed at the examination results，the girl stood there without saying

13、a word.The girl was disappointed at the examination results and she stood there without.2过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别过去分词与句子的主语主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系动宾关系，即表被动被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系主谓关系，即表主动主动。lAsked why he was late，he cried.lLooking out of the window，I saw some students playing there.ask与主句与主句he构成被动构成被

14、动look与主句与主句I构成被动构成被动【学以致用【学以致用2】用过去分词短语改写下列句子Although we were exhausted by the climb，we continued our journey._，we continued our journey.She was dressed in white and suddenly appeared._，she suddenly appeared.Aunt Wu came in and she was followed by her daughter.Aunt Wu came in，_.Exhausted by the clim

15、bDressed in whitefollowed by her daughterTips:1.先判断主从句是否主语统一；先判断主从句是否主语统一；2.非谓语动词与主语构成主动？被动？非谓语动词与主语构成主动？被动？3.连词可以去掉，直接用分词做状语。连词可以去掉，直接用分词做状语。Past participle-edPresent participle-ing作表语描述情感：感到感到的的描述人/物/地点：令人的作状语与逻辑主语之间的关系是被动的与逻辑主语之间的关系是主动的Summarize时间上：已完成时间上：进行中，持续性【学以致用【学以致用3】选词填空A.Followed BFollow

16、ing_the old man，we went upstairs._ by the old man，we went upstairs.A.Used BUsing_for a long time，the book looks old._ the book，I find it useful.A.Seeing BSeen_ from the top，the stadium looks like a bird nest._ from the space，the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall.Tip：分词做状语，找主句的主语和分词之间的关系！：分词做

17、状语，找主句的主语和分词之间的关系！1.驶出海湾，他们才能看到美丽的小岛，在那里有很多售卖手工艺品和古董的商店。Make sentences by using participles as adverbial or predicative.2.看到多种多样的野生动物，他们一致认为这是旅途中最精彩的部分。1.And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds _(surround)the mountain tops,he was reduced to tears.(2020新课标全国卷III)2.Oranges:

18、Orange trees are more than decoration;they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.They make great gifts and you see them many times _(decorate)with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.(2020新课标全国卷II)surroundingdecorated3.All the football players on the playground cheered loudly,_(say)that I h

19、ad a talent for football.(2019全国卷I)4.Earth Day,_(mark)on 22 April,is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.(2019北京)sayingmarkedRewrite the sentences.Add information as necessary.When people asked the man what the trip meant to him,he said it was“an experienc

20、e of a lifetime”.When asked what the trip meant to him,the man said it was“an experience of a lifetime.”1.Butchart Gardens was transformed from a quarry.It was now become a famous destination for travellers.Transformed from a quarry,Butchart Gardens has now become a famous destination for travellers

21、.2.If you compare Quebec City with other cities in Canada,it seems more like a charming European village.Compared with other cities in Canada,Quebec City seems more like a charming European village.3.They did not know where to start their sightseeing in Luoyang,so they went to the Tourist Informatio

22、n Centre.Not knowing where to start their sightseeing in Luoyang,they went to the Tourist Information Centre.4.When they heard that the Sea-to-Sky Highway was Canadas most scenic drive,they made West Vancouver their first destination.Hearing that the Sea-to-Sky Highway was Canadas most scenic drive,

23、they made West Vancouver their first destination.随堂训练巩固提升.单句语法填空单句语法填空1Both he and I are _(satisfy)with the result.2She accepted the gift，deeply _(move)3We went to the cinema，_(fill)with excitement.4Once _(pour)，water cannot be taken back.5_(see)those pictures，he couldnt help thinking of those days

24、in his hometown.satisfiedmovedfilledpouredSeeing6The news was _ and they were all _ at it.(excite)7We all felt _ at the _ news.(encourage)8Generally speaking，when _(take)according to the directions，the drug has no side effect.9When _(ask)about the secret of his success，the famous athlete said that h

25、e owes much of his success and happiness to his wife and children.10Clearly and thoughtfully _(write)，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.excitingexcitedencouragedencouragingtakenaskedwritten.单句写作单句写作1这个学校成立于二十世纪初，一直鼓励孩子热爱艺术。_，the school keeps on inspiring chi

26、ldrens love of art.2由于受到所取得的成绩的鼓励，他工作更努力了。_ he has made，he works harder.3尽管被警告过有暴风雨，农民们仍然在田地里劳作。Though _，the farmers were still working in the fields.Founded in the early 20th centuryEncouraged by the progresswarned of the storm4被老师批评了，他感到很沮丧。_ the teacher，he felt very depressed.5因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声

27、音。_，he didnt hear the sound.6当我进去的时候，他们正在全神贯注地热烈讨论。When I went in,they _ in a heated discussion.Scolded byLost in deep thoughtwere absorbed.语法填空语法填空Last year，two days before Christmas，my friends called，telling me their kitchen caught fire，1._(destroy)eyerything in it.I drove to their house，taking al

28、l the food that I had.They were so happy to see me，but felt 2._(embarrass)having nothing to give me in return.I went home，very upset.3._(actual)，I was also in a hard place financially and unable to do 4._(much)for them.I told a friend of 5._(I)about this，who responded，“These people mean a lot to you

29、 and I want to help them”Since he had never met them，he requested me 6._(go)to the grocery store，all on him.At the checkout，I noticed him lacking money，so that I had to have some items taken back.We were walking away 7._ I heard a voice behind me asking the clerk，“How much are those things？Id like t

30、o pay for them.”I turned around，8._ (thank)the kind man and told him everything He explained that he understood as he had lost his job the year before but now was working again.9._ tears in our eyes，all of us went away.It was such 10._ wonderful feeling to see folks step forward when someone needed

31、help，even a total stranger.【语篇解读】【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者用自己的亲身经历告诉人们要做善良的人，帮助那些需要帮助的人。1destroying句意为：去年圣诞节前两天，朋友打电话告诉我，他们的厨房着火了，烧毁了里面的一切。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语形式，作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词destroying。2embarrassed句意为：他们看见我非常高兴，但因为没有什么可以回报我的东西而感到尴尬。此处用ed形式的形容词表示人的感受。3Actually应用副词修饰整个句子，作状语。4more句意为：事实上，我自己经济上也很困难，无法为

32、他们做更多。此处暗含比较意义，故用比较级。5minea friend of mine指“我的朋友”，为双重所有格。6to gorequest sb.to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“请求某人做某事”。7whenbe doing sth.when.为固定句型，意为“正在做某事，这时”。8thanked分析句子结构可知，设空处和turned以及told是由and连接的并列谓语动词，由此可知设空处也应填动词的过去式。9With句意为：我们眼含热泪离开了。此处是with复合结构作伴随状语。10a此处是“such不定冠词形容词名词”结构，意为“如此的”。wonderful发音从辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。