Unit 2 Welcome to the unit — Reading单词用法讲解ppt课件 -（2020版）新牛津译林版高中英语必修第三册.pptx

1、单词课堂版本：新译林版本：新译林 单元：必修三单元：必修三 Unit 2(Welcome to the unit Reading)本单元词汇梳理1.county：来自count(伯爵)，伯爵管辖的土地 郡、县法国作家大仲马有著名作品基督山伯爵(The Count of Monte Cristo)2.injure：词族：injury,injure,injured；词块：the injured3.disaster：词块：natural disasters,the disaster area4.reaction：react(v 反应)+-tion(名词后缀)react：re-(against 相反)

2、+act(行动)向相反的方向行动 对作出反应 一词多义：基本义“反应”词块：reaction to；词族：act,react,reaction5.crash：词源：拟声词，模仿碰撞的声音 一词多义：基本义“撞碎”熟词生义：电脑死机 词块：crash into,a car/plane crash,a noisy crash6.signal：sign(mark 记号)+-al(名词后缀)信号；暗号 名词动词化：发信号(signal to sb to do sth)7.exit：ex-(out 向外)+-it(to go 走)向外走 出去 出口 正式用语：对应leave；名词动词化：出去；离去 反义

3、词：entrance8.orderly：order(n 秩序)+-ly；词块：in an orderly way/line9.stair：词块：go up/down stairs,a flight of stairs 10.roll：来自纸卷、文件；一词多义：基本义“卷”词块：a roll of toilet paper,roll call,spring rolls,roll up/away 派生词：rolling(rolling hills)11.confirm：con-(加强)+firm(to strengthen 加强、巩固)加强某事的真实性 证实、证明；派生词：confirmation

4、12.hug：词块：give sb a hug=hug sb13.odd：近义词strange14.bubble：拟声词，模仿吹气泡的声音；名词动词化：冒泡15.occur：oc-(=ob-against,toward 相对、向)+cur(to run 跑)相对着跑，即跑到一起 遇到 发生 词块：occur to,it occurs to sb(that),it occurs to sb to do sth16.relief：构词法 relieve relief 词块：in/with relief,to ones relief17.destructive：de-(down 向下)+struc(

5、to build 建立)+-ive(形容词后缀)向下建立的、倒下的 破坏性的18.pole：词块：the North/South Pole,light poles19.inform：in-(into-进入)+form(to shape 形成)使进入内心形成看法 使了解 通知 词块：inform sb about/of sth,inform sb that reaction一词多义一词多义词族词族 crash一词多义一词多义熟词生义熟词生义occur辨析义辨析义英语释义英语释义正式用语与正式用语与非正式用语非正式用语inform重难点词精讲一词多义一词多义confirm一词多义一词多义rollo

6、dd一词多义一词多义signal搭配义搭配义react 词源解读词源解读react:re-(相反)+act(行动)向相反的方向行动 对对作出反应作出反应react 意为“对作出反应”、“产生不良反应”时，与介词 to 搭配；意为“起（化学反应）”时，与介词 with 搭配。react vi（对对）作出反应作出反应(respond)：How did the students react to the monitors suggestion?产生不良反应产生不良反应 to become ill after eating,breathing,etc.a particular substance：So

7、me people react badly to certain food.起（化学）反应：起（化学）反应：It shows us how iron reacts with air and with water.7reaction n react+-tion C&U 反应反应：What was his reaction to the news?My immediate reaction was one of shock.C&U 生理反应；副作用生理反应；副作用：She had a severe allergic reaction to the drug.C&U 化学反应：化学反应：the re

8、action of metals with oxygenreact 语义网络图对食物等有不良“反应”起（化学）反应（对）作出反应（基本义）react物质等发生化学 “反应”产生不良反应reaction生理反应;副作用化学反应9act 同族词同族词action activity activist reaction react interact actively active actress actor act 演员（男）演员（男）演员（女）演员（女）-ive(有有倾向的；有倾向的；有性质的性质的)-ly(以以方式方式)inter-(在在之间；相互之间；相互)-tion(的行为的行为/状态状态/结

9、果结果)re-(再；重新再；重新)-tion(的行的行为为/状态状态/结果结果)-ist(专业人专业人员员;专家；专家；从事从事的人的人)-ty(的状态；的状态；的特性的特性)crash 最初是一个象声词，模仿打碎的声音“哗啦”；随着社会的发展，产生了“（公司等）倒闭”“（股票）暴跌”“（计算机等）死机”等意思。名词释义是由动词释义转化而来。crash(v)出现于公元前14世纪晚期，词源义是“break in pieces”“打碎”。crash 词源解读 vi&vt（使）发出撞击声；（使）发出爆裂声：crash vThe plates crashed to the floor.She stor

10、med out of the room and crashed the door shut behind her.vi&vt（使飞机）坠毁；（使汽车等）猛撞：The news that the plane had crashed made us sad.He crashed his car into a wall.vi（公司等）倒闭；（股票）暴跌；（计算机等）死机；崩溃：The company crashed with debts of 2 million.The computers that we use at the moment are old and slow,and they oft

11、en crash.crash n C 常用单数 哗啦声；撞击声；爆裂声：At that moment,we hear a huge crash and then silence.碰撞（事件）；（飞机）坠毁：All the passengers were killed in the plane crash.暴跌；（计算机等的）崩溃：tips for fixing computer system crashes 撞碎crash基本义“撞碎”物体，发出巨响“撞碎”飞机、汽车等“撞碎”公司、股票等(使)发出撞击声；(使)发出爆裂声(使飞机)坠毁；(使汽车等)猛撞 (公司等)倒闭；(股票)暴跌；(计算机

12、等)崩溃哗啦声；撞击声；爆裂声暴跌；(计算机等的)崩溃ncrash语义网络图碰撞 (事件)；(飞机)坠毁vsignaltraffic signals交通信号灯交通信号灯a danger signal危险信号危险信号signal手机信号手机信号signal n C 信号；暗号(sign)；信号灯：This was a signal for him to continue.digital TV signals vi&vt 发信号；示意；vt 表明；标志着：He signalled wildly for help,but nobody noticed.The bell signalled that

13、school was over.signal 词源解读：signal：sign(mark 记号)+-al(名词后缀)信号；暗号摇滚乐的英语为什么是摇滚乐的英语为什么是 RocknRoll呢？呢？rollrocknroll中，rock的意思是“推动、撕扯、晃动。roll的词源义是“小车轮”，与rock组合在一起构成俗语“rocking and rolling”。17世纪之后的水手们用这句话来比喻船只的左右晃动。1920年，“rocking and rolling”从原义上引申为指代跳舞或摇摆身体的某种运动。美国一个叫Alan Freed的电台主持人用“The Rock and Roll Sess

14、ion”来描述一种融合了“rhythm and blues（节奏布鲁斯）”和“country music（乡村音乐）”的新音乐风格。因为他的电台节目极具人气，“rock nroll”这种乐曲风格开始流传，越来越广。roll n C 卷；卷轴；卷卷；卷轴；卷/筒状物：筒状物：a toilet roll(BrE)/a roll of toilet papera roll of film（正式的）名册；名单：（正式的）名册；名单：There are 620 hundred children on the school roll.the honor roll/the roll of honorAfte

15、r a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound,they relaxed,laughing,crying and hugging each other.卷状食品；面包卷：卷状食品；面包卷：spring rolls a roll and butter for breakfast a chicken roll vt&vi（使）翻滚；（使）滚动：（使）翻滚；（使）滚动：The apples fell out of the bag and rolled everywhere.He tried to roll the rock up the hi

16、ll.Tears slowly rolled down her cheeks.The clouds rolled away and the sun came out.vi&vt（使）翻身；打滚；（眼睛）转动：（使）翻身；打滚；（眼睛）转动：While walking,I noticed a pony roll over on his back.Cassie rolled her eyes.vi&vt 使成筒形使成筒形/球形；卷：球形；卷：We raced around the garden and rolled a big snowball to make a lovely snowman.H

17、e rolled up his sleeves.rolling adj只用于名词前起伏的只用于名词前起伏的 roll 语义网络图语义网络图呈呈卷卷状的物体状的物体卷卷起的名单起的名单呈呈卷卷状的食品状的食品卷；卷轴；卷卷；卷轴；卷 /筒状筒状卷卷（基本义）使）翻滚；使）翻滚；（使）滚动（使）滚动使成筒形使成筒形 /球形；卷球形；卷vn（正式的）名（正式的）名册；名单册；名单卷状食品；面卷状食品；面包卷包卷使物体使物体“卷卷”起起来即为来即为“滚动滚动”confirm当我们想注册一个新账户或者重置密码时通常会看见confirm password。意思是“确认密码”，如果两次输入的密码不一样，系统

18、则会通知你：Your new and confirm password are different.Please enter your passwords again.您的新密码和确认密码不相符，请再次输入密码。生活中的confirmconfirm vt 证实；证明：The experiment confirmed his theory.confirm+(that)/wh-从句：Research has confirmed that the risk is higher for women.确认（安排、日期或情况）：confirm a booking/reservation confirm 词

19、源解读：confirm 由con-(强调)+firm(to strengthen 加强、巩固)加强某事的真实性 “证实”“证明”Six people have confirmed that they will be attending the conference.confirmation n C&U 证实；确认（书）odd adj 奇怪的；怪异的：奇怪的；怪异的：an odd way to behave Its odd that she didnt phone to say she couldnt come.只用于名词前偶尔发生的：只用于名词前偶尔发生的：odd jobs 常用于名词前（一双

20、或一套中）不成对的：常用于名词前（一双或一套中）不成对的：odd socks/gloves/shoes against all(the)odds 尽管困难重重：尽管困难重重：When we visited the ward the next morning,we wereamazed to see that against all odds,both boys werestill alive.外研新选必 4 Major earthquakes like this _（发生）（发生）.happen 正式用语正式用语根据所给汉语，在空白处填入根据所给汉语，在空白处填入1个适当的单词。个适当的单词。

21、occur/occur 正式用语正式用语 发生发生 to happen:A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China.2017 江苏 出现；存在出现；存在 to exist or be found somewhere：Sugar occurs naturally in fruit.Cultural differences occur wherever you go.2014 重庆occur to sb 浮现于脑中；被想起：浮现于脑中；被想起：it occurs to sb to do sth:It occurre

22、d to her to phone the police.it occurs to sb+that 从句从句:Not once did it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.2013 湖南occur 词源解读：词源解读：occur：oc-(=ob-against,toward 相对、向)+cur(to run 跑)相对着跑，即跑到一起的 遇到 发生occur 句中写句中写读后续写读后续写1.A sudden thought occurred to him.读写细节描写一句多译：想到

23、了一个想法(flash)(enter)(strike)(hit)(take)2.A sudden thought flashed across his mind.3.A sudden thought entered his mind.4.A sudden thought struck him.5.A sudden thought hit him.6.He was taken by a sudden thought.词汇拓展词汇拓展 C 发生的事情：发生的事情：everyday occurrences U 发生；出现发生；出现 occurrence n辨析辨析occur,happen,take

24、place 相同点：相同点：三者都可指“发生”。三者都是不及物动词，都无被动。不同点：不同点：occur 指“发生”时可与happen换用，但occur较为正式。If any of these symptoms occur while you are taking the medicine,consult your doctor immediately.happen 主要用于偶然或突发性事件，多指意外事故、不幸的事。Maybe something unexpected happened.take place 主要指按计划进行或发生，可指发生好事或不好的事。The conference will

25、 take place next month.inform从从AB选项中选出正确的答案，体会两者的差异。选项中选出正确的答案，体会两者的差异。1.Can you kindly _ me where the supermarket is?2.We are very sorry to _ you that your flight has been delayed.A.tell B.inform二者是正式用语和非正式用语的区别。inform是正式用语，一般用于正式的、文字性或广播性的公告，而tell则是日常用语。AB 正式用语正式用语 通知；告诉通知；告诉 to tell sb about sth,

26、especially in an official way：inform sb about/of sth:Bees fly in circles to inform their partners about/of food or danger.inform sb+(that)/wh-从句从句：We would like to inform all passengers that the restaurant car is now open.inform词源解读：词源解读：inform：in-(into-进入)+form(to shape 形成)使进入内心形成看法 通知 金句汇总金句汇总1.My

27、 immediate reaction was one of shock.2.She stormed out of the room and crashed the door shut behind her.3.After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound,they relaxed,laughing,crying and hugging each other.4.The clouds rolled away and the sun came out.5.Six people have confirmed that they w

28、ill be attending the conference.6.Not once did it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.7.We would like to inform all passengers that the restaurant car is now open.随堂检随堂检测测写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.A schoolgirl saved her fathers life by kicking him in the chest after he

29、suffered a serious allergic reaction which stopped his heart.（2014 四川）_ 2.What was the authors first reaction when he saw a pony roll on its back?_ 3.It set off a chain reaction in the international money markets._ 过敏反应 reaction第一反应 连锁反应 一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.It is an ocean that moves,impressively an

30、d endlessly.It makes all kinds of noise it is forever thundering,boiling,crashing,and whistling.（2013 重庆）_2.When did the computer crash?（2012 福建）_ 3.Car drivers have to obey traffic regulations that tell them the right things to do on the road to avoid crashes.（2012 广东）_ 4.It was sad news that no on

31、e survived the AirAsia plane crash which happened on December 28,2014._发出撞击声死机 碰撞（事件）飞机失事；飞机坠毁事故 crash5.The team crashed to their worst defeat this season._6.Investigators are still trying to figure out why the engines in this plane lost power,forcing it to crash-land with more than 150 passengers o

32、n board._7.There was a crash of thunder just now._（比赛中）溃败；惨败紧急迫降 一声炸雷；一声响雷二、What does“crash a party”mean?To“crash a party”is an idiomatic expression that means to attend a party without receiving an invitation.This expression may have developed from the idea of breaking and entering.If uninvited gue

33、sts want to find a way into a party,they would need to break in,probably resulting in the sound of a crash either through smashing glass or breaking furniture.Depending on the kind of party one is trying to attend,however,it is unlikely that one would actually have to break anything in order to ente

34、r.Typically the term“crash a party”is used by teens and college students to describe going to parties without an invitation.Most adults rarely crash a party._擅自闯入宴会；不邀而至signal写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.In our class,when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book,it was a signal for every

35、one to stand up.(2009 湖北改)_2.The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than that on the small ones.（2013 四川）_3.In order not to be heard,she pointed her finger upwards to signal that someone was moving about upstairs.(2015 湖北改)_4.He has,by quitting the job,signalled his unhappiness wi

36、th the governments decision._信号信号示意示意信号灯信号灯表明表明一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.When one wolf starts to howl,very likely others will follow,as if wolves were doing some sort of“roll call”to report their presence.（2011 湖北改）_2.He made the honor roll means that he was on the list of the best stu

37、dents at school._3.The photographers had already shot a roll of film._二、二、根据所给汉语，完成下列句子。根据所给汉语，完成下列句子。1.When I was a little kid I _(滚下来)a hill and broke my leg.2.She _(翻身)to let the sun brown her back.3._(卷起)your sleeves and get ready for hard work.roll点名点名光荣榜光荣榜rolled downrolled over一卷胶卷一卷胶卷Roll up

38、confirm写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Her new role could confirm her as one of our leading actors._2.All telephone reservations must be confirmed in writing._ 3.The king confirmed that the election（选举）would be on July 20th._4.Im still waiting for confirmation of the test results._证明/证实批准确认通知书odd写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义

39、。1.I left the house wearing two odd shoes.（2009 北京）_2.Whatever their bills came to,he always gave them back the few odd pence(便士),and I am sure they thought he was very generous(慷慨)._ 3.The odd thing is that we more often show great anger towards someone we are fond of than towards strangers._零钱不配对的

40、奇怪的一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Police reports are full of accidents that occur when people fall into sleep and go off the road.（2011 全国）_2.Violence of some sort seems to occur in every society._二、二、根据所给汉语，完成下列句子。根据所给汉语，完成下列句子。1._(我没有想到)that he might have had problems.2.Emerson would alwa

41、ys set down new ideas _(他想到的).3.I suppose _(她根本没想到要请求帮助).4._(他突然想到)that he had left his keys in the office.It didnt occur to methat/which occurred to himit didnt occur to her to ask for helpIt suddenly occurred to him occur发生发生存在存在三、三、选出适当的词或短语，并用其正确形式填空。选出适当的词或短语，并用其正确形式填空。1.The Olympics _ every fo

42、ur years.2.No one knows exactly what _ but several people have been hurt.3.If headaches _while you are taking the medicine,consult your doctor immediately.occur happen take placetake placehappened/occurredoccur一、根据使用场合，选出适当的词并用其正确形式填空。一、根据使用场合，选出适当的词并用其正确形式填空。(inform,tell)1.If accepted for the job,y

43、oull be _ soon.（2015 北京）2.When my mother got home,I _ her about my discovery.二、根据所给汉语，用二、根据所给汉语，用inform完成句子。完成句子。1.The leaflet（传单）is to _（告知游客关于）the Parks thoughtful services.（2013 江苏）2.We regret to _（通知你你的申请被拒绝了）.informinform visitors of/aboutinform you that your application has been rejectedinformedtold谢谢观赏