Unit 1 Words and expressions -ppt课件 -（2022）新人教版(2019新版)高中英语选择性必修第一册.pptx

1、B4 U1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENTWords and expressions physiology n.生理学生理学;生理机能生理机能 physical adj.物质的；自然的；物理的；身体的；物质的；自然的；物理的；身体的；physics n.物理学；物理学；artemisinin n.(药药)青蒿素青蒿素crucial adj.至关重要的至关重要的;关键性的关键性的 be crucial to/for .对是至关重要的It is crucial that (should)do 做某事是至关重要的1)紧要关头/关键时刻the crucial moment 2)决定性的因素

2、 a crucial factor 3)Your determination and hard-working is crucial to your career success.4)It is crucial that we(should)ensure that students are aware of the harm of drugs.malaria n.疟疾疟疾1)Vocabulary is vital _ English learning.2)The Ministry of Magic considered that the education of young witches w

3、as _ vital importance.3)It is vital for a journalist _(keep)accurate records.4)In these tough times,it is vital that we _(work)together to meet the troubles.5)实验前检查设备是至关重要的。Checking equipment is of vital importance before the experimentIts vital to check equipment before the experiment.vital adj.必不可

4、少的必不可少的;极其重要的极其重要的;充满生机的充满生机的be vital to/for.对是极为重要的 be of vital importance .是至关重要It is vital(for sb.)to do sth.某人做某事是极为重要的It is vital that (should)do 做某事是极为重要的to keepto/forof(should)workcommit vt.承诺承诺,保证保证 vi.忠于忠于;全心全意投入全心全意投入 (committed-committed;committing)committed adj.尽心尽力的尽心尽力的;坚定的坚定的;坚信的坚信的co

5、mmitment n.承诺；交托；信奉承诺；交托；信奉make a commitment 做出承诺committee n.委员会委员会1)They were all _(commit)socialists who fought for the interests of people.2)Take a deeper look at the person behind the face before you make a _(commit).committed commitmentacademy n.(艺术、文学、科学等的艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院研究院;学会学会;专科院校专科院校kdmi ac

6、ademic adj.学业的学业的;学术的学术的kdemk1)学术研究academic research 2)学业成绩academic performance/achievement commit vt.承诺承诺,保证保证 vi.忠于忠于;全心全意投入全心全意投入commit oneself to doing sth.承诺/保证做.；致力于.committed adj.尽心尽力的尽心尽力的;坚定的坚定的;坚信的坚信的be committed to doing sth.承诺/保证做.;忠于.;致力于.commitment n.承诺；交托；信奉承诺；交托；信奉make a commitment 做

7、出承诺3)Liu Hulan committed herself to_ (fight)for the happiness of the people of the whole nation.4)The President is _(commit)to reforming health care.5)他一生致力于教育事业。He committed himself to the cause of education all his life.He was committed to the cause of education all his life.fighting committed obj

8、ective n.目标目标;目的目的&adj.客观的客观的with the objective of 目的是/为了object v.反对反对&n.物体；目的物体；目的；宾语宾语 subjective adj.主观的主观的;主语的主语的;主格的主格的1)The Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria.2)主要目标the main objective3)达到/实现你的目标 meet/achieve your objecti

9、ves4)客观的分析an objective analysisbotanical adj.植物学的植物学的 _:relating to plants 1)传统的植物疗法traditional botanical treatments 1)Users will make an evaluation of the site based on what they see.evaluate vt.评价评价;评估评估evaluate sb.on.根据.评价某人evaluation n.评价、评估；评价、评估；医学医学诊断诊断;make an evaluation of.对进行评估property n.C

10、性质性质/特征特征;U财产财产;C&U房地产房地产proper adj.合适的合适的;恰当的恰当的belongings n.财产，所有物财产，所有物1)药用/物理/化学性能medical/physical/chemical peoperties2)私有/公有财产 private/public property 1)用distinct及其正确形式填空The two flowers are quite _ from one another,so it is easy to make a _ between them.2)很明显，吸烟有害健康。It is distinct that smoking

11、is harmful to health.distinct adj.清晰的清晰的/清楚的清楚的;有区别有区别,不同的不同的A be distinct from B(in C)A与B(在C方面)不同 It is distinct that.很明显distinctly adv.清楚地，明显清楚地，明显distinction n.C差别差别/区别区别 U 区分区分/辨别辨别 U 优秀优秀/卓越卓越distinctive adj.有特色的有特色的distinctdistinctionextract ekstrkt n.提取物提取物;摘录摘录 kstrkt vt.提取提取;提炼提炼;摘录摘录;(用力用力

12、)拔出拔出sweet wormwood 青蒿青蒿boil vt./vi.(使使)沸腾沸腾;煮开煮开;烧开烧开 n.沸腾沸腾;沸点沸点boiled adj.煮沸的，煮熟的煮沸的，煮熟的boiling adj.沸腾的；激昂的沸腾的；激昂的你应该多喝些开水。You ought to drink more _(boil)water.boiled liquid n.液体液体&adj.液体的液体的solid n.固体固体&adj.固体的固体的；实心的实心的_:a kind of substance that flows freely,such as water or milkobtain vt.(尤指经努

13、力尤指经努力)获得获得;贏得贏得vi.(规章、习俗等规章、习俗等)存在存在;流行流行obtain sb.sth.给某人带来某物=obtain sth.for sb.1)获得知识/允许/支持/机会/学位obtain knowledge/permission/support/an opportunity/ones degree2)The longer this situation obtains,the more extensive the problems become.欢迎关注欢迎关注Jemmy直播间直播间You cant see my friendly face,but I know you

14、 can feel my passion.We cant chat face to face,but I know we are together heart to heart.There are many people standing out.They are doctors,nurses,workers or volunteers.They maybe the person you are familiar with or maybe they are just strangers.But they have their families and lives like us.Its no

15、t important any more.At the moment,they just have a common wish-to protect the city,protect Fujian and protect China.What can we do?prepare my lessons;correct your homework;be a good supervisor.study harder as usual;make every minute count;.Let me answer！active I know the answer but I am shy Keep it

16、 我不会英文，但我知道中文怎么说！type on the screenB4 U1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENTWords and expressionsdefeat n.C&U 失败失败;挫败挫败 vt.击败击败;战胜战胜1)Glorious defeat2)遭受失败suffer(a)defeat 3)承认失败/认输acknowledge/admit defeat defeat n.C&U 失败失败;挫败挫败 vt.击败击败;战胜战胜defeat/beat+某人或某个集体某人或某个集体 win/lose +game/match/race/election/prize 4)The

17、visiting team _(defeat)by our women football team last night，which made our fans excited and proud.5)_(defeat)again,the scientist didnt give up.6)_(defeat)the COVID-19,a deadly disease,was a real challenge to many scientists.7)他赢了我。He defeated/beat me.He won me.Defeated To defeat was defeated1)With

18、no solid evidence,he refused to acknowledge _(steal)the ladys purse.2)He is acknowledged _ one of the best players in the world.3)It _(acknowledge)that success never comes out of thin air.4)人们普遍认为，全球变暖的主要原因是人类活动。It is generally acknowledged that the main cause of global warming is human activityackn

19、owledge vt.承认承认(属实、权威等属实、权威等);(公开公开)感谢感谢acknowledge doing/having done 承认做了 acknowledge A as/to be B 承认A是BIts widely/generally/universally acknowledged that 是大家所公认的acknowledgement n.承认；感谢承认；感谢stealing/having stolenas/to beis acknowledgedanalyse-ze vt.分析；分析；分解；分解；细察；细察；nlazanalysis n.分析或分析报告分析或分析报告 (复

20、数复数analyses)nlss 1)用analyse的正确形式填空She spends a lot of time _her patients dreams.This _ is very helpful,explaining their daily behaviour very well.analysing analysisapparently adv.显而易见显而易见;看来看来;显然显然apparent adj.显而易见的；明白易懂的；显然的；表面上显而易见的；明白易懂的；显然的；表面上It is apparent that 显然.1)It is apparent that some ef

21、fective measures must be taken immediately to solve the pollution problem.“显然显然”的表达还有：的表达还有：It is clear/obvious/distinct/evident that.Clearly/Obviously/Distinctly/Evidently.1)有害物质 a harmful substance2)有机物an organic substancesubstance n.C物质物质,物品；物品；U事实根据事实根据insist vi./vt.坚持坚持;坚决要求坚决要求insist on doing

22、sth.坚持要求做某事insist+that从句时，有两种情况：a.表示“坚持主张/强烈要求”时，从句用虚拟语气虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形动词原形”，should可以省略。b.表示“坚持坚持说说/认为认为”时，从句用陈述语气陈述语气,从句谓语按实际需要按实际需要选择时态。1)He insisted on _(pay)for the meal in return for my assistance.2)She insisted that the boy had stolen her wallet and that he should be sent to the poli

23、ce station.3)妈妈坚持要我向他道歉。My mom insisted that I should apologize to him.4)虽然没人相信，他坚持认为他没做错任何事。Though nobody believed,he insisted that he had done nothing wrong.payingscientific adj.科学科学(上上)的的;细致严谨的细致严谨的;科学的科学的science n.科学科学scientist n.科学家科学家 1)用science及其正确形式填空Einstein is a _who has made outstanding _

24、 contributions in the field of _.2)科学研究scientific research3)科学方法a scientific method/approach scientist scientific sciencemostly adv.主要地；一般地主要地；一般地=most adj.大多数大多数mainly 1)These products can stand wear and tear.2)The furniture suffers a lot of wear and tear when the children are at home.wear and tear

25、 (正常使用造成的正常使用造成的)磨损磨损;损耗损耗wear-wore-worn v.穿，戴穿，戴;蓄留蓄留;流露（表情）流露（表情）;磨损磨损tear-tore-torn v.撕撕/扯扯/划开划开;撕撕/拔拔/扯掉扯掉;疾驰疾驰;受受伤害伤害conclusion n.U结论结论;推论推论come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论in conclusion 总而言之conclude vt.推断出推断出,得出结论得出结论 vi.结束结束,终止终止1)用conclude及其正确形式填空A:Did you come to any _?B:Yes,we _ that by

26、 drawing out the extract at a low temperature,we could find the substance that we needed to complete the experiment.In _,we are going to achieve the final success.conclusionsconcludedconclusionconclusion n.结论结论;推论推论conclude vt.推断出推断出,得出结论得出结论 vi.结束结束,终止终止conclude from.从中推断出conclude sth.with sth.以结束=

27、conclude sth.by doing sth.to conclude 最后2)用conclude及其相关短语填空A:I have talked so much.To _,the teacher concluded his class _a funny story.So concluding _ what I said,do you think what kind of person he is?B:He must be humorous.3)He conclude the meeting by _(wish)everyone a safe trip home.concludewith f

28、romwishingpenicillin n.青霉素青霉素;盘尼西林盘尼西林BOOK4 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENTWords and expressions IIflee vt/vi 迅速离开，逃跑迅速离开，逃跑fled-fled-fleeing1.He was forced to flee the country.2.He fled to London after an argument with his family.3.He should not flee _ responsibility.1.flee to逃到逃到2.flee from 从从逃跑逃跑 显然

29、，所有的动物都逃离了火场。（it作形式主语）_It was apparent that all the animals fled from the fire.fromcircumstance n.条件；环境；状况条件；环境；状况常用常用复数复数1.It is amazing that they did so well _ the circumstances.2.Under/In no circumstances _ I expect that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job.1.under/in the

30、circumstances 在这种情况下在这种情况下2.under/In no circumstances 决不，无论如何不决不，无论如何不 （置于（置于句首句首，用，用部分部分倒装）倒装）无论如何我们都不应该放弃我们的梦想。_Under/In no circumstances should we give up our dreams.under/indidnoveln.（长篇)小说；adj.新奇的1.The novel is set in the Roman period.2.He hit on a novel idea to solve his financial problems.nov

31、elist n.小说家1.历史小说_2.言情小说_historical novelsromantic/romance novelsflow n./v.流动1.blood flow_2.information flow_3.traffic flow _4.a flow chart _血流量信息流交通流量流程图found vt.创建founded-founded;founding1.The town _(found)by English settlers in 1790.2.His theory is founded _ facts.1.A be founded on B A（被）建立在（被）建立

32、在B基础上基础上1.The Trinity College Library is in Ireland,which _(found)at the end of the 16th century by Queen Elizabeth.2.创办于1636年的哈佛大学是美国最古老的大学。（过去分词作定语）_Harvard University,founded in 1636,is the oldest university in the United States.find-found-found（发现）foundation n.基础/地基founder n.创办者was foundedwas fo

33、undedoninfer 推断inferred-inferred-inferring inferencen.推论politician 政客political adj.政治的politically adv.政治上politics n.政治，政治学复数：复数：geniusesprofessorn.教授theoryn.理论relativityn.相对论geniusn.天才profession n.职业职业professional adj.职业的职业的 n.专业人士专业人士relative adj.相对的相对的n.亲戚亲戚relatively adv.相对地相对地formulan.公式gentlead

34、j.温柔的gentlyadv.温柔地gentleman n.绅士patentn.C专利专利申请_patent application/apply for a patentpassion n.酷爱；激情酷爱；激情be full of passion 充满激情with passion 富有激情/有激情地 have a passion for.对.酷爱/热爱1)Springs represents hope;summer is full of passion;autumn brings the happiness of harvest;winter prepares for a New Year.2

35、)Having a strong passion _ knowledge,he continued to study,earning a doctorate in physics evenrually.3)She has no arms but she still has a mind _ passion and determination.4)他正在演讲，饱含激情，还向我挥了挥手。(非谓语)He is delivering a speech with/full of passion,waving at me.forwithmastern.硕士masters degree 硕士学位doctor

36、 n.博士doctoraten.博士学位 (doctors degree)bachelorn.学士bachelors degree 学士学位undergraduaten.本科生postgraduaten.研究生doctoral student n.博士生the photoelectric effect come to power 当权，掌权1.Th president came to power several years ago,and until now he has been in power for 4 years.2.It is within your power to do so.

37、3.He said he was very sorry because is was _ his power to make the final decision.1.be in power当权（表状态）2.within ones power 在某人能力范围内3.beyond ones power在某人能力范围之外/某人力所不能及1.After he _（当权），the country was becoming richer.2.在这么短的时间内掌握这么多词汇超过我的能力。(it作形式主语)_came to powerpowerful adj.强大的It is beyond/out of my

38、 power to master so much vocabulary in such a short time.表动作out of ones powerbeyondinstitute n.机构institution n.机构;制度/习俗consequence n.结果；后果结果；后果consequent adj.随之发生的1.It rained that day.As a consequence,the football game was called off.2.As a consequence of the heavy rain,the football game was called

39、off.1.as a consequence/result 结果/因此2.as a consequence/result of 由于1.Jack 努力学习，因此，他最终被斯坦佛大学录取了。_1)Jack has worked hard.As a consequence,he was admitted to Stanford University finally.2)As a consequence of Jacks hard work,he was admitted to Stanford University finally.consequently adv.因此take up拿起；开始从事

40、；占据（时间/空间）1.He takes up a pen and writes down his name.2.When she graduated,she took up writing.3.Smart phones not only take up our valuable time,but also do great harm to our health.1.take off2.take in3.take on4.take over1.After studying in a medical college for five years,Jane took up her job as a

41、 doctor in the countryside.2.Although basketball took up most of my free time,I didnt neglect my study.开始从事脱掉；起飞；突然成功/腾飞吸收；理解；欺骗；收留呈现（新面貌等）；承担接管占据moustache n.上唇的胡子peculiarity n.个性/特点;怪癖peculiar adj.特殊的；奇特的peculiarly adv.特别；尤其encounter vt.偶然碰倒，遇到偶然碰倒，遇到&n.邂逅，遭遇邂逅，遭遇=come across/meet withencounter sb.

42、/sth.=have an encounter with sb./sth.遇见/相遇1)这位小说家与我有段美丽的邂逅。The novelist had a beautiful encounter with me.mourn v.哀悼；忧伤mournful adj.悲伤的；悲哀的；device n.C装置/设备;方法/技巧电子设备_医疗设备_修辞手法_ electronic devicesmedical devicesrhetorical devicessum up总结；概括summed-summed-summing1.To sum up,for a healthy heart you must

43、 take regular exercise and stop smoking.2.I had to spend a large sum of money to get it back.1.to sum up/in sum2.a large sum of 1.现在用几句话概括一下你的观点。_2.总之，我想说这次会议非常成功。_Now sum up your views/opinions in a few words.总之一大笔in a word/in short/in conclusionTo sum up/In sum,Id like to say the conference is a g

44、reat success.draft v.起草；n.草稿=draw up初/最终稿_起草文件_first/final draftdraft a document graduallyadv.逐渐地gradualadj.逐渐的extraordinaryadj.非凡的extraordinarilyadv.非凡地remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的remarkably adv.非凡地；显著地numerous adj.许多的numerously adv.无数地remark n.&v.谈论;评论B4 U1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENTSentence Structures1.这种药在

45、患者身上进行了测试，大部分患者都康复了。The medicine was tested on patients,most of whom recovered.The medicine was tested on patients,and most of them recovered.2.当听到她自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,屠呦呦说,“荣誉不仅仅属于我自己。”Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,“The honour is not just mine.Upon/on+doing/n.p.作时间状语作时间状语,+

46、主句主句 “一一就就”1)一回家，我就开始写作业。Upon coming back home，I begin doing my homework.2)一听到这个消息，我就冲到现场去。Upon hearing the news,I rushed to the spot.Upon/on+doing/n.p.作时间状语作时间状语,+主句主句 “一一就就”“一一就就”的的其他用法：As soon as+从句,+主句The moment/minute/instant+从句,+主句Directly/Immediately/Instantly+从句,+主句1)As soon as I reach Canad

47、a,I will ring you up.2)The moment she got home,She would help her parents do the housework.3)Immediately I have finished my breakfast,I will go there.3.在那里工作时，由于对知识的强烈热情，他继续学习，并于1905年获得物理学博士学位。While working there,out of a strong passion for knowledge,he continued to study,earning a doctorate in phys

48、ics in 1905.4.他留着浓密的小胡子和长长的白发,头发有时竖起来,好像刚受了电击似的。He had a thick moustache and long white hair,which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.as though/if引导方式状语，表“好像”as if/though+从句，从句的时态有两种情况：1.陈述陈述语气。从句的情况是真实的真实的或极可能发生极可能发生的。He talks as though he is drunk.2.虚拟虚拟语气。从句的情

49、况与事实相反与事实相反。1)与现在现在事实相反-从句用一般过去时一般过去时 2)与过去过去事实相反-从句用过去完成时过去完成时 3)与将来将来事实相反-从句用would/could/might/shold+do The chopsticks are in the water as though they were broken.She smiles happily as though nothing had happened before.It is almost dark as though it might rain heavily.1.From the passage,it can _(

50、infer)that the author has a positive attitude to the matter.2.Their marriage _(found)on love and mutual respect.3.In no circumstances _we seek temporary economic development at the expense of the environment and natural resources.4.A man was shot twice as he _(flee)from the prison.5.因此，面对失败，我们要有良好的心