英语语法专项复习-代词课件.ppt

1、第1页，共28页。英语代词分为以下九类英语代词分为以下九类:人称代词人称代词,物主代词物主代词,反身代词反身代词,指示代词指示代词,不定代词不定代词,疑问代词疑问代词,连接代词连接代词,相互代词，相互代词，关系代词关系代词.第2页，共28页。人称代词人称代词一.人称代词的形式:人称代词有人称,数和格的变化我我我我们们你你/你你们们他他她她它它他们他们/她她们们/它们它们主格主格I Iweweyouyouheheshesheit ittheythey宾格宾格memeususyouyouhimhim herherit itthemthem HeHe often helps me with my E

2、nglish.often helps me with my English.Father bought a new bike forFather bought a new bike for himhim.第3页，共28页。注意事项：注意事项：1.1.在强调句中在强调句中,若被强调的部分是代词若被强调的部分是代词,则其则其格不变格不变,如如:a.It was a.It was I I who first opened the door this who first opened the door this morning.morning.b.It was b.It was meme who th

3、ey talked about.who they talked about.2.2.人称代词单独使用或是在人称代词单独使用或是在notnot之后之后,常用常用宾格宾格 a.“I like English.”“a.“I like English.”“MeMe too.”too.”b.“Would you like more wine?”b.“Would you like more wine?”“Not“Not meme.”.”第4页，共28页。3.3.在同位语中在同位语中,人称代词的格视与之同位的词人称代词的格视与之同位的词在句中的成分而定在句中的成分而定,如如:a.We,Tom and a.W

4、e,Tom and I I,showed her many showed her many wonderful pictures.wonderful pictures.b.She showed us,Tom and b.She showed us,Tom and meme,many,many wonderful pictures.wonderful pictures.第5页，共28页。4.4.在比较级的句子中在比较级的句子中thanthan、asas后用主格、宾格后用主格、宾格都可以。如：都可以。如：He is taller than He is taller than me(I).me(I)

5、.但在下列句中有区别但在下列句中有区别:I like Jack as much as her.I like Jack as much as her.=I like both Jack and her.=I like both Jack and her.I like Jack as much as she.I like Jack as much as she.=I like Jack and she likes him,too.=I like Jack and she likes him,too.第6页，共28页。5.5.两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：

6、原则：在并列主语中，在并列主语中，“I”,“me”“I”,“me”总是放在最总是放在最后，排列顺序为后，排列顺序为：二二 三三 一一（人称），如：（人称），如：You,she and IYou,she and I will be in charge of the case.will be in charge of the case.Mr.Zhang askedMr.Zhang asked Li Hua and meLi Hua and me to help him.to help him.第7页，共28页。5.5.两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：原则：

7、在并列主语中，在并列主语中，“I”,“me”“I”,“me”总是放在总是放在最后，排列顺序为最后，排列顺序为：二二 三三 一一（人称），如：（人称），如：You,she and IYou,she and I will be in charge of the case.will be in charge of the case.Mr.Zhang askedMr.Zhang asked Li Hua and meLi Hua and me to help him.to help him.第三人称，男女两性并用，男先女后。第三人称，男女两性并用，男先女后。He and she still dont

8、agree to the plan.第8页，共28页。物主代词物主代词表示所有关系的代词称为物主代词表示所有关系的代词称为物主代词物主代词的形式物主代词的形式:物主代词有形容词性物主代物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种词和名词性物主代词两种我的我的我们的我们的你的你的/你们你们的的他他的的她她的的它它的的他们的他们的/她们的她们的/它们的它们的形容词形容词性物主性物主代词代词mymyourouryouryourhishisherheritsitstheirtheir名词性名词性物主代物主代词词minemineoursoursyoursyours hishishershers-the

9、irstheirs第9页，共28页。物主代词的用法物主代词的用法:1.1.形容词性物主代词相当于一个形容词形容词性物主代词相当于一个形容词,作定语作定语,如如:our work,her students,their house:our work,her students,their house2.2.名词性物主代词相当于一个名词名词性物主代词相当于一个名词,作主语作主语,表语表语,宾语宾语 a.His brother is a driver;a.His brother is a driver;minemine is a is a worker.worker.b.These books are

10、b.These books are minemine.c.You can use my bike and I may use c.You can use my bike and I may use hers hers.第10页，共28页。3.“of+3.“of+名词性物主代词名词性物主代词”可构成双重所有格可构成双重所有格,a.Wang Ling is a friend of mine.a.Wang Ling is a friend of mine.b.This baby of hers is so lovely.b.This baby of hers is so lovely.4.ones

11、own=.of ones own4.ones own=.of ones own句式的转换。句式的转换。This is my own room.This is my own room.=This is the room of my own.=This is the room of my own.5.5.某些固定结构中常用定冠词代替物主代词。某些固定结构中常用定冠词代替物主代词。take sb.by the armtake sb.by the armbe wounded in the leg.be wounded in the leg.hit sb.in the facehit sb.in the

12、 facepat sb.on the shoulder/on the headpat sb.on the shoulder/on the head第11页，共28页。反身代词反身代词一一.反身代词的形式反身代词的形式:myself,ourselves,yourself,:myself,ourselves,yourself,yourselves,himself,herself,itself,themselvesyourselves,himself,herself,itself,themselves二二.反身代词的用法反身代词的用法:1.1.作宾语作宾语:a.He taught himself E

13、nglish.a.He taught himself English.b.He is old enough to look after himself.b.He is old enough to look after himself.第12页，共28页。2.2.在句中作名词或代词的同位语在句中作名词或代词的同位语,以加强名词以加强名词或代词的语气或代词的语气,一般表示一般表示“亲自亲自”“”“本人本人”a.I a.I myselfmyself did the work.did the work.b.You had better ask Tom b.You had better ask Tom

14、himselfhimself.3.3.做表语做表语I am not myself today.I am not myself today.4.4.反身代词和某些动词连用，构成固定短语。反身代词和某些动词连用，构成固定短语。enjoy oneself,feel oneself,make oneself at home,enjoy oneself,feel oneself,make oneself at home,make oneself understood,help oneself to sth.make oneself understood,help oneself to sth.第13页，

15、共28页。5.5.反身代词还可用于某些习语中反身代词还可用于某些习语中。a.a.for oneself for oneself 为自己为自己 One should not live only for oneself.One should not live only for oneself.b.of oneself b.of oneself 自然地，自动地自然地，自动地 The door opened of itself.The door opened of itself.c.c.by oneself by oneself 独自地，靠自己地独自地，靠自己地 His father lives by

16、 himself in the village His father lives by himself in the village d.d.in oneself in oneself 就其本身或本性而言就其本身或本性而言 This wood is hard in itself.This wood is hard in itself.e.e.to oneself to oneself 独自占有或享用独自占有或享用 When he has dinner in a restaurant,he likes a When he has dinner in a restaurant,he likes a

17、 table to himselftable to himself第14页，共28页。相互代词相互代词相互代词（相互代词（each other,one anothereach other,one another）相互代词无人称、数和格的区别，在句中作宾语。相互代词无人称、数和格的区别，在句中作宾语。其所有格分别为其所有格分别为each others each others、one anothers,one anothers,作作定语。定语。一般来说，一般来说，each othereach other指两者之间，指两者之间，one anotherone another指三者指三者或三者以上之间，

18、但在现代英语中已无明显区别。或三者以上之间，但在现代英语中已无明显区别。第15页，共28页。指示代词指示代词一一.指示代词的形式指示代词的形式:this,that,these,those,it,such,this,that,these,those,it,such,samesame二二.指示代词的用法指示代词的用法:1.this/these 1.this/these常指时间常指时间,空间或心理上较近的人或物空间或心理上较近的人或物,that/thosethat/those常指时间常指时间,空间或心理上较远的人或物空间或心理上较远的人或物.2.this/these 2.this/these常指后面

19、要提到的事物常指后面要提到的事物,有启下的作用有启下的作用;而而that/thosethat/those常指前面讲到过的事物常指前面讲到过的事物,有承上的作用有承上的作用.The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing.The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox.第16页，共28页。不定代词不定代词一一.不定代词的形式不定代词的形式:some,any,no,none,many,:some,any,no,none,many,much,few,little,each,every,

20、one,all,both,much,few,little,each,every,one,all,both,either,neither,other,anothereither,neither,other,another及及some,any,no,some,any,no,everyevery构成的复合不定代词构成的复合不定代词.第17页，共28页。一、一、both,all,either,any,neither,none的用法比较的用法比较都任何都不两者三者或三者以上botheitherneitherallanynone-When shall we meet again?-Make it _ da

21、y you like;its all the same to me.(2)-Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?-Im afraid _ day is possible.anyneither第18页，共28页。二、二、none,no one(nobody),nothing的用法比较的用法比较(1)-How many of you have been to the Great Wall?-_.(2)-Who knows the answer to this question?-_.(3)-What are you doing now?-_.(4)Cities ha

22、ve theaters,museums and big sporting events,but small towns have _.NoneNo oneNothingnone第19页，共28页。二、二、none,no one(nobody),nothing的用法比较的用法比较noneno one nothing指代指代回答回答单复数单复数跟跟of结构结构人人/物物人人物物how many/how muchwhowhatC 单单/复复U 单单 单单单单第20页，共28页。三、三、every,each的用法比较的用法比较意义意义作用作用与与of搭配搭配eachevery强调个体强调个体强调整体强

23、调整体主主/宾宾/定定/同位语同位语定语定语1.They both came on time,but each left ahead of time.2.Tokyo and London are two large cities.I really love each.3.We send each other an e-meal each week.4.We each hope to have free weekends.5.Every student needs to be careful with their studies.We each _ a company car.(have)hav

24、eeach作同位语时，不影响谓语动词的单复数。作同位语时，不影响谓语动词的单复数。Everyone every one of 第21页，共28页。四、四、another,other,the other,others,the others another other the other others the others用于泛指三者以上中的用于泛指三者以上中的“另一个另一个”作前置定语作前置定语,修饰单数或复数名词修饰单数或复数名词两者中的两者中的“另一个另一个”,是特指是特指泛指泛指“其他人其他人”或或“其他物其他物”指整体中除去一部分后指整体中除去一部分后,剩余的全部剩余的全部=other+

25、名复名复特定范围特定范围第22页，共28页。四、四、another,other,the other,others,the othersone the other”the other+复数可数名词复数可数名词:表示表示“其余所有的其余所有的”=the others other+复数名词复数名词:泛指泛指“其他的人或物（并非其余所有的）其他的人或物（并非其余所有的）”=othersone another(a second)a thirdthe other意为意为“一个一个一个一个一个一个一个一个”用于三者或三者以上的排列。用于三者或三者以上的排列。some others others，意，意为为“

26、一些一些一些一些一些一些”。第23页，共28页。1.Some are singing and dancing,some are drawing,_ are climbing.2.I dont want this one.Please give me _.3.She has two children.One is a boy,_ is a girl.4.There are 55 students in our class.Thirty of us are girls._ are boys.5.We study Chinese,maths,English and _ lessons.othersa

27、notherthe otherThe othersotherHave a try:第24页，共28页。itone ones表同类同物表单数表同类同物表单数Yesterday,I bought a football,but now I cant find it.表同类但不同物表同类但不同物,表单数，可用形容词修饰，泛指表单数，可用形容词修饰，泛指There are many TV sets in the store;Would you like to take one?表同类但不同物表同类但不同物,表复数，可用形容词修饰，泛指表复数，可用形容词修饰，泛指I dont like green app

28、les;I like red ones.五、五、it,one,ones,the one,the ones,that,those第25页，共28页。the one that表同类但不同物表同类但不同物,表特指，表单数表特指，表单数表同类但不同物表同类但不同物,指代单数或不可数指代单数或不可数The bridge made of stone is much stronger than the one made of wood.The boy told me his story and that of his sisters.The population of China is larger tha

29、n that of any other country in Asia.the ones/thoseThe books on the desk are better than the ones/those under the desk表同类不同物，表特指，表复数表同类不同物，表特指，表复数第26页，共28页。I lost my pen yesterdayI can find _ anywhere.So I have to buy a new _ The cotton sweaters are here and the woolen _are hanging thereitoneonesHave

30、 a try:Few pleasures can equal_ of a cool drink on a hot day.Usually a bridge made of wood is cheaper than_made of iron and steal.There is no more than one left.Would you like to buy_?thatoneit第27页，共28页。(1)-We only have 15 minutes to get to work.What shall we do?-Oh,dear.There is not any taxi around when you want _.A.this B.it C.that D.one(2)-There is no more than one copy of the book in the library.Will you go and borrow _?-No,Id rather buy _ in the bookstore.A.it;one B.one;one C.one;it D.it;itHave a try:第28页，共28页。