语法主谓一致课件.ppt

1、主谓一致主谓一致桂林市柘木初级中学 邹菊英 第1页，共20页。什么叫做主谓一致？谓语动词的人称和数随着主语的人称和数的变化谓语动词的人称和数随着主语的人称和数的变化而变化。也就是说，如果主语是单数形式，谓语动而变化。也就是说，如果主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；如果主语是复数形式，谓语动词也词用单数形式；如果主语是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式用复数形式。例：例：I have been to Guangzhou twice.She has travelled all over the world.This is a book.These are books.She goes to scho

2、ol by bike every day.We go to school by bike every day.第2页，共20页。Correct the sentences.It often rain in spring in the south of China.Every child in our country have the right to get education.My sister with her classmates are having a meeting in the classroom.Fifty dollars are enough for me.There are

3、 a book and many pens on the desk.rainshasisisis第3页，共20页。做主谓一致题的三原则做主谓一致题的三原则：一、语法一致原则一、语法一致原则 二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则 三、就近原则三、就近原则第4页，共20页。语法一致原则语法一致原则：句子的主语是单数形式，谓语要用单数形式；句子的主语是单数形式，谓语要用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。主语是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。例例:His flight leaves early on Monday morning.A few students from his school ar

4、e going,too.注意：注意：1.由由and或或both.and 连接两个并列主语时，谓语连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。动词一般用复数形式。Fish and meat are healthy food.2.不定代词不定代词each,either,neither,和由和由some,any,no,every 构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Each of us has got a new book.Someone has closed all the windows in the classroom.第5页，共20页。3、当主语后

5、面有、当主语后面有as well as,like,but,except,with,together with 等引导的词语时，谓语动词的单复数等引导的词语时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常与这些词语前面的主语保持一致。形式通常与这些词语前面的主语保持一致。例：例：She with her family is going to visit the farm tomorrow.但是但是none of 作主语时，如果其后的名词是不可数作主语时，如果其后的名词是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式，如果是可数名词，名词，谓语动词用单数形式，如果是可数名词，谓语动词可以用单数形式，也可以用复数形式。谓语动词可以用单

6、数形式，也可以用复数形式。例例:None of the water was left.None of the students has/have ever been to Guangzhou.第6页，共20页。Fill in the blanks with the right forms.1.Australia _(be)a rich country.2.Every girl in this class _(do)morning exercises every day.3.Both Daming and Lingling _(like)apples.4.Something _(be)wrong

7、 with your watch.5.He as well as I _(be)a football fan.6.Nobody but Tom and Kate _(be)there yesterday.7.None of the children _ (have)been to the Museum.8.The teacher with his students _(have)a meeting now.9.He said:“All _ present and all _ going on well.”isiswas is havinglikehave/hasdoesisareis第7页，共

8、20页。意义一致原则：意义一致原则：谓语动词该用单数还是复数取决于主语谓语动词该用单数还是复数取决于主语所表达的内容在含义上是单数意义还是复数意所表达的内容在含义上是单数意义还是复数意义。义。The United States is in North America.Eight hours is really a very long time.News is travelling fast nowadays.注意：注意：1.集体名词一般按单数看待，但如果强调其成员可以视为复数。例：例：His family is coming to meet him at the His family is c

9、oming to meet him at the airport.airport.The whole family are having dinner now.The whole family are having dinner now.第8页，共20页。常见的同种用法的集体名词有family,group,class,population 等。但是police,people,cattle 作主语时，谓语动词却都要用复数形式。3.在“some/the rest of+名词”的结构中，要视名词所指而定。作主语的如果是some/the rest of 接名词，一般要看其后名词是可数还是不可数，是单数

10、还是复数。如果是复数形式，那么谓语动词也要用复数形式;如果是单数，那么谓语动词也要用单数形式。例：Some of the summer camps are in the countryside.The rest of the money was given to him.第9页，共20页。Fill in the blanks.1.The USA _(be)a developed country.2Mr.Smith _(hate)to get up early in the morning.3.Some of the food _(be)given by him just now.4.This

11、house _(be)built in 2000.5.Physics _(be)my favourite subject.6.His friends books are new,but his _(be)old.7.The rest of the students _(be)from England.8.His family _(be)not large.9.The class _(have)a meeting now.10.The police _(look)for a thief.ishateswaswasisareareis are having are looking第10页，共20页

12、。Find the wrong words and correct them:1.There are some water and an apple on the desk._2.Either her mother or her father call her every day._3.Are neither she nor you a student?_4.Not only you but also he are in trouble._5.There are going to be a class meeting tomorrow._is_calls_Is_is_is第11页，共20页。就

13、近原则：就近原则：谓语动词该用单数还是用复数形式，取决谓语动词该用单数还是用复数形式，取决于最邻近它的名词、代词或其它词的数。另外，于最邻近它的名词、代词或其它词的数。另外，neither.nor,eitheror,not only.neither.nor,eitheror,not only.but also but also 等连接两个名词或代词做主语时，等连接两个名词或代词做主语时，或由或由there,herethere,here引导的句子，并且主语不止一引导的句子，并且主语不止一个时，谓语动词通常与邻近它的主语保持数上个时，谓语动词通常与邻近它的主语保持数上的一致。的一致。第12页，共2

14、0页。主谓一致高频考点主谓一致高频考点：1.当主语后面有当主语后面有as well as,like,but,except with,together with 等等引导的词语时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常与这些词语前面的主引导的词语时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常与这些词语前面的主语保持一致。语保持一致。2.There be 结构，结构，not only but also,neither nor的主谓一致的主谓一致3 3、表示时间、重量、价格等的词或词组当句子的主语时，尽管、表示时间、重量、价格等的词或词组当句子的主语时，尽管它们是复数形式，谓语都用单数形式。它们是复数形式，谓语都用单数形式。4.a

15、 number of+4.a number of+复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式；复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式；the the number of+number of+复数名词，谓语动词用单数形式复数名词，谓语动词用单数形式 第13页，共20页。近几年全国各地中考英语单项选择题分类汇总主谓一致近几年全国各地中考英语单项选择题分类汇总主谓一致【2011南通】南通】1.Linda,with her parents,_ the Wolf Hill,and they will be back this afternoon.A.has gone to B.have gone to C.has been t

16、o D.have been to【2011四川资阳】四川资阳】2.Each of the girls here _ to the West Lake twice.A.have gone B.have been C.has gone D.has been【2011乌鲁木齐】乌鲁木齐】3.There going to be a basketball match this afternoon.A.are B.is C.have D.will【2011深圳】深圳】4.He,together with his parents _ going to visit Shanghai in July.How a

17、bout you?Im afraid I have to stay at home _.A.are;on my own B.is,by myself C.is;by my own D.are;on myself【2011湖南岳阳】湖南岳阳】5.There a football match on CCTV-5 at nine tomorrow evening.A.will have B.is going to be C.is having【2011广东河源】广东河源】6.The number of teachers in our school _ greatly increased last t

18、erm.A number of teachers in this school _from the countryside.A.was;is B.was;are C.were;are D.were;is【2011齐齐哈尔】齐齐哈尔】7.This is my twin sister,Lucy.Not only she but also I good at drawing.A.is B.am C.are 第14页，共20页。近几年全国各地中考英语单项选择题分类汇总主谓一致近几年全国各地中考英语单项选择题分类汇总主谓一致【2011四川】四川】8.How much is the pair of sho

19、es?Twenty dollars _ enough.A.is B.are C.am 【2011浙江】浙江】9.One of my friends _moved to America.I miss her so much.A.has B.have C.is D.are【2011黄冈】黄冈】10.Which would you like,tea or coffee?Either _ OK,but I prefer coffee _milk.A.is;with B.is;to C.are;with D.are;to【2011贵州】贵州】11.Neither my father nor my mot

20、her _ rock music.They think that its too _.A.like;noise B.likes;noise C.like;noisy D.likes;noisy【2011 湖南衡阳】湖南衡阳】12.Do you like your new Tshirt?Yes.Not only I but also my mother _ it.A.likes B.like C.doesnt like【2011山东】山东】13.-What can you see in the picture?-I can see a farm.And there _ a lot animals

21、 on it.A.is B.are C.will be D.be【2011湖北黄石】湖北黄石】14.The head teacher with his students _Tianchengshan Park if it _tomorrow.A.is going to;isnt rainy B.are going to;isnt rainy C.is going to;wont rain D.are going to;doesnt rain第15页，共20页。注意：注意：1、动词不定式、动名词、从句或不可数名词做主语时，、动词不定式、动名词、从句或不可数名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。谓语动

22、词用单数形式。2、and 连接两个单词做主语时，要看表示的意义来决连接两个单词做主语时，要看表示的意义来决定谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式。定谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式。3、many a意为许多，但因后面的是单数名词谓语动词意为许多，但因后面的是单数名词谓语动词用单数形式，这类的词大多数情况都用单数形式。用单数形式，这类的词大多数情况都用单数形式。“分数或百分数分数或百分数+of+名词（或代词）名词（或代词）”构成的短语构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要与作主语时，其谓语动词的数要与of 后面的名词保持后面的名词保持一致。一致。5.“the+形容词形容词”表示某一类人时，谓语动词用复

23、数形表示某一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式式6.当定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语当定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的形式是根据先行词而定的。动词的形式是根据先行词而定的。第16页，共20页。Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words.1.Watching TV too much _(be)bad for your eyes.2.The writer and the teacher _(be)coming.3.The writer and teacher_(be)coming.4.Many a st

24、udent _(have)made the same mistake.isarehasis第17页，共20页。.The old _(be)taken good care of in this country.Two thirds of the water_(be)from the Yellow River7.Every day we have activities which _(take)place after class.areistake第18页，共20页。书面表达 Mr Li 已经70岁了，但是他的身体还是很健康。他是如何保持健康的呢？请根据提示语写一篇80词左右的小短文，介绍Mr Li 的健康之道。短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。提示语：sleep,nine hours,exercise,vegetable,fruit,milk Mr Li is 70 years old.He is still very healthy.第19页，共20页。GOOD BYE EVERYONE HAVE A GOOD TIME GOOD BYE EVERYONE HAVE A GOOD TIME第20页，共20页。