Unit 11 Writing workshop- Reading Club 2 单词课件-（2022）新北师大版《高中英语》选择性必修第四册.pptx

1、维维词词课课堂堂A word is a microcosm of human consciousness.Vygotsky版本：版本：新北师新北师单元：选择性必修单元：选择性必修四四 Unit 11(WRITING WORKSHOP READING CLUB 2)本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.ban近义词：prohibit反义词：allow/permit词块：ban sb from(doing)sth2.cigarettecigar(雪茄)+-ette(表 示“小的”名词后缀)3.alcohol词块：drink/consume alcohol；派生词：alcoholic4.friedfry(

2、v 油炸)+-ed(形容词后缀)词块：fried food5.harm精准的汉语释义：伤害；损害名词动词化：伤害；损害词块：do/cause harm to,do/cause harm 派生词：harmful,harmless6.desirable desire(v 渴望)+-able(可的)7.obesityobese(adj 肥胖的)+-ity(名词后缀)8.tax名词动词化：对征税词块：charge/pay tax(es),personal income tax9.false反义词：true词块：false teeth/hair,a false argument 10.investin-

3、(into)+vest(衣服)本义是“穿上正式的制服”。人们将手中的钱换成股票时，就像给财富换上了一件可以带来滚滚财源的衣服，所以后来用 invest 来比喻这种购买股票的投资行为，invest 也就产生了“投资”的意思。有趣的是，股票交易所中的交易员都身穿马甲(vest)，vest 和 invest 是同源词。隐喻：投（资）投入（时间、精力等）词块：invest(sth)in sth；派生词：investment11.concludecon-(together)+clud(to shut)+-e(动词后缀)共同关闭(事情)结束、终止；同根词：include词块：conclude from,c

4、onclude sth with/by doing sth,to conclude派生词：conclusion12.beneficial bene-(good)+fic(to do)+-ial(形容词后缀)做好事的 有益的词块：be beneficial to/for13.permanent per-(through)+man(to stay)+-ent(形容词后缀)从头到尾停留的 永久的反义词：temporary/impermanent词块：permanent harm/damage/job派生词：permanence,permanently14.recovery recover(v 恢复)

5、+-y(名词后缀)词块：make a recovery from,economic recovery15.loose一词多义：基本义“松的”形容词动词化：松开；释放词块：let loose词族：loose,loosely,loosen16.carpetcarp(撕碎)+-et(表示“小的”名词后缀)词源：carpet 原义是“用拆散、撕开的碎布料制成的粗布”，原本用作桌布或床罩。15世纪时，人们发现把这种粗布铺在冰冷的地板上有御寒效果，人可以跪或坐在上面。此后，将 carpet 铺在地板上成为了一种时尚。因而产生了“地毯”的含义。17.ankle词块：twist/break ones ankl

6、e18.greed来自 greedy词族：greedy,greed,greedily19.fry词块：French fries,small fry派生词：fried20.request名词动词化：要求动词是正式用语，对应 ask for词块：request sb to do sth,request that sb(should)do sth,make a request for,at ones request/at the request of sb 重重难难点点词词精精讲讲conclude搭配义搭配义harm精准的精准的汉语释义汉语释义loose一词多义一词多义ban搭配义搭配义reques

7、t英语释义英语释义搭配义搭配义ban词源故事词源故事在欧洲的封建时期，封建领主在自己的领地上拥有许多特权，其中之一便是领主可以发布公告，强制要求领地内所有居民做某事或禁止禁止做某事，如要求居民给领主服兵役、禁止禁止在领主的土地上狩猎、捕鱼等。领主所发布的这种公告就是ban。后来，ban 的词义逐渐缩小为缩小为“禁止做某事禁止做某事”。(banned,banning)vt 禁止；取缔禁止；取缔(prohibit)：课文改 In my opinion,we should ban advertisements for any unhealthy products such as alcohol an

8、d fried food.ban sb from(doing)sth:She was banned from the game for two years after failing a drug test.n C常用单数禁止；禁令：常用单数禁止；禁令：They are now protected by an international ban on whaling.ban反义词：反义词：allow/permitharm n U 伤害；损害；危害：课文改 There is a minimum of harm to the patients brain.He may not be able to

9、 help but theres no harm in asking him.cause harm to /cause.harm 对造成损害do harm to/do harm 伤害 /对有害：Too much drinking will do great harm to you./Too much drinking will do you great harm.vt 伤害；损害：课文 Undoubtedly,unhealthy products harm our health.词汇拓展 harmless adj 无害的 反 harmful harmful R3 adj 有害的 反 harml

10、ess：the harmful effects of tobacco Air pollution will get worse and this will be harmful to people.必修二 Unit 5 根据所给提示，在空白处填入适当的单词。根据所给提示，在空白处填入适当的单词。By July the research team had _（结束）the main part of its work.finished concludeconcluded正式用语正式用语 vi&vt 正式用语正式用语 结束；终止结束；终止 to end or to bring sth to an e

11、nd：The story concluded with a happy ending.To conclude,Id like to express my thanks to my family.conclude sth with/by doing sth:He concluded his speech by wishing everyone a safe trip home.vt 推断出；断定推断出；断定 to form an opinion as the result of thought or study：What can be concluded from the last paragr

12、aph?2014 江西Aristotle concluded that heavy objects always fell faster than light ones.conclude v 构词：构词：con-(together)+clud(to shut)+-e(动词后缀)共同关闭(事情)结束、终止conclusion n C 结论；推论：结论；推论：make/rush to a conclusion jump to conclusionsThe judges conclusion was that Mr Smith was innocent.常用单数正式用语结束；结尾常用单数正式用语结束

13、；结尾(end)：When he brought his speech to a nice conclusion,his teacher invited the rest of the class to praise him.2019 全国改温故温故选必二 Unit 5 构词：构词：conclude+-ion(名词后缀)常用搭配常用搭配arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论：得出结论：They came to a conclusion that it was a thief who had stolen their diamond neck

14、lace.We will have a further discussion before we draw a final conclusion.in conclusion 最后；总之最后；总之(finally)：In conclusion,I would like to thank everyone who has helped us.In conclusion,people around the world should protect the water resources.2010 福建书面表达改Loose lips sink ships.loose祸从口出。祸从口出。/言多必失。言多

15、必失。猜猜该谚语的汉语翻译猜猜该谚语的汉语翻译 adj 松的；宽松的松的；宽松的：课文 You trip on a loose piece of carpet and twist your ankle.Dont wear loose clothes in the lab.loose hair 自由的；无束缚的：自由的；无束缚的：Dont let your pet loose in public places.不严谨的；松散的：不严谨的；松散的：If the structure of your speech is loose and confused,chances are that your

16、thinking is also disordered and confused.loose反义词：反义词：tight 控制不严的控制不严的：loose mouth/tongue let loose 释放；放任：释放；放任：Just close your eyes and let loose your imagination.vt 松开；释放松开；释放【词汇拓展】loosely adv 松散地；粗略地形容词动词化形容词动词化loose 语义网络图语义网络图衣物等衣物等“松的松的”组织、逻辑等组织、逻辑等“松的松的”控制控制“松的松的”松的；宽松的松的；宽松的自由的；无束自由的；无束缚的缚的控制

17、不严的控制不严的松的松的（基本义基本义）loosevtadj松开；释放松开；释放口风口风“松的松的”不严谨的；不严谨的；松散的松散的在正式的邀请函中经常会用到一些惯用的敬语，如“敬请光临”、“请届时出席”等等。那么大家知道这些敬语如何用英文表达吗？request敬请光临 _ 请届时出席 _ Your presence is requested.Your presence is requested for the occasion.比较下面两个句子，说说比较下面两个句子，说说 ask 和和 request 的区别是的区别是什么？什么？She asked him to wake her at 6

18、oclock.She requested him to wake her at 6 oclock.正式用语多用在严肃的正式场合，如商业信函、报告、讲座、会议，以及与陌生人和比自己级别高的人的礼貌交谈中。非正式用语则多用在放松的非正式场合，如与熟人的日常交流，包括会话和书信往来等。总的来说，书面语多用正式用语，口语多用非正式用语。request 是正式用语request n C&U（正式的）要求；请求：make a request for help In Japan,the“OK”sign is a request for small change.The pianist listened to

19、 our request that he(should)play in public again.at sbs request/at the request of sb 应某人的要求：The students were there at the teachers request.vt 正式用语 请求；要求 to ask for sth or ask sb to do sth in a polite or formal way：Request the honour of your presence.You can request a free ticket for the show at the

20、 reception desk.request request sb to do sth:Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.request+that.(should)do sth:We request that the discussion(should)be put off.与 ask(for)同义，但 request 更正式本单元金句汇总本单元金句汇总1.Too much drinking will do great harm to you./Too much drinking will do you great harm.2

21、.To conclude,Id like to express my thanks to my family.3.Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.随堂检测随堂检测一、在空白处填入一、在空白处填入1 1个适当的单词。个适当的单词。1.John was banned _ the meeting.2.There should be a ban _ talking loudly in cinemas.二、二、将下列句子译成英语将下列句子译成英语。1.室内公共区域和工作场所禁止吸烟。_2.他被禁止驾驶六个月。_banfromonSmoki

22、ng is banned in public indoor areas and workplaces.He was banned from driving for six months.harm一、根据汉语，写出单词的正确形式。一、根据汉语，写出单词的正确形式。1.Too much TV-watching can _（损害）childrens ability to learn.（2010 辽宁）2.Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are _（有害的）to people.（2010 广东）二、翻译下列句子。乱扔垃圾使我们的

23、学校脏乱，并且有损学校的形象。_Littering makes our school dirty,and does harm to the image of our school.harm harmful conclude根据所给提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。根据所给提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Its safe to _（推断出）it is reasonable to include English which facilitates（促进）daily communication.（2014 浙江）2.When the group discussion is nearing its

24、end,make sure to _ it _（以结束）important points.（2013 浙江）3.What can we _（从得出结论）Staffords research?（2009 全国）4.She _（结束时说）she was proud to be from Salford.conclude conclude that conclude from concluded by saying withloose写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.The students are asked to tie back their loose h

25、air in the lab?_2.Dont let your dog loose on the beach._3.He is wearing a loose shirt._4.Its a loose translation of the poem._5.I have a loose tooth._宽松的宽松的不准确的不准确的放任自由放任自由松动的松动的披散着的披散着的request根据所给汉语，根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.他们要求再给一些援助。(request n)They _ further aid.2.应你们的要求，我们将寄送详尽的节目说明。(request n)We will send you full program descriptions _.3.我写信是想请求你们帮我把包找回来。（2010 重庆书面表达)I am writing to you to _ find the bag back.4.她要求不要向任何人透露她的决定。（被动语态）She requested that no one _.made a request for(should)be told of her decisionat your requestrequest you to help me 谢谢谢谢观观赏赏