初三中考复习-非谓语动词.docx

1、初三中考复习考点整合 非谓语动词一，高频考点梳理非谓语动词概述1含义：动词的基本用法是作谓语。当句中已经有谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式。非谓语动词是指不能独立作谓语，但又具备动词的某些特征的动词形式。2特点：没有人称和数的变化，可以充当谓语以外其他的句子成分，如：主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等，起名词、形容词、副词的作用。3形式（动词原形统一用do表示） 动词不定式：to do 初中常考的非谓语动词有： 动词原形：do 动词-ing形式：doing知识点1-带to的动词不定式1、 构成：肯定：to do否定：not to do 2、 特别用法：(1) wh-/h-

2、疑问词不定式(短语.：其作用相当于一个名词性从句，常用在动词tell， know， imagine， learn， decide， forget， remember， consider， understand等后面作宾语，也可作主语、表语、同位语等。如： He asked me how to open the box.He asked me how he could open the box. 他问我这盒子怎么打开。You have to consider what to do next.You have to consider what you should do next. 你必须考虑下一

3、步该做什么。(2) 带逻辑主语的不定式：不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主语，构成方法是“It is形容词/名词(for/of sb.to do sth.”。如： It is necessary for you to have a talk with him. 跟他交谈一下对你而言有必要。(当该形容词或名词在意义上描述的是 to do sth. 的特征时，用 for 引出逻辑主语。该类形容词常为easy， difficult/hard， important， necessary， etc.It is foolish of you to do it like that. 你那样做好蠢。(当该形容词描述的

4、是逻辑主语sb. 的特征时，用 of 引出逻辑主语。该类形容词常为kind， foolish， rude， clever， selfish， careful， etc.3、 常规用法：4、 常用搭配： （1）动词+to doagree (同意.； offer (提出.； intend， plan (打算，计划.； demand， ask (要求.； promise (答应.； help (帮忙.； prepare (准备.； decide (决定.； refuse (拒绝.； +to do.dare (敢于.； choose (选择.； wish，hope，want， expect (希望，想

5、要.； fail（不能）； pretend (假装.； manage (设法.； determine （决心）。记忆口诀：同意提出做计划， 要求答应来帮忙。 准备决定遭拒绝， 敢于选择有希望。 不能做到莫假装， 设法做成决心坚。（2） 短语 + to do try ones best to do 尽某人的最大努力做某事 make up ones mind to do 下定决心做某事 （3）句型 + to do1. Its time to do sth.2. It takes sb. some time to do sth.3. tell/ask/want/encourage sb. to do

6、 sth.4. Would you like to do sth.?5. Its good/bad to do sth.6. be+adj.+enough to do sth.7. sb. is ready to do sth.8. Its+adj.+ for sb. to do sth. (for-adj 形容事情）9. Its+adj.+ of sb. to do sth.(of -adj 形容人的品质或性格） 10. would like/love to do sth. 11. what/how/ when/where/whether to do sth 12. too to do 13

7、. be afraid /ready/able/sure to do知识点2-秃头不定式（即不带to的不定式）1、构成：肯定：do否定：not do2、常规用法：秃头不定式一般在句子中作宾语补足语。 3、常用搭配： （1）动词+ do记忆诀窍：我（五）看三室两厅有（一）感注：help sb. 既可接to do也可接do，意义相同 1 只有let主动被动均无“to”，其他的都是主动无“to”被动有2 have sth to do.有.要做。（主语主动做某事）have sb do sth 让 / 叫 / 使某人做某事have sth done 让 / 叫 / 使 / 请别人做某事e.g. I ha

8、ve my work to finish. 我有工作要完成。 Ill have someone repair the bike for you. 我会请人为你修理自行车的。 We had the machine mended just now. 我们刚才请人把机器修好了。（2）短语 + do would rather had better rather than + do sth. 宁愿做 would rather do. than do. (= prefer to do. rather than do.=prefer doing. to doing.（3）句型 （提建议类）+ doWhy n

9、otWhy dont youShall we + do sth. LetsWould/will/can/could you please知识点3-动名词doing1. 构成：肯定：do-ing。否定：notdoing。2. 常规用法：3. 动名词的复合结构：由“形容词性物主代词/名称所有格动名词”可构成动名词的复合结构，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。该物主代词或名称所有格是动名词的逻辑主语。如：Would you mind my/me smoking here？Would you mind if I smoke here？ 你介意我在这里吸烟吗？I insisted on my husband

10、s/my husband paying the bill. 我坚持让我丈夫买单。4. 常用搭配： （1）动词+ doingadmit, deny, practise, keep, finish, enjoy, mind, suggest, consider, imagine+doing 记忆诀窍：阿迪PK福尔摩斯要考虑想象（2）动词词组+ doinglook forward to doing 期望做. be busy (in.doing 忙于做. be/get/become used to doing 习惯做. Thank you for doing 感谢做. instead of doing

11、 代替做某事 feel like doing sth 想要做have difficulties /trouble/ problems (in. doing sth 做某事有困难 succeed/ be successful in doing 成功做某事 spend/waste some time (in. doing 花费/浪费时间做. prefer doing sth to doing sth 喜欢做.更胜过喜欢做. insist on doing sth. 坚持做某事 be afraid of doing 害怕做某事give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 be worth doi

12、ng 做某事是值得的go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boatingapologize for（为道歉）prevent from（ 预防，防止）cant help doing 情不自禁地做某事（3）句型+ doingWould you mind doing? 你介意做吗？Thank you for doing.【难点】一、下列结构用带to的动词不定式和ing形式不同，含义不同：1.stop to do/ doing 停下来去做别的事/停止做某事2.forget to do/ doing 忘记要去做某事/忘记做过某事3.remember to do/doi

13、ng 记得要去做某事/记得做过某事4.go on to do/doing 接着某另一件事/接着做未做完的同一件事5.like to do/doing 喜欢做某事（非经常性）/喜欢做某事（指习惯、爱好）6.prefer to do (rather than do./prefer doing to doing7.try to do/doing 尽力做某事/试着做某事8.cant help to do sth 不能帮助做某事 cant help doing sth 禁不住/情不自禁做某事 cant help but do sth 只能做某事，不得不做某事9.need to do sth 需要做莫事

14、sth need doing= sth need to be done 表被动10.used to do sth 过去经常做某事 be/ get used to doing 习惯做某事 be used to do sth 被用来做某事 二、下列结构用带to的动词不定式和ing形式含义相同：1.begin to do/doing2.start to do/doing3. learn to do/doing三、用不带to的动词不定式强调动作的完成过程；用现在分词强调动作的进行状态。1.hear sb do sth./doing2.listen sb do sth./doing3.look at s

15、b do sth./doing4.see sb do sth./doing5.watch sb do sth./doing6.notice sb do sth./doing二，经典考题2019二模1. Lily refused _ her daughter to the after-school training center for extra classes. (2019 松江二模. A. to send B. sending C. sent D. send2. There was a lot of traffic, but Dan and his friends managed _ at

16、 the airport in time. (2019 普陀二模. A. arrive B. arrived C. to arrive D. arriving3. My grandmas memory is getting worse. She keeps_ things and peoples names. (2019 普陀二模. A. forget B. forgot C. to forget D. forgetting4.The headmaster had the students their own decision about the name and different sect

17、ions of the school newspaper. (2019 宝山二模. A.to make B. make C. making D. made5. The litter boy kept questions about the spaceship while we were in the Space Museum. (2019 宝山二模. A. ask B. asked C. to ask D. asking6.It was raining. My father asked me _ a raincoat. (2019 奉贤二模. A.to take B. take C. taki

18、ng D. took7._ a sport may help children relax. A. Play B. Playing C. Played D. Plays 8. My parents told me_ alone because I am too young and its not safe. (2019 奉贤二模. A. not traveling B. not to travel C. not travel D. no traveling9. While you live in my house, I expect you _ the rules. (2019闵行二模. A.

19、 to follow B. follow C. following D. followed 10. Its wise of young people to avoid _ the same mistakes again and again. .(2019闵行二模. A. make B. to make C. making D. to making 11. According to the government, air quality in Olympic zone keeps _. (2019徐汇二模. A. improve B. to improve C. improving D. imp

20、roved12. Windows in the dining hall allow guests _ the whole cooking process. (2019徐汇二模. A. see B. seeing C. to see D. Seen13.Joe has decided the coming summer holiday with his family in Xinjiang. (2019金山二模. A. spend B. spent C. to spend D. spending14.Its rather difficult for a heavy smoker to give

21、up in a short time. (2019金山二模. A. smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoked15.The headmaster had the students _ their own decision about the name and different sections of the school newspaper. (2019嘉定二模. A. to make B. makeC. makingD. made16.The little boy kept _ questions about the spaceship while we we

22、re in the Space Museum. (2019嘉定二模. A. askB. askedC. to askD. asking17. Charlie enjoys his mother with the housework in his free time. (2019崇明二模. A. help B.to help C. helping D. helps18.Tina has decided in a village school after graduation to help the children there. (2019崇明二模. A. teach B. to teach C

23、. teaching D. teaches19. My mum always avoids _ home from work at 5 p.m. as theres so much traffic then. (2019杨浦二模.A. travelB. travellingC. to travelD. to travelling20. Our decision _ for some drink made us late for the train. (2019杨浦二模. A. stopB. to stopC. stoppingD. to stopping【答案】1-5：ACDBD 6-10：A

24、BBAC 11-15：CCCBB 16-20：DCBBB2018二模1.Humans are _to live up to more than 150 years in the future.A. proudly B. likely C. finally D. possibly2.Tourists are required _their cars outside the National Park and take the cable carA）park B. parking C. parked D.to park3. Nowadays a lot of young people are tr

25、ying to do more things _ the old.A. to serve B. serve C. serving D. served4. These funny pictures about cakes will surely make you _.A. laugh B. laughing C. to laugh D. laughed5.Alice would rather_ in an air-conditioned room in such hot weather.A. stayB. to stayC. staysD. staying6.-what should I do,

26、 doctor? -_healthy, you should take more exercise. A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Being kept 7. We are often told dishonest by our class teacher at the class meeting.A. dont be B. not beingC. not beD. not to be8. Microsoft will stop _ service for Win 7 by the end of Jan. 14, 2020.A. provide B. to

27、provideC. providingD. to providing9. Nowadays, many parents make their children_ various courses at weekends.A. to attend B. attendC. attendingD. attended10.All the numbers of the team hope _ a wonderful result of the project.A. hadB. haveC. to haveD. having11._attentively please, Chris! There is a

28、primary school ahead.A) DrivingB. DriveC. To driveD. Drove12. Tommy and Jack were warned_ or scare the animals when they were in the zoo yesterday.A. not to feedB. not feedC. dont feedD. to not feed13.Our class teacher often advises us _full use of time during this important period.A. make B. makes

29、C. making D. to make 14.We invited Professor Li_ a speech at the meeting yesterday.A. to makeB. makingC. madeD. make15. More schools in the area have agreed _ the National Walkout Plan.A.to support B. supporting C. support D. supported16.To save time, many airlines now allow passengers _their boardi

30、ng passes online.A. to printB. printingC. printD. printed17. Since its your first visit to Britain, youd better _something about the British culture.A. learnB. learningC. learnedD. to learn18. The government made a promise _medical care and social security strong.A. keepB. to keepC. keepingD. to keeping19. After many years hard work, the twins made up their minds _ a restaurant of their own.A. open B. opening C. opened D. to open20. We are very delighted _you here in Shanghai.A. to meet B. met C. meet D. meeting【参考答案】1-5BDCAA 6-10CDCBC 11-15BADAA 16-20AABDA12