选修七 3.5《Unit 3　Grammar》学习参考培训课件.ppt

1、新课标人教版课件系列高中英语选修选修(模块）模块）7-7-3.5 一一:V-ing 形式由形式由“doing”构成，其构成，其否定形式是否定形式是“not doing”,V-ing 可以带可以带宾语或状语构成宾语或状语构成 V-ing 短语，没有人称短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。GrammarV-ing 形式形式语态语态时态时态 主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式一般式一般式完成式完成式(not)doing(not)being done(not)having done(not)having been done二二:V-ing 可作主语、宾语、

2、表语可作主语、宾语、表语;定语、定语、状语和宾语补足语，但不能单独作谓语。状语和宾语补足语，但不能单独作谓语。V-ing 形式表示的动作与主要动词同形式表示的动作与主要动词同时发生或发生在主要动词之后，用其一时发生或发生在主要动词之后，用其一般式般式;V-ing 形式表示的动作在主要动词形式表示的动作在主要动词之前发生，用其完成时，在具体应用中之前发生，用其完成时，在具体应用中也常以一般式代替完成式。也常以一般式代替完成式。V-ing 的用法：的用法：1.1.作主语作主语 Swimming is good for health._(raise)your hat to a a lady is g

3、ood manners.对一位女士脱帽致敬是礼貌的。对一位女士脱帽致敬是礼貌的。_(kill)by sharks in the sea is a common thing.RaisingBeing killed 2.作表语作表语 Teaching is learning.教学相长教学相长 My hobby is _(make)model planes.What worried the child most was _(not,allow)to visit his mother in the hospital.makingnot being allowed 1).V-ing形式和不定式都可表示比

4、较抽象形式和不定式都可表示比较抽象的一般性的行为；而表示具体的某次动作，的一般性的行为；而表示具体的某次动作，尤其是将来的动作时，多用不定式。尤其是将来的动作时，多用不定式。To obey/Obeying the law is everyones duty.2).V-ing形式和不定式都要有对称性形式和不定式都要有对称性;当主当主语是不定式时，表语也用不定式；反之，语是不定式时，表语也用不定式；反之，当主语是当主语是 V-ing 形式时，表语也用形式时，表语也用 V-ing 形式。形式。To see is to believe.=Seeing is believing.注意注意 3).Its

5、no use(good)doing sth Its a waste of time doing sth it 作形式主语作形式主语,只用只用V-ing,不用不定式。不用不定式。It is+adj.+(for sb)to do sth It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。覆水难收。It is a waste of time _(talk)to him.It is important for me _(learn)English.talking to learn 3.3.作宾语作宾语 V-ing 形式既可作动词的宾语形式既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾

6、也可作介词的宾语。语。We would appreciate hearing from you 我们会珍惜你的来信。我们会珍惜你的来信。The bird escaped _ (catch).I feel like _(join)the army.He was afraid of _ (abandon)by us.being abandonedbeing caught joining 注意：注意：在在 avoid,admit,appreciate,complete,consider,delay,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,forgive,imagine,mind,mis

7、s,practise,risk,suggest,give up,put off,feel like,insist on 等后只接等后只接V-ing形式作形式作宾语。宾语。4.作定语作定语 The girl standing there is my sister.This is a piece of _(surprise)news.The problem_(discuss)now is very important.The farmers _(work)in the fields are tired.surprising being discussed working5.作状语作状语 Heari

8、ng the good news,he jumped with joy.He sat at the table,_(read)China Daily._(ask)to answer the question,she couldnt refuse._(work)hard,you will succeed.readingWorkingBeing asked 6.作宾语补足语作宾语补足语:I saw people coming and going in the street.I heard her _(sing)a song in her room.Youll find the topic _ (d

9、iscuss)everywhere now.being discussedsinging7.-Ving 一般时一般时和和一般时的被动形式一般时的被动形式;1)He hurried home,looking behind from time to time.2)The building being repaired is our dormitory .-Ving 的的完成时完成时和和完成时的被动形式完成时的被动形式1)Having lit a candle,she went out.2)Having been asked to stay,I couldnt leave.3)Having hear

10、d this,our teacher expressed her satisfaction.8.在绝大数情况下，的逻辑主语是句子在绝大数情况下，的逻辑主语是句子的主语，但有时前可有一个名词或代词的主语，但有时前可有一个名词或代词表示视神经逻辑上的主语，这种带逻辑表示视神经逻辑上的主语，这种带逻辑主语的称为独立结构。主语的称为独立结构。The meeting being over,we all left the room and drove home.会议结束后，我们都离开房间开车走会议结束后，我们都离开房间开车走了。了。It being a holiday,all the shops were

11、 shut.由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。The heavy frost coming on,dead leaves lay thick on the ground.浓霜降临，枝叶满地。浓霜降临，枝叶满地。9.有少数并不表示句子主语的动作，而是表有少数并不表示句子主语的动作，而是表示说话人的态度。示说话人的态度。Generally speaking,the novel is not very inspiring.总的来说，这部小说并不感人。总的来说，这部小说并不感人。Judging from what you say,he ought to succeed

12、.从你说的情况看，他应能成功。从你说的情况看，他应能成功。Practice1.-What made Bill so angry?-_.His girl friend promised to come at 8:30,but she hasnt come yet.A.Having kept waiting B.Being kept waiting C.To be kept waiting D.Being kept waitedB 2.The building _ in our school is for us teachers.Though theres noise most of the da

13、y,we still feel happy about it.A.built B.having been built C.to be built D.being builtD 3.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catchC 4.While shopping,people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need.A.to persuaded B.persu

14、ading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded C 5._ many times,the boy still didnt know how to do the exercises.A.Having taught B.Having been taught C.taught D.Teaching B 6._ the whole story,Jane decided not to see the film.A.Having been told B.Having told C.Been told D.Telling AFill in the blanks:1._(turn

15、)to the right,you will find the place you want.2._(ask)to put on performance,she refused.3._ (finish)his work,Henry went home.4._(learn)new words is useful.TurningBeing asked Having finished Learning5.He disliked _(interrupt)in his experiment.6.I apologize for _ (not,wait)for you.7._(not,receive)an

16、answer,I wrote to him again.8._(give)such a good chance,you should catch it.being interrupted not having waited Not having received Having been given9.I didnt mind _(leave)at home.10.The house wants _(clean).11.He came in without _(ask).12._(show)around the library,we were taken to see the lab.being

17、 leftcleaningbeing askedHaving been shown巩固练习：巩固练习：1.I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.A.sail B.to sail C.sailing D.to have sailedC 2.The light in the office is still on.Oh,I forgot_ A.turning it off B.turn it off C.to turn it off D.having turned it offC 3.I would a

18、ppreciate _ back this afternoon.A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.youre calling C 4.How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden?A.To take B.take C.taking D.to be takingC 5.I must apologize for _ ahead of time.That all right.A.letting you not know B.not letting you know C.letting you kno

19、w not D.letting not you know B 6.You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.Well,now I regret _ that.A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having doneD 7.He has always insisted on his _ Dr Turner instead of Mr Turner.A.been called B.called C.having called D.being calledD8.Do you mind

20、_ alone at home?A.Jane leaving B.Jane having left C.Janes being left D.Jane to be leftC 9.She looks forward every spring to _ the flower-lined garden.A.visit B.paying a visit C.walk in D.walking inD 10.Once your business becomes international,_ constantly will be part of your life.A.you fly B.your f

21、light C.flight D.flyingD 11.While shopping,people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need.A.to persuade B.persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuadedC 12.What do you think made Mary so upset?_ her new bicycle.A.As she lost B.Lost C.Losing D.Because of losingC 13.Let me tell

22、 you something about the journalists.Dont you remember _the story yesterday?A.told B.telling C.to tell D.to have toldB14.One learns a language by making mistakes and _them.A.correct B.Correcting C.corrects D.to correctB 15.Fishing is his favorite hobby,and _.A.hed like to collect coin as well B.he f

23、eels like collecting coins,too C.to collect coins is also his hobby D.collecting coins also gives him great pleasureD巩固练习巩固练习:16.The secretary worked late into the night,_ a long speech for the president.A.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.was preparingB 17._ your homework,you mustnt listen to mus

24、ic.A.When do B.When to do C.When doing D.When you doingC 18.The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,_that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to add C.adding D.addedC 19._ the idiom,he looked it up in the dictionary.A.Not learning B.Never having learned C.Having not learned D.Having never learnedB 20.It rained heavily,_ severe flooding in the country.A.causing B.to cause C.caused D.having caused 21.Any driver _ a license ought to be punished.A.doesnt have B.having not C.has not D.not havingAD Finish all of the Grammar exercises on the workbook.Homework