必修5Unit1Greatscientists词汇讲解课件.ppt

1、共 99 页1Senior English Book V 必修必修5Unit 1Great scientists I.Textbook ExercisesII.Read the words aloudIII.Word quiz共 99 页2 英英释义英英释义 短语搭配短语搭配 经典经典例句例句 近义词辨析近义词辨析 派生词派生词延伸延伸共 99 页3单单 词词 梳梳 理理 高效梳理高效梳理知识备考知识备考1.characteristic character,feature某人或某物某人或某物天生有别于他人或他物的内部特质或外表特天生有别于他人或他物的内部特质或外表特征征（置于单词之后，下划线）

2、（置于单词之后，下划线）eg:a.It is characteristic of him to talk nonsense.b.A characteristic of the camel is its ability to live for a long time _ _.（标明标明eg,以字母表序号排列以字母表序号排列)共 99 页42.radium polonium;radioactive eg:a._ is famous for her discovery of radium.b.Radioactive is a special quality of radium.c.If it wer

3、ent for the radium,it would all be great.共 99 页53.painter eg:a.Caution!Wet Paint!b.Guohua,traditional Chinese paintings are _ and _;traditional western paintings are mostly _.paintpainting(derivatives are listed at the bottom in the same color as the new word)共 99 页64.put forward1)to suggest,come up

4、 with an idea2)to suggest sb.who would be good for a job or a position3)to put beforephrase1共 99 页71.放在一边；收拾起来；储存放在一边；收拾起来；储存 2.放回放回，拨回拨回3.写下；镇压；放下写下；镇压；放下 4.提出；颁布提出；颁布5.把把翻译成翻译成 6.延期延期，推迟推迟7.穿穿、戴上；戴上；(速度速度、体重体重)增加；上演增加；上演8.扑灭扑灭，熄灭熄灭 9.接通电话接通电话10.举起；建造；张贴举起；建造；张贴11.忍受忍受，忍耐忍耐，容忍容忍 12.专心于专心于put共 99 页8

5、5.scientific eg:a.Einstein was a great scientific genius.b.Scientific theories must be based on facts.c.The proportion of people in China with basic scientific knowledge is growing,but scientific literacy is still low.sciencescientist共 99 页96.conclude -conclusion-conclusive decide by reasoning;judge

6、;bring to a close(Phrases darkened,numbered)1)conclude.by/with 2)conclude to do sth.3)conclude.from4)to conclude(做插入语做插入语)5)in conclusion 6)bring.to a conclusion/come to a conclusion7)make/arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusionword1共 99 页10vconclude v-conclusion v-conclusive(inconclusive)The inve

7、stigation failed to turn up any conclusive evidence.共 99 页117.analyse/analyzeeg:a.The detective analysed the details of the robbery.b.Analyze the sentence for me and tell the part of speech.Never leave that until tomorrow,which you can do today.analysis/analysesanalytical共 99 页128.infect (give peopl

8、e disease;make people feel the same way)eg:a.He was infected with cholera.b.His laughter infects everyone who is in the room.c._ can infect babies at birth.infectious/communicable/transmissible infection共 99 页139.cholera共 99 页1410.defeat sb.defeated,defeated beat sb.beat,beaten win sth.won,wonword2共

9、 99 页1511.expert at/in/on+sth./doing sth.eg:a.Who is considered an expert in computer science in your family?b.She is an expert at solving family problems.c.What are you expert at/in/on?.expertise共 99 页1612.attend vt./vi.attend a meeting/a lecture/school/a funeralattend(on/upon)sb.attend(to)sb./sth.

10、attendance n.出席，到场，参加出席，到场，参加word3共 99 页1713.physician eg:a.A surgeon is a doctor who is trained to perform surgery.b.A physician is a doctor specialized in general medicine and not surgery.c.A dentist is a doctor who takes care of peoples _.d.A vet treats _.-physics -physical -physicist共 99 页1814.e

11、xpose vt.(to make visible or get in touch;to reveal the guilt or wrong doing of)1)expose sth/sb/oneself to2)be exposed to exposure exposition(Shanghai Expo)exposedword4共 99 页1915.deadly adj.dangerous;likely to cause death:fatal/incurable/killing:a deadly weapon 2)highly effective against sth.or sb:a

12、 deadly remark adv.1)very:deadly serious deadly quiet 2)like death:deadly pale 共 99 页2016.cure n./vt.1)a cure for.2)cure sb.of sth.curable incurableword5共 99 页21cure/treat/heal(1)treat指通过药物指通过药物、特别的食品或运动治病，强调治疗过程，、特别的食品或运动治病，强调治疗过程，treat sb.for sth.医治某人医治某人病；还可作病；还可作“对待对待，看待看待”讲讲，treat.as把把看作看作/视为视为

13、。(2)cure意为意为“治愈治愈，痊愈痊愈”，可接表示疾病的名词或代词可接表示疾病的名词或代词，也也可接可接sb.of再加表示疾病的名词再加表示疾病的名词。另外另外，还可作还可作“矫正矫正，纠正纠正”解解，借喻指消除社会上某种不良现象或个人恶习等借喻指消除社会上某种不良现象或个人恶习等。(3)heal意为意为“治愈治愈;愈合愈合”，用指身心创伤都可以，多用于治愈，用指身心创伤都可以，多用于治愈外伤外伤，如：如：wound,cut,injury,burn等等。-辨析用汉语辨析用汉语共 99 页2217.outbreak-break out come in-set out-break throu

14、gh-take part-eg:a.Very soon after the outbreak of the war he was arrested.b.China was struck by an outbreak of _ in 2019.共 99 页2318.challengeeg:a.He challenged my statement.b.He responded to the challenge in a calm way.c.Id like something challenging.共 99 页2419.victimeg:a.A victim is an _ person who

15、 suffers from a disaster.b.The fainting victim came to.c.They camped the quake victims in tents.共 99 页2520.absorb vt.a.What can we use to absorb the spilled ink?b.absorbin/by.I was absorbed in a book and didnt hear you call.c.absorbinto The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies in

16、to its own organization.word6共 99 页2621.suspect vt.n.1)suspect sth.2)suspect that3)suspect sb.of(doing)sth.4)suspect sb.to besuspected suspicion共 99 页27Other vt.sb.of sth.structures!accuse sb.of sth.cure sb.of sth.inform sb.of sth.remind sb.of sth.rob sb.of sth.suspect sb.of sth.warn sb.of sth.共 99

17、页2822.enquiry/inquirymake enquiries of sb.about sth.eg:a.I must enquire further into the matter.b.I admire _s enquiry into _.共 99 页2923.neighbourhood/neighborhoodeg:a.Your neighborhood is your surrounding or nearby region.b.Her garden was the admiration of the whole neighborhood.c.Is their a mall in

18、 our neighborhood?共 99 页3024.severesevere指面孔的严肃，法律的严厉，伤病指面孔的严肃，法律的严厉，伤病 严重。严重。着重着重严厉性，无丝毫温情严厉性，无丝毫温情。serious 指具有关键、严肃或指具有关键、严肃或严重意义严重意义的事情。的事情。earnest指严肃，认真，含指严肃，认真，含诚恳和热情意味诚恳和热情意味。strict 指待人接物指待人接物严格严格严谨。严谨。1.He experienced _ hardships in hischildhood.2.You look very _ about something.3.He suffered

19、 _ burns.4.He prayed a/an _ prayer.5.He ordered his life according to _ rules.共 99 页3125.clue cluelesseg:a.They are trying to chase down all the possible clues.b.I havent got a clue how to start a motorcycle.c.Please clue me in on his girlfriend.共 99 页3226.pumphandle共 99 页3327.Cambridge(Street)Sayin

20、g Good-bye to Cambridge Again -by Xu Zhimo Very quietly I take my leave As quietly as I came here;Quietly I wave good-bye To the rosy clouds in the western sky.The golden willows by the riversideAre young brides in the setting sun;Their reflections on the shimmering waves Always linger in the depth

21、of my heart.共 99 页34 The floatingheart growing in the sludgeSways leisurely under the water;In the gentle waves of CambridgeI would be a water plant!(To be continued)共 99 页3528.foresee(foresaw,foreseen)(realize beforehand;foretell;predict;forecast)eg:_ can foresee what will happen in the future.共 99

22、 页3629.investigate (look )investigationinvestigator investigative共 99 页3730.blame nvt.(criticize,scold)为某事责备某人：为某事责备某人：把某事归咎于某人：把某事归咎于某人：应应(为为)承担责任；该承担责任；该(为为)受责备受责备(此处不能用被动语态此处不能用被动语态)：word7共 99 页3831.polluteeg:a.I feel it our duty not to pollute our environment.b.Our store never sells books that p

23、ollute the mind.pollution pollutant共 99 页3932.handle(deal with，cope with，dispose of，manage，handle)共 99 页4033.germeg:a.The germs are easily passed from person to person.b.The wound was infected with germs.c.Germs are invisible to the naked eye.共 99 页4134.link(link to,connect to/with,join to)eg:What a

24、re linking verbs?共 99 页4235.announce announce宣布；宣告(含有“预告”的意思)，尤其是大家所关心的或有新闻价值的事情的宣布announce 广播通知declare宣布(如公开声明战争、和平、中立、意见等)，用于正式场合。announcer announcement 共 99 页4336.certainty1)with certainty我不能确切说出公司的前景。我不能确切说出公司的前景。2)without certainty“可以让我试一下吗？可以让我试一下吗？”她不确定地说。她不确定地说。3)There is no certainty of.共 9

25、9 页4437.instruct(direct,indicate;teach,coach)eg:a.I instructed him to come to work early.b.She instructed her students to work on pronunciation.instruction instructor共 99 页4538.responsiblea.The captain is responsible for the safety of the _.b.The teacher is responsible for the achievements of the _.

26、respond responseresponsibility共 99 页4639.constructv(build，construct，found，establish，set up)vconstruct较正式用词，强调根据一定较正式用词，强调根据一定计划进行的规模较大，结构较复杂，要计划进行的规模较大，结构较复杂，要求较高技术的建造。求较高技术的建造。共 99 页4740.contribute vt.&vi._,_,_1)contribute to sth.2)contribute sth.to/towards 3)make a contribution to.contribution con

27、tributor word 8共 99 页4841.apart from (besides;except;except for)take.apart(divide into pieces)tell.apart(tell the difference from)set/put apart(select sth for a special aim)a._ the cost,it will take a lot of time.b.I have nothing _ the clothes I am wearing.共 99 页4942.firework firecracker共 99 页5043.c

28、hart(chart,map,graph,form)共 99 页5144.creative-create-creator-creation共 99 页5245.co-operative/cooperative-cooperate-cooperation共 99 页5346.positivenegative neutraleg:a.One of the most important habits in life is to feed your mind with positive mental food.b.Hes HIV positive.共 99 页5447.be strict with s

29、b.?sth.?共 99 页5548.Nicolaus Copernicus Polish astronomer who produced a workable model of the solar system with the sun in the center(1473-1543).共 99 页5649.revolutionary adj./n.revolution 共 99 页5750.movementeg:a.He lay there without movement.b.We are starting a movement against smoking.共 99 页5851.ma

30、ke sense 1)make sense of sth.2)make no sense 3)in a sense 4)in no sense 5)There is no sense in doing sth.6)a sense of humor/safety 7)common sense 共 99 页5952.backwardeg:a.She looked backward over her shoulder.b.He is backward in giving people his views.c.China is no longer a backward country.共 99 页60

31、53.loop -hula -hoop共 99 页6154.privately private-personaleg:a.A Private Conversation!b.He works in a privately owned enterprise.private personal=public,general共 99 页6255.spin(spun,spun;spinning)a.Joe spun a coin on the table.b.Wool is spun to make yarn.c.The top is spinning merrily.共 99 页6356.brightn

32、essa.Stars vary in brightness.b.The little kids brightness surprised all people present.共 99 页6457.enthusiastic a.She is clever and enthusiastic.b.Im not over-enthusiastic about golf.enthusiasm共 99 页6558.cautiousa.Old ladies are very cautious with money.b.The boss is cautious about making promises.c

33、.Caution!Wet floor!共 99 页6659.reject vt.拒绝；拒绝；抛开抛开,丢掉；抵制，排斥丢掉；抵制，排斥 n被拒绝或抛弃的人或物被拒绝或抛弃的人或物reject与与refuserefuse指拒绝别人的请求、帮助、邀请等，其后可跟不定式。指拒绝别人的请求、帮助、邀请等，其后可跟不定式。reject不不接接双宾语双宾语，不接不定式。不接不定式。She refused to accept my gift.She rejected my gift.共 99 页67(1)My cousin tried to join the army but _.(2)After the transplant his body _ the new heart.(3)I _ the rotten oranges.was rejectedrejectedrejectedFill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of“reject”.Think what you mean by saying that.共 99 页6860.universe universal universally university