[人教版]七年级下册历史第6课北宋的政治教学课件.ppt

1、第6课 北宋的政治,陈桥兵变,黄袍加身,新课导入,杯酒释兵权,后周大将赵匡胤，陈桥兵变当皇帝。 杯酒辞去石守信，牢牢控制了军队。 中央相权要分割，分化事权削相权； 地方文臣任知州，三年一换频调动。 节度使税权取消，转运使把财赋收。 重文轻武政策好，政权稳定社会安； 文教事业得发展，文治局面大兴盛。,一、宋太祖强化中央集权,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,

2、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,

3、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,结束分裂割据局面,1.北宋建立的时间：,公元960年,2.开国皇帝：,3.都城：,赵匡胤宋太祖,开封,强化中央集权的措施,1.解除禁军将领的兵权，牢牢地控制

4、了军队。,2.在中央，采取分化事权的办法，削弱相权。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

5、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

6、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,3.在地方，派文臣担任州县长官，知州三年一换，设通判分化知州权力；取消节度使收税的权力，后设置转运使把地方财赋收归中央。,影响：,通过上述措施，宋朝把中央集权强化到前所未有的程度，皇权大大加强。,思考探究：汉武帝和宋太祖加强中央集权采取的措施有何异同？,*相同点： 在中央，分割宰相的权力，加强皇权； 在地方，削弱地方机构的权力。,*不同点： 1.在中央，汉武帝通过设立中朝决策机构来削弱宰相的权力；宋太祖则通过分割宰相的军权

7、、财权，乃至行政权来削弱宰相权力。 2.在地方上，汉武帝主要是削弱王国势力和建立对地方官的监察机制；宋太祖则将地方精兵、财权、行政权收归中央。,二、重文轻武的政策,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元

8、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元

9、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,1.目的,为防止唐末以来武将专横跋扈的弊端重现。,2.措施,宋太祖重用文臣掌握军政大权，宋太宗继续采取抑制武将、提升文官地位的政策，使文臣统兵的格局逐渐形成。 宋朝注重发展文教事业，改革和发展了科举制，造就了宋朝科技发达、文化昌盛、人才辈出的文治局面。,3.影响：,宋朝的重文轻武政策，扭转了五代十国时期尚武轻文的风

10、气，杜绝了武将跋扈和兵变政移的情况发生，有利于政权的稳固和社会的安定。,北宋的盛世景象：,东南形胜，三吴都会，钱塘自古繁华。烟柳画桥，风帘翠幕，参差十万人家。云树绕堤沙。怒涛卷霜雪，天堑无涯。市列珠玑，户盈罗绮，竞豪奢。 重湖叠巘清嘉。有三秋桂子，十里荷花。羌管弄晴，菱歌泛夜，嬉嬉钓叟莲娃。千骑拥高牙。乘醉听萧鼓，吟赏烟霞。异日图将好景，归去凤池夸。 柳永望海潮,北宋政治,强化中央集权,重文轻武,解除禁军将领兵权,中央：分化事权，削弱相权,地方：文臣任州县长官，知州三年一换；设置转运使，把地方赋收归中央,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

11、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

12、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

13、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,重文轻武的弊端,宋朝实行重文轻武政策，对政权的稳固有积极的作用，但也造成了负面的影响。文臣掌兵，不熟悉军务，而将不专兵，兵无常帅，导致军队的战斗力减弱。文官得到重用，逐渐形成以士大夫为主体的官僚集团，但由于政治机构重叠，相互牵制，官吏冗余，人浮于事，既导致办事效率下降，又增加了朝廷的财政支出。,课后拓展,宋代职官大辞典之地方行政管理机构称：“乾德三年（965）三月，朝廷遣官吏转运使，总一道之财赋，此为道一级之设官。”这一举措在政治方面产生的主要影响是（ ） A.实现了中央集权 B.剥夺了节度使的权力 C.结束了藩镇割据局面 D.消除了地方割据势力的物质基础,D,课堂练习,北宋时，“状元登第，虽将兵数十万，恢复幽蓟，凯歌而还，献捷太庙，其荣亦不能及矣。”这反映了当时政府（ ） A.渴望收回幽云地区 B.崇武抑文 C.委派文官主持军务 D.重文轻武,D,