[人教版]七年级下册历史第13课宋元时期的科技与中外交通教学课件.ppt

1、第13课 宋元时期的科技与中外交通,雕版印刷术,忆一忆,缺点： 刻版费工费时； 刻好的版只能印制一种书籍。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,

2、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,

3、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,一、活字印刷术的发明,1.时间、人物： 2.方法： 3.特点：,北宋、毕昇。,用胶泥刻字，然后用火烧制成字模；在有框的铁板上撒上松脂、石蜡和纸灰等，将字模在铁板上排成版；融化松脂后将字模压平印书；印完后将松脂融化，泥字拆开，可进行再次排版。,既经济又省时。,4.意义： 5.传播：,对人类文明的发展产生了重大的影响。,13世纪时，活字印刷术传入朝鲜，之后传到日本及东南亚地

4、区，又经丝绸之路传到波斯，后来经过蒙古人的西征等途径传入欧洲。,活字印刷术的发展,活字印刷术（胶泥）,木活字印刷术,转轮排字法,铜活字印刷法,二、指南针、火药的应用,司 南,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

5、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成

6、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,1.司南：,战国时人们利用天然磁铁做成指南工具，称为“司南”。司南的形状像一把汤匙，放置在铜制的方形地盘中，地盘四周刻有24个方位。司南在光滑的盘中转动，当它停下来时，匙柄就指向南方。,（一）指南针的发明与传播,司南,2.指南针的发明：,宋代开始使用人造磁铁制成指南工具。人们用带有磁性的钢针放在碗边或用线

7、将针悬起，钢针就可以灵活地指向南方。,3.指南针的应用：,北宋末年，中国的海船上开始使用指南针。,水罗盘,罗盘,4.指南针的传播及其影响：,指南针发明以后，由阿拉伯商人传到阿拉伯国家，后来又传到欧洲，大大促进了世界远洋航海技术的发展。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元

8、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元

9、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,2.应用：,唐朝末年，火药开始用于军事领域。宋元时期，火药武器广泛用于战争。,3.武器：,突火枪、火铳、火箭、火炮等。,（二）火药的应用与传播,1.发明：,唐朝时，中国人已经发明了火药。,4.传播：,13世纪，火药和烟火传入阿拉伯地区，14世纪

10、初，又经阿拉伯人传到了欧洲。,5.历史意义：,中国发明的火药和火器传入欧洲后，对欧洲的火器制造和作战方式产生了巨大影响，推动了欧洲社会的变革。,三、发达的中外交通,1.陆上丝绸之路：,在宋元时期成为通往西方的交通要道。,（一）陆路交通,2.驿站：,宋代驿站比较发达； 元朝修建了覆盖全国的陆路交通网，建立了四通八达的驿站。,1.宋元时期造船和航海技术有了较大的发展。 中国的航海家除了使用指南针外，也初步 掌握了潮汛、信风、气象的规律。,（二）海上丝绸之路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

11、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

12、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,2.海上交通发达，海外

13、贸易繁荣。宋代的海路 形成了多条航线，可通往日本、高丽、东南 亚、印度、阿拉伯等国家和地区，远至波斯 湾及东非海岸。元朝时，海上交通范围有更 大的拓展，海上丝绸之路进入鼎盛时期。,陆路和海路交通的畅通，使中外经济、文化和科技的交流进一步发展起来。,（三）影响,印刷术、火药、指南针、纸币、驿站制度，天文、历法、农业、手工业生产技术,药物、天文、历法、数学等科学技术与文化,传出,传入,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,

14、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,

15、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,课堂小结,宋元时期的科技与中外交通,科技,活字印刷术：毕昇,指南针：促进航海技术发展,中外交通,火药：唐朝发明，宋代用于军事,陆路交通发达,元朝时，海上丝绸之路进入鼎盛时期,（江苏连云港）“若止印三二本，未为简易；若印数十百千本，则极为神速”描述的是（ ） A.拓印刻石 B.雕版印刷术 C.活字印刷术 D.双色套印,C,课堂练习,（湖南怀化）宋史记载：“有造突火枪，内安子窠，如燃放，焰绝然后子窠发出，如炮声，远闻五十余步。”它描绘的是我国“四大发明”中哪一项的应用（ ） A.造纸术 B.印刷术 C.火药 D.指南针,C,