双语医学课件2-消化系统The-Digestive-System.ppt

1、辅助器官辅助器官(Para.1)The gastrointestinal tract胃肠道胃肠道The submucosal plexus(Meissner plexus)黏膜下层神经丛黏膜下层神经丛（即迈斯纳神经丛）即迈斯纳神经丛）The myenteric plexus(Auerbach plexus)肠肌神经丛肠肌神经丛（即奥尔巴赫神经丛（即奥尔巴赫神经丛)The subserosal plexus浆膜下神经网丛浆膜下神经网丛 What are the three nerve plexuses?唾液唾液 味蕾味蕾 嗅神经嗅神经 胃液的分泌胃液的分泌 恒牙恒牙 咀嚼咀嚼 食管食管 蠕动蠕动

2、 外层纵向肌外层纵向肌 内层环形肌内层环形肌 Mouth and Esophagus口腔和食道口腔和食道salivation唾液分泌唾液分泌salivation唾液分泌唾液分泌食糜食糜 十二指肠十二指肠 Stomach胃胃胃壁胃壁 斜肌层斜肌层 中环层中环层和外纵层外纵层在胃底胃底最薄.胃体和胃窦胃窦逐渐变厚胃粘膜胃粘膜 Stomach胃胃1.血液通过腹腔一支动脉腹腔一支动脉输入胃中2.主动脉沿胃大弯胃大弯和胃小弯胃小弯分布 3.分叉深入浆膜浆膜和肌层肌层 4.形成丰富的侧支循环侧支循环Stomach胃胃Cardiovascular System:Major Vessels 1.renal a

3、rtery 肾动脉肾动脉 2.vertebral artery 脊椎动脉脊椎动脉 3.subclavian artery 锁骨下动脉锁骨下动脉 4.aorta 主动脉主动脉 5.coronary artery 冠状动脉冠状动脉 6.celiac artery 腹腔动脉腹腔动脉 7.superior mesenteric artery 肠系膜上动脉肠系膜上动脉 8.lumbar artery 腰动脉腰动脉 9.inferior mesenteric artery 肠系膜下动脉肠系膜下动脉 10.gonadal artery 生殖腺动脉生殖腺动脉 1.renal artery 肾动脉肾动脉2.ve

4、rtebral artery 脊椎动脉脊椎动脉3.subclavian artery 锁骨下动脉锁骨下动脉4.aorta 主动脉主动脉 5.coronary artery 冠状动脉冠状动脉6.celiac artery 腹腔动脉腹腔动脉7.superior mesenteric artery 肠系膜上动肠系膜上动8.lumbar artery 腰动脉腰动脉9.inferior mesenteric artery 肠系膜下动肠系膜下动10.gonadal artery 生殖腺动脉生殖腺动脉 A rich circulationstomachliverGastric VeinSplenic Vei

5、n静止状态下没有壁张力壁张力吞咽动作致使底部底部松弛食物存储在垂直层或斜纤层垂直层或斜纤层液体相对快速地流入胃窦胃窦蠕动波蠕动波使胃动力开始增强(蠕动收缩频率)同时受神经和激素活动神经和激素活动影响。Gastric Motility胃运动胃运动1.胃液胃液或胃分泌物胃分泌物2.粘液粘液、酸酸、酶酶、激素激素和内因子内因子and 3.激素激素被分泌到血液里4.其他胃分泌物直接进入胃腔胃腔。Gastric Secretion胃分泌胃分泌Gastric Secretion胃分泌胃分泌volumeflow rate2.氢和氯氢和氯,钠钠,钾钾 的浓度变化的浓度变化 hydrogen and chlor

6、ide,sodium,and potassiumGastric Secretion胃分泌胃分泌Gastric Secretion胃分泌胃分泌 2.腹膜腹膜是包裹在腹部器官和是包裹在腹部器官和骨盆腔骨盆腔上的一层上的一层 Small Intestine小肠小肠Small intestineIleocecal valvejejunumA suspensory ligamentduodenum jejunumA suspensory ligament腹膜腹膜PeritoneumPeritoneumMesentery1.十二指肠的动脉供应主要由十二指肠的动脉供应主要由胃十胃十二指肠动脉二指肠动脉提供提

7、供。the gastroduodenal artery.2.小肠平滑肌小肠平滑肌分布为两层：外部的分布为两层：外部的纵层和内部较厚的环层。纵层和内部较厚的环层。The smooth muscles of the small intestineSmall Intestine小肠小肠Arterial supply to small intestineGastroduodenal artery食物食物 氯化氢和胃蛋白酶氯化氢和胃蛋白酶的作用的作用(分解食物纤维和蛋白分解食物纤维和蛋白)食糜食糜 胰腺酶，肠胰腺酶，肠道酶和胆盐的作用道酶和胆盐的作用 碳水碳水化合物化合物/蛋白质蛋白质/脂肪分解脂肪分解

8、 水水/维生素维生素/电解液通过传输，电解液通过传输，扩散或易化扩散扩散或易化扩散 经肠经肠道黏膜道黏膜 吸收。吸收。肠道消化与吸收肠道消化与吸收stimulates intestinal movements Mix in secretion from theIntestinal Motility肠道运动肠道运动肠道运动受两种运动影响：结肠袋分节运动和蠕动。Intestinal Motility肠道运动肠道运动Large Intestine大肠大肠Large Intestine大肠大肠 Large Intestine大肠大肠 Intestinal Bacteria肠道细菌肠道细菌Accesso

9、ry Organ of Digestion消化的辅助消化的辅助器官器官produces stores produces needed for the complete digestion of carbohydrates,proteins,and fats.Besides,produces an.It also receives nutrients absorbed by the small intestine,metabolizing and synthesizingAccessory Organ of Digestion消化的辅助消化的辅助器官器官Liver-Secretion of Bi

10、le L.216 Accessory Organ of Digestion消化的辅助消化的辅助器官器官Liver-Secretion of Bile Accessory Organ of Digestion消化的辅助消化的辅助器官器官Accessory Organ of Digestion消化的辅助消化的辅助器官器官 Accessory Organ of Digestion消化的辅助消化的辅助器官器官Accessory Organ of Digestion消化的辅助消化的辅助器官器官Accessory Organ of Digestion消化的辅助消化的辅助器官器官 Accessory Organ of Digestion消化的辅助消化的辅助器官器官