2019年中考英语语法知识专题课件：动词的时态（含例题及答案）.ppt

1、动词的时态,1 一般现在时,考点一：一般现在时可表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与often，usually，always，sometimes，every day等连用。 考点二：一般现在时可表示现在的情况或状态。 考点三：表示客观事实或永恒的真理。 考点四：如果主句为一般将来时，在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。,主语+动词be (am / is /are) /行为动词原形/行为动词第三人称单数形式+其他,e.g. She goes to work at 7:00 every day. I like bananas. The moon moves round the Earth. I

2、 will discuss this with you when we meet next time. Ill stay at home if it rains tomorrow. The plane takes off at 9:20 am.,考点一：一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语tomorrow，next time，in a few days，next Monday，in the future，in+时间段，soon，right away 等连用，其结构为“will+动词原形”。 考点二：“be going to+动词原形”表示将要发生的动作或安排、打算

3、，或有某种迹象表明即将发生某事。,2 一般将来时,助动词will / shall + 动词原形 be going to+动词原形,考点三：其他可表示将来的时态： 1. 现在进行时可表示计划或准备要做的事； 2. 一般现在时可表示按计划要发生的事。如： The Smiths are going fishing tomorrow. The first bus leaves at 6:00 a.m.,一般将来时由“助动词will / shall + 动词原形”构成。 其中will可用于主语为各种人称的句子中；shall主要用于主语为第一人称的句子中，尤其是在疑问句中，当主语为第一人称时，通常用sha

4、ll。 e.g. We will have a sports meeting in two months. Where shall we go for our holidays? Dave is going to learn the guitar next year.,考点一：现在进行时可表示现在正在进行的动作和发生的事情，常与now，at the moment，“Look!”，“Listen!”等连用或根据上下文语境判断。 考点二：现在进行时可表示现阶段或一段时间内正在发生的事，常与these days, all the morning等连用。,3 现在进行时,主语+am / is / ar

5、e+动词-ing形式+其它,考点三：现在进行时可表示计划或准备要做的事。（这类动词有go, come, start, move, sail, leave等） 考点四：一般现在时可表示按计划要发生的事。如： The earliest train leaves at 6:00 a.m. 考点五：there be句型的一般将来时结构为 “there will be +主语”或“there is / are going to be +主语”。,e.g. He is playing football in the playground. I am doing my homework in my room

6、. She is searching for information on the Internet now. Look! Some children are drawing under the trees.,考点一： 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。常与其连用的有the whole yesterday morning, at this time yesterday，at that time，then 等时间状语或由 when，while引导的时间状语从句或根据上下文语境判断。,4 过去进行时,主语+ was / were +动词-inging形式+其它,考点二：由whe

7、n引导的时间状语从句，若主句的动作正在进行，这时从句的动作发生了，则主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。 考点三：由while引导的时间状语从句，当从句的动作正在进行，这时主句的动作发生了，则从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时。若主从句的动作在过去同时进行，则主从句均用过去进行时。,e.g. We were playing basketball at nine yesterday morning. Susan was taking an acting lesson from one to three yesterday afternoon. What were you doing when t

8、he accident happened? While my mother was cooking, I was doing my homework. While Jenny was having dinner, her father came back.,考点一：一般过去时可表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，常与其连用的时间状语有yesterday，the day before yesterday，a few minutes ago，last week，just now，in 1999 等。 考点二：一般过去时可表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作，句中常有always, often, usuall

9、y等频度副词。,5 一般过去时,主语+was/were/行为动词过去式+其他,e.g. Bob was at home just now. I always went to the farm with my sister when we were at primary school. He visited Guilin in 1998. Did you live in Guangzhou in 2008? Were you happy at the party? Where were you last night?,考点一：现在完成时可表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与a

10、lready，just，yet，ever，never，before，so far，recently，in the past / last . years / months等连用或根据上下文语境判断。,6 现在完成时,主语+助动词have / has+动词的过去分词,考点二：现在完成时可表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态，也许还要持续下去，该用法常适用于延续性动词，常与for+时间段或since+时间点或since引导的时间状语从句连用。,考点三：一些短暂性动词转换成意义相近的延续性动词或be+形容词 / 副词 / 介词短语 / a(n)+名词，与表示一段时间的状语连用。如： bu

11、y have borrow keep move live begin / start be on die be dead open be open fall asleep be asleep leave be away come be in join be in +组织 / be a member,考点四：have / has been to 表示“到过某地(现在已经回来了)”，句中常有表示次数的词语；have / has gone to 表示“去某地了(但还没有回来)”。,e.g. Ive already posted the photos. I havent watered the pla

12、nts yet. Has he found his watch yet? I have been in the army for more than 5 years. My father has gone to Guangzhou and will come back tomorrow. He has lived here since 1978.,7 过去完成时,考点一： 句中by(在某时前，到某时)构成的短语表示过去的时间时，句子常用过去完成时。 考点二： 由by the time (在以前)和when / before 引导的时间状语从句使用了一般过去时，如果主句的动作发生在从句动作之前，

13、此时主句用过去完成时。 考点三：在含有宾语从句的复合句中，主句使用了一般过去时，而从句的动作发生在主句动作之前，此时从句用过去完成时。,助动词had+过去分词,e.g. I forgot to tell you that I had read this novel before. Luke had been in China for seven years by the end of last year. By ten oclock yesterday evening, she had finished her homework. By the time I got home, my fath

14、er had left for New York. The Smiths were glad to know that their son had won the competition.,现在完成时表示的动作发生在说话之前某个没有明确说出的过去时间，侧重过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或造成的结果，与现在有关； 过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，它是一个相对的时态，不能离开过去的时间而独立存在。 e.g. We have lived here for ten years. We had lived here for ten years when we had to move last ye

15、ar.,现在完成时 & 过去完成时,现在完成时可表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调过去发生的事情和现在有联系； 一般过去时表示过去的动作或状态，强调过去发生的事情与现在没有联系。,现在完成时 & 一般过去时,e.g. She has written some short stories. 她写了一些短篇小说。 (表示“写”这一动作发生在过去，但和现在有联系，用来说明成就。) She wrote the short stories in Shanghai. 这些短篇小说是她在上海写的。 (表示“写”这一动作发生在过去，与现在没有联系。),现在完成时可用来表示从过去某一时间开始的动

16、作一直持续到现在；一般过去时强调动作发生在过去。 e.g. Linda has worked in our school for two years. 琳达在我们学校工作两年了。 (表示“工作”这一动作发生在过去，并持续到 现在。) Linda worked in our school two years ago. 琳达两年前在我们学校工作。 (表示“工作”这一动作发生在过去，现在已结 束。),1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作、存在的状态或过去经常发生的动作。谓语动词用动词的过去式，常与yesterday, last year, in 1965, a moment ago 等表示过去

17、的时间状语连用； 过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行或发生的动作。常与this time yesterday, at that time, at eight last night等时间状语以及when, while等引导的时间状语从句连用。,一般过去时 & 过去进行时,e.g. He visited Guilin in 1998. I was sixteen years old last year. What was he doing at eight yesterday morning? His mother was cooking when he came back home

18、.,2. 一般过去时往往表示在过去某一时间已经完成的动作，且所指的过去时间比较笼统；而过去进行时则表示动作的持续性，在当时尚未完成，且所指的过去时间比较具体。 e.g. She watched a movie last night. 她昨晚看了一部电影。（已经看完） She was watching a movie at nine last night. 她昨晚九点在看电影。（当时正在观看）,根据句意用括号内所给动词的正确时态填 空。 1. The girl often _ (play) with her cat. 2. At the moment Lucy _ (sing) an Engli

19、sh song. 3. Look! Mr. Lee _ (teach) his students to draw pictures. 5. We _ already _ (read) that storybook.,plays,is singing,is teaching,have read,5. My mother sometimes _ (watch) TV after supper. 6. My car _ (be) broken yesterday. So I _ (take) a bus to work in the morning. 7. How _ your father usu

20、ally _ (go) to work? 8. _ the girls _ (dance) in the park now? 9. John _ (fly) a kite once a week.,does,Are dancing,flies,go,watches,was,took,根据短文内容及括号内所给词的提示填空。 Yesterday I cleaned my room. I (1) _ (clear) out many old things from the boxes under my bed. One of them was an old model car. Since I (2

21、) _ (be) six years old, I have had it. I (3) _ (have) it for eight years. In the past I often (4) _ (play) with it. Since two years ago, I (5) _ (not play) with it. I have decided to give it away to kids in need.,cleared,was,have had,played,havent played,1. 将下列句子译成英语。 (2018江苏苏州) 1) 这个暑假你打算做什么? What

22、do you plan to do this summer vacation? / What are you going to do this summer vacation? 2) 我已经决定读一些书并游览一些名胜古迹。 I have decided to read some books and visit some places of interest.,2. 将下列句子翻译成英语。(2018四川内江中考) 1) 五月份有31天。 There are 31 days in May. 2) Mike很喜欢中国。他来中国已经5年了。 Mike likes China very much / a

23、 lot. Hes been in China for 5 years.,3. 句子翻译。(2018辽宁铁岭) 当刘涛走进房间的时候，他哥哥正在看世界杯足球赛。 When Liu Tao entered the room, his brother _ the World Cup football game.,was watching,4. 根据所给中文完成句子翻译。 (2018辽宁辽阳) 1) 十分钟之前，飞机就起飞了。 The plane _ ten minutes ago. 2) 她正沿着街走，这时有人喊她的名字。 She _ the street when someone called

24、her name.,took off,was walking along/down/on,4. 完成句子。 (2018湖北襄阳) 1) 瞧！张明明在操场上放风筝。(fly) Look! Zhang Mingming _ on the playground. 2) 从十岁起，刘英就参与了保护动物的活动。(play) Liu Ying _ _ animals since she was ten.,is flying a kite,has played a part (role) in,protecting,5. 根据所给汉语和提示词完成下列句子。 (2018 湖北恩施) 当你去香港时，我正忙着准备

25、期末考试。(prepare) While you were on the visit to Hong Kong, I was busy_ my final exams.,preparing for,6. 根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词） (2018广东广州) 你沿丝绸之路旅游过吗？ _ _ ever _ along the Silk Road?,Have you traveled,7. 完成句子。(2018山东威海) 1) 新加坡（Singapore）一年有几个季节？ 2) Tom上个月向我借了一本词典，但是到现在还没归还。,How many seasons are t

26、here in Singapore in a year?,Tom borrowed a dictionary from me last month, but he hasnt returned it (to me) so far / by now. / but he hasnt given it back (to me) so far / by now.,8. 完成句子。(提示:每空不超过四个单词) (2018湖北黄冈) 1) 我朋友第一次来黄冈时，就喜欢上了这个城市。(fall) My friend _ Huanggang when he came to the city for the f

27、irst time. 2) 当我们赶到书店时,他们已经卖光了哈 利，波特这本书。(sell) By the time we arrived at the bookstore, they _ Harry Potter.,fell in love with,had sold out,9. 英汉互译。(2018辽宁盘锦) 约翰自从戒烟以来体重已经增加了5公斤。 John _ five kilos since he gave up smoking.,has put on,10. 根据所给中文完成句子翻译。 (2018辽宁抚顺) 我的祖父母已经结婚50年了。 My grandparents _ for

28、50 years.,have been married,11. 按要求完成下面各句。每空一词。 (2018四川乐山) The newly-opened supermarket had something on sale last Sunday. (改为一般疑问句) _ the newly-opened supermarket _ anything on sale last Sunday?,Did,have,12. 单项填空。,1) It has started to rain. Its wise that we _ to the park. (2018广西柳州) A. didnt go B.

29、arent going C. dont go,A,2) Reading books _ a bridge between our lives and the unknown world. (2018贵州贵阳) A. built B. build C. builds,C,3) Could you help me clean the floor, Bob? Wait a moment. I _ for some information about the World Cup. (2018山东莱芜) A. search B. have searched C. am searching D. was

30、searching,C,4) I _ you here, but you didnt come. Im terribly sorry. I was so busy that I forgot. (2018江苏常州) A. would expect B. was expecting C. am expecting D. have expected,B,5) The robot _ my mother sweep the floor when she got home. (2018辽宁葫芦岛) A. was helping B. is helping C. will help D. helps,A

31、,6) I have seen the film The Jurassic World 侏罗纪世界. Its very interesting. Really? When _ you _ it? (2018黑龙江哈尔滨) A. have, seen B. did, see C. will, see,B,7) If it _ sunny, we _ camping this weekend. (2018四川遂宁) A. get; will go B. gets; will go C. gets; go D. will get; go,B,8) My sister _ the piano very

32、 well, but she hasnt had time to play recently. (2018湖北武汉中考) A. will play B. has played C. played D. plays,D,9) Listen! Mr. Black _ a talk on robots in the hall. （2018重庆B卷） A. gives B. is giving C. will gave D. gave,B,10) Liu Chuanjian, the command pilot of Sichuan Airlines Flight 3U8633, successful

33、ly _ down the plane last month. (2018江苏宿迁) A. has brought B will bring C. brought D. bring,C,11) Have you ever been to South Tower Park? Yes. I _ there a few months ago. (2018湖南郴州) A. went B. have been C. have gone,A,12) Jerry, have you ever been to the Great Wall? Yes. I _ there with my parents las

34、t year. (2018天津) A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone,B,13) Yesterday, I _ the subway home when I suddenly found I was on the wrong line. (2018四川成都中考) A. took B. was taking C. had taken,B,14) We _ to Yun Brocade Museum with the exchange students this coming summer holiday. Thats amazing! (2018南京) A

35、. went B. go C. have gone D. will go,D,15) Before the sun _, we need to get to the top of the mountain. (2018安徽) A. set B. sets C. is setting D. will set,B,16) They dont live here any longer. They _ to Chengdu last month. (2018重庆A) A. move B. moved C. will move D. are moving,B,17) Honey, where are you? I _. Just let me put on my shoes. (2018河南中考) A. come B. came C. am coming D. have come,C,18) Honey, where are you? I _. Just let me put on my shoes. (2018河南中考) A. come B. came C. am coming D. have come,C,