2023年初一上册英语语法 介词.pptx

1、主讲者：XXX英语语法 English Grammar第1课 Introduction 概述第8章Prepositions 介词12知道介词在句子中的功能。知道介词的分类，能识别介词。学习目标What is a preposition?我们先回到第1章第2课的句子：The last man on Earth was alone in a room and suddenly he heard a knock on the door.如果将划线词去掉后的句子是：The last man Earth was alone a room and suddenly he heard a knock the

2、 door.最后一个人，地球，孤单，一个房间，和，突然，他听到，一声敲击声，门。整个句子感觉被切割成独立的毫不相干的单元，让人理解起来很费劲，当然这也就不能称其为“句子”了。但如果我们加上了那些词，整个句子就被串联起来，感觉这些词具有一种中介的作用，所以称为“介词”。从这个意义上来讲，你可以把介词理解为连接前后两个词的中介词，它体现的是前后两个词的关系。What is a preposition?A preposition is a word used to link nouns,pronouns,or phrases to other words within a sentence.They

3、 act to connect the people,objects,XXXe and locations of a sentence.Prepositions are usually short words,and they are normally placed directly in front of nouns.介词(preposition)是用来把名词、代词或短语与句子中的其他词联系起来的词。它们的作用是连接句子中的人、对象、时间和位置。介词通常是短词，通常直接放在名词前面（介词的英文单词叫preposition,pre-表示“在前面”，position 表示“位置”，preposi

4、tion就是“在前面的位置”，所以代词亦称“前置词”）。What is a preposition?Prepositions are regarded as a closed class of words in the English language.This means,unlike verbs and nouns,no new words are added to this group over XXXe.In a way,it reflects their role as the functional workhorse of the sentence.They are unassum

5、ing and subtle,yet vitally important to the meaning of language.介词在英语中被看作是一个“封闭词类”（closed class)。这意味着，与动词和名词不同，随着时间的推移，没有新词被添加到这个词类中。从某种意义上说，这反映了介词作为句子的功能主力的作用。它们低调而微妙，但对语言的意义至关重要。在英语口语中，介词的使用频率非常高，往往通过介词来表达动词的含义，这是英文思维有别于中文思维的一大特点。对于“封闭词类”，我们可以集中一段时间把它们全部一次突破。Types of Prepositions 介词的类型Preposition

6、of space 空间介词Preposition of XXXe 时间介词Preposition with nouns 名词+介词Preposition with adjectives 形容词+介词Preposition with verbs 动词+介词 Preposition of Space Preposition of XXXe Preposition with Nouns Preposition with Adjectives Preposition with Verbs Most Common Prepositions最常用介词列表 Exercise 1 Decide which t

7、ype of preposition the underlined word is.判断划线介词属于哪种类型。仿照例子在括号里写出类型的代号。Preposition of space 空间介词(Type 1)Preposition of XXXe 时间介词(Type 2)Preposition with nouns 名词+介词(Type 3)Preposition with adjectives 形容词+介词(Type 4)Preposition with verbs 动词+介词(Type 5)Ex.He sat on a rock.(Type 5)1 The baby just smiled

8、 at me.()2 Could you tell me the answer to the question?()3 There is a cat in the tunnel.()4 Jim is crazy about Michael Jackson.()5 I get up at 5 a.m.every day.()Exercise 2 Underline the prepositions in the sentences.Each sentence contains at least two prepositions.在每句中的介词下面画下划线。每句至少有两个介词。1 We went

9、through the door and snuck into the bank.2 We were looking for the money that was kept in the safe.3 There was a guard with a gun standing beside the safe.4 We tried sneaking by him,but my friend tripped over a mop.5 The guard grabbed him by the neck,but I snuck around him and knocked him down.Answe

10、r Key to Exercise 1 Decide which type of preposition the underlined word is.判断划线介词属于哪种类型。仿照例子在括号里写出类型的代号。Preposition of space 空间介词(Type 1)Preposition of XXXe 时间介词(Type 2)Preposition with nouns 名词+介词(Type 3)Preposition with adjectives 形容词+介词(Type 4)Preposition with verbs 动词+介词(Type 5)Ex.He sat on a r

11、ock.(Type 5)1 The baby just smiled at me.(Type 5 )2 Could you tell me the answer to the question?(Type 3 )3 There is a cat in the tunnel.(Type 1 )4 Jim is crazy about Michael Jackson.(Type 4 )5 I get up at 5 a.m.every day.(Type 2 )Answer Key to Exercise 2 Underline the prepositions in the sentences.

12、Each sentence contains at least two prepositions.在每句中的介词下面画下划线。每句至少有两个介词。1 We went through the door and snuck into the bank.2 We were looking for the money that was kept in the safe.3 There was a guard with a gun standing beside the safe.4 We tried sneaking by him,but my friend tripped over a mop.5

13、The guard grabbed him by the neck,but I snuck around him and knocked him down.主讲者：XXX英语语法 English Grammar第8课 Preposition of XXXe 时间介词1第8章Prepositions 介词12体会时间介词at,on,in随时间单位的变大而渐变的过程。熟记A Train of XXXe图表，从而正确运用时间介词at,on,in。学习目标Preposition of XXXe Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with at,on and in accord

14、ing to A Train of XXXe.根据A Train of XXXe图表用at,on,in填空。1()the 21st century2()lunch3()the future4()night5()the night6()20207()the afternoon8()a winter night9()October 1st10()the pastExercise 2 Fill in the blanks with at,on and in according to A Train of XXXe.根据A Train of XXXe图表用at,on,in填空。1 I get up()

15、5 a.m.every morning.2 Judy will get a lot of presents()her birthday.3 We went outside()a Sunday morning.4 Do you stay at home()weekends?5 Were your father born()March?6 What do you usually do()Mondays?7 I was younger()that XXXe.8 It often snows()winter.9 Lots of rock bands were formed()the 1970s.10

16、Do you want to live()the 19th century?Answer Key to Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with at,on and in according to A Train of XXXe.根据A Train of XXXe图表用at,on,in填空。1(in )the 21st century2(at )lunch3(in )the future4(at )night5(in )the night6(in )20207(in )the afternoon8(on )a winter night9(on )October 1s

17、t10(in )the pastAnswer Key to Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with at,on and in according to A Train of XXXe.根据A Train of XXXe图表用at,on,in填空。1 I get up(at )5 a.m.every morning.2 Judy will get a lot of presents(on )her birthday.3 We went outside(on )a Sunday morning.4 Do you stay at home(on )weekends?5

18、Were your father born(in )March?6 What do you usually do(on )Mondays?7 I was younger(at )that XXXe.8 It often snows(in )winter.9 Lots of rock bands were formed(in )the 1970s.10 Do you want to live(in )the 19th century?主讲者：XXX英语语法 English Grammar第9课 Preposition of XXXe 时间介词2第8章Prepositions 介词12重点掌握in

19、,since,for,by的用法。熟记A Test Day图表，正确运用图中的时间介词。学习目标Exercise 1 Choose the right answer.根据A Test Day图表选择正确答案。1 You are not allowed to enter the classroom until 9:50.()A You can enter the classroom at 9:50.B You can enter the classroom at 9:45.2 If you arrive earlier,you need to wait until 9:50.()A If you

20、 arrive at 9:43,you dont have to wait.B If you arrive at 9:40,you have to wait.3 Its 10:00 now.The test has been going on for 2 hours.()A The test ended at 12:00.B The test started at 8:00.4 Your test papers need to be submitted by 11:00.()A You can submit your test paper at 11:10.B You can submit y

21、our test paper at 11:00.5 Its 10:00 now.You can go home in 15 minutes.()A You can go home at 10:10.B You can go home at 10:18.Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with prepositions of XXXe according to A Test Day.根据A Test Day图表用相关介词填空。1 表示“直到为止”用介词（）。2 表示“在期间”用介词（）。3 表示“持续了(一段时间）”用介词（）。4 表示“不晚于”用介词（）。5 表示“

22、（以现在为起点的一段时间）之后”用介词（）。Answer Key to Exercise 1 Choose the right answer.根据A Test Day图表选择正确答案。1 You are not allowed to enter the classroom until 9:50.(A )A You can enter the classroom at 9:50.B You can enter the classroom at 9:45.2 If you arrive earlier,you need to wait until 9:50.(B )A If you arrive

23、at 9:43,you dont have to wait.B If you arrive at 9:40,you have to wait.3 Its 10:00 now.The test has been going on for 2 hours.(B )A The test ended at 12:00.B The test started at 8:00.4 Your test papers need to be submitted by 11:00.(B )A You can submit your test paper at 11:10.B You can submit your

24、test paper at 11:00.5 Its 10:00 now.You can go home in 15 minutes.(B )A You can go home at 10:10.B You can go home at 10:18.Answer Key to Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with prepositions of XXXe according to A Test Day.根据A Test Day图表用相关介词填空。1 表示“直到为止”用介词（until ）。2 表示“在期间”用介词（during/in the middle of ）

25、。3 表示“持续了(一段时间）”用介词（for ）。4 表示“不晚于”用介词（by ）。5 表示“（以现在为起点的一段时间）之后”用介词（in ）。主讲者：XXX英语语法 English Grammar第2课 Preposition of Space 空间介词1第8章Prepositions 介词12体会空间动词的静态和动态属性。正确运用空间动词。学习目标Preposition of Space The ball is outside the box.(静）The ball gets into the box.(动）The ball gets out of the box.(动）The bal

26、l is in the box.(静）Preposition of Space The ball is outside the box.(静）The ball gets onto the box.(动）The ball gets off the box.(动）The ball is on the box.(静）Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。(1)The ball is _ the box.(2)The ball gets _the box.(3)The ba

27、ll gets _ the box.(4)The ball is _ the box.Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。(1)The ball is _ the box.(2)The ball gets _ the box.(3)The ball gets _ the box.(4)The ball is _ the box.Answer Key to Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with the correct preposit

28、ions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。(1)The ball is outside the box.(2)The ball gets into the box.(3)The ball gets out of the box.(4)The ball is in/inside the box.Answer Key to Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。(1)The ball is outside the box.(2)The ball gets

29、 onto the box.(3)The ball gets off the box.(4)The ball is on the box.主讲者：XXX英语语法 English Grammar第3课 Preposition of Space 空间介词2第8章Prepositions 介词12体会空间介词的静态和动态属性。正确运用空间介词。学习目标Preposition of Space The ball goes up the pyramid.(动）The ball goes down the pyramid.(动）The ball is at the foot of the pyramid.

30、(静）The ball is on top of the pyramid.(静）Preposition of Space Ball A is above the box.Ball B is over the box.Ball C is above the box.Ball D is beside the box.Ball E is beside the box.Ball F is under the box.Ball H is below the box.Ball K is below the box.Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with the correct

31、 prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。(1)The ball goes _ the pyramid.(2)The ball goes _the pyramid.(3)The ball is _ the pyramid.(4)The ball is _ the pyramid.Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。(1)Ball A is _ the box.(2)Ball B is _ the box.(3)Ball C is

32、_ the box.(4)Ball D is _ the box.(5)Ball E is _ the box.(6)Ball F is _ the box.(7)Ball H is _ the box.(8)Ball K is _ the box.Answer Key to Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。(1)The ball goes up the pyramid.(2)The ball goes down the pyramid.(3)The ball

33、 is at the foot of the pyramid.(4)The ball is on top of the pyramid.Answer Key to Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。(1)Ball A is above the box.(2)Ball B is over the box.(3)Ball C is above the box.(4)Ball D is beside the box.(5)Ball E is beside the bo

34、x.(6)Ball F is under the box.(7)Ball H is below the box.(8)Ball K is below the box.主讲者：XXX英语语法 English Grammar第4课 Preposition of Space 空间介词3第8章Prepositions 介词12体会空间介词的静态和动态属性。正确运用空间介词。学习目标Preposition of Space Ball A stands far from the box.Ball B stands near/around/close to the box.Ball C stands by/

35、beside/next to the box.Ball D stands against the box.Preposition of Space Ball A is ahead of ball B and ball C.Ball B is after ball A.Ball C is after ball A.Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。1 Ball A stands _ the box.2 Ball B stands _ the box.3 Ball

36、C stands _ the box.4 Ball D stands _ the box.beside against far from around Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。1 Ball A is _ball B and ball C.2 Ball B is _ ball A.3 Ball C is _ ball A.ahead of afterAnswer Key to Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with the

37、correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。1 Ball A stands far from the box.2 Ball B stands around the box.3 Ball C stands beside the box.4 Ball D stands against the box.beside against far from around Answer Key to Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空

38、。1 Ball A is ahead of ball B and ball C.2 Ball B is after ball A.3 Ball C is after ball A.ahead of after主讲者：XXX英语语法 English Grammar第5课 Preposition of Space 空间介词4第8章Prepositions 介词12体会空间介词的静态和动态属性。正确运用空间介词。学习目标Preposition of Space Ball A goes along the road.Ball B goes across the road.Ball C goes alo

39、ng the river.Ball D goes over/across the bridge.Preposition of Space The virus has spread across the globe.The virus has spread throughout the globe.The virus has spread around the world.The virus has spread all over the world.Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示

40、用正确的空间介词填空。1 Ball A goes _ the road.2 Ball B goes _ the road.3 Ball C goes _ the river.4 Ball D goes _ the bridge.5 Ball D goes _ the bridge.across along over Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。1 The virus has spread _ the globe.2 The virus has spread

41、 _ the globe.3 The virus has spread _ the world.4 The virus has spread _ the world.all over around throughout acrossAnswer Key to Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。1 Ball A goes along the road.2 Ball B goes across the road.3 Ball C goes along the riv

42、er.4 Ball D goes across the bridge.5 Ball D goes over the bridge.across along over Answer Key to Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。1 The virus has spread across the globe.2 The virus has spread through the globe.3 The virus has spread around the worl

43、d.4 The virus has spread all over the world.all over around throughout across主讲者：XXX英语语法 English Grammar第6课 Preposition of Space 空间介词5第8章Prepositions 介词12体会空间介词的静态和动态属性。正确运用空间介词。学习目标Preposition of Space F stands at the door.P sits at the desk.E sits across(the aisle)from/opposite A.A sits in front o

44、f/before B.C sits behind B.B sits in the middle of/among the students.T sits between D and K.C sits opposite D.Beyond C sits H.oppositeExercise 1 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。1 F stands _ the door.2 P sits _ the desk.3 E sits _ A.4 A sits _ B.5 C sits _ B.

45、6 B sits _ the students.7 T sits _ D and K.8 C sits _ D._ C sits H.among beyond behind betweenat opposite in front of Exercise 2 True or false.根据图示判断下列描述是否正确。正确填T，错误填F。1 P sits before E.()2 T sits across the aisle from B.()3 K sits in the middle of the students.()4 H sits behind P.Beyond P sits E.()

46、5 D sits on the desk.()Answer Key to Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。1 F stands at the door.2 P sits at the desk.3 E sits opposite A.4 A sits in front of B.5 C sits behind B.6 B sits among the students.7 T sits between D and K.8 C sits opposite D.B

47、eyond C sits H.among beyond behind betweenat opposite in front of Answer Key to Exercise 2 True or false.根据图示判断下列描述是否正确。正确填T，错误填F。1 P sits before E.(F )2 T sits across the aisle from B.(T )3 K sits in the middle of the students.(F )4 H sits behind P.Beyond P sits E.(T )5 D sits on the desk.(F )主讲者：X

48、XX英语语法 English Grammar第7课 Preposition of Space 空间介词6第8章Prepositions 介词12体会空间介词的静态和动态属性。正确运用空间介词。学习目标Preposition of Space Ball A goes through the box.Ball B goes around the box.Ball C goes under the box.Ball D goes over the box.Preposition of Space The ball moves toward the box.The ball moves past th

49、e box.The ball moves away from the box.Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。1（)2（）3（）4 Ball D goes（)the box.5 Ball A goes（)the box.6 Ball B goes（)the box.7 Ball C goes（)the box.Exercise 2 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确

50、的空间介词填空。1 The ball moves()the box.2 The ball moves()the box.3 The ball moves()the box.Answer Key to Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions of space.根据图示用正确的空间介词填空。1（toward )2（past ）3（away from ）4 Ball D goes（over )the box.5 Ball A goes（through )the box.6 Ball B goes（around )the