2020年福建中考英语复习课件专题十六　短文填空.pptx

1、Passage 1(2019福建) 阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意 义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Before paper was invented, people wrote or drew on materials such as bamboo, 1 /slk/, animal hide, and wooden blocks. Writing materials were 2 (real) expensive and few people learned to read. Therefore, few people

2、 wrote. This all changed, thanks 3 a man named Cai Lun. Paper had already existed(存在) in China, but the process for 4 (produce) it was difficult and the paper was of low quality. Cai Lun began experimenting(试验) with many different materials and different 5 (method) to turn those materials into paper

3、. In the year 105, he made it from tree bark, bamboo, cloth rags, and fishing nets. His paper was 6 (strong) and cheaper than any paper that had been made before.,A组 20152019年福建中考题组,With Cai Luns papermaking method, Chinese culture 7 /ru/ more rapidly over the next several cen- turies. Thats because

4、 ideas were much easier to share 8 more people learned to read. The use of paper spread abroad, helping 9 / cultures record and spread their ideas. Today, Cai Lun is considered a national hero in China. But 10 whole world should remember the clever Chinese papermaker forever. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

5、 9. 10.,答案 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了蔡伦造纸的过程及纸给人们生活带来的变化。 1.silk 由音标可知答案为silk。牢记元音字母发音规律,i开音节发/a/,闭音节发/。 2.really 此处应用副词修饰形容词expensive, 故答案为really。 3.to 固定短语:thanks to多亏,由于。 4.producing for为介词,后面的动词应用v.-ing形式。produce应去掉不发音的e,加-ing,故答案为producing。 5.methods 由different可知,此处应用名词的复数形式,故填methods。 6.stronger 由设空处

6、后的and cheaper可知,strong也应当用比较级,故填stronger。 7.grew 结合音标可知为grew。ew组合发音不常见,有一定难度,grew为grow的过去式。 8.and 分析句子结构可知,“ideas were much easier to share”和“more people learned to read”是并列关 系,两个分句用and连接。,深度解析 考生应当对句子结构充分理解和分析,才可顺利完成本题,否则很容易填错,误认为是固定短语 share.with.。 9.other 根据句意及音标可知答案。句意:纸的使用传播到国外,帮助其他文化记录并传播它们的思想。

7、 10.the the whole world整个世界。,长难句 Thats because ideas were much easier to share and more people learned to read.那是因为观点更容易分享并 且更多的人学习阅读。 句中because引导表语从句。从句中and连接两个并列的分句。,重点词汇 paper n.纸;material n.材料;expensive adj.昂贵的;different adj.不同的;culture n.文化;consider v.认 为,以为,词汇积累 wooden adj.木头的,木制的;process n.过程

8、,Passage 2(2018福建) 阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准 确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Lonnie Johnson always loved taking things apart(分开).He 1 /smtamz/put them back together. Other times he made new things from different 2 (part). He learned how to use tools from his dad. At 13, Lonnie put an old

9、engine(发动机)on a homemade go-cart. He loved driving it around. He dreamed of be- ing 3 inventor. By high school, Lonnie built a remote-control robot from some waste things. This won him first prize at the Alabama State Science Fair. His friends called 4 “The Little Scientist”.In college, Lonnie was a

10、n excellent student. After that, he 5 (become)an Air Force officer, rocket scientist and business leader. 6 he never stopped inventing. You may have played with his most famous inventionthe Super Soaker, a kind of water gun. Lonnie got the idea for this 7 /t/while working on another invention. When

11、he tested a homemade part in his bathroom, it shot water 8 /krs/the room.,Today, Dr. Lonnie Johnson has more than 100 9 (use)inventions. However, he still keeps 10 (try)new things. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.,答案 语篇解读 主人公Lonnie喜欢拆卸物品,有时把它们组装起来,有时从不同的元件里组装出新的东西。渐渐 地,他成为一个发明家,发明了许多东西。现在他拥有100多样发明,但他

12、仍然坚持尝试新的事物。 1.sometimes 本题考查音标。由音标可知本空填sometimes。 2.parts 本题考查名词复数。part表示“零部件”时是可数名词,根据语义可知用复数形式parts。 3.an 本题考查不定冠词的使用。由句意可知,他梦想成为一名发明家,所以填写不定冠词。由于inventor 是以元音音素开头的单词,所以填an。 4.him 本题考查代词。由句意可知,他的朋友们称他为“小发明家”,所以要填宾格代词him作宾语。 5.became 本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知,此处表示过去的动作,应用一般过去时,所以填became。 6.But 本题考查连词的使用。由语境

13、可知,上下文是转折的关系,所以填But。 7.toy 本题考查音标。由音标可知应填toy。 8.across 本题考查音标。由音标可知应填across。 9.useful 本题考查形容词的用法。形容词用来修饰名词,此处应用形容词useful修饰inventions。 10.trying 本题考查非谓语动词。keep后面应使用动名词形式,所以填trying。,Passage 3(2017福建) 阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准 确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。,The Chongyang Festival is a tradi

14、tional Chinese festival. It is celebrated on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. Its also 1 (call)the Double Ninth Festival. The festival started as 2 /li/as the Warring States Period(475221 BC). It has a history of more than 1,700 years. Among the numbers from zero to nine, nine is the 3 (high)

15、 odd number(奇数). People believe that two“nines”meeting together stand for a long life. So it is a special holiday 4 Chinese people to show,love and respect for their elders. They hold many 5 (kind)of activities in honor of old people, wishing them good 6 /hel/and a long life. The festival comes duri

16、ng the golden time of 7 /fl/. On the day, people traditionally drink chrysanthe- mum(菊花)wine, eat Double-Ninth Cakes 8 climb mountains. They also carry a kind of plant named dog- wood. People in ancient times believed that 9 plant could drive away evil(邪恶的)spirits and prevent them from 10 (catch)an

17、illness in winter. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.,答案 语篇解读 本文讲述的是重阳节这一中国传统节日,重点讲述了节日的由来、传统习俗和寓意。 1.called 它也被称作重九节。根据语义可知本句应为被动语态,应用过去分词called。 2.early 这个节日最早起源于战国时期。根据句意及音标可知填early。 3.highest 在0到9这几个数字中,9是最大的奇数。根据句意可知应填最高级highest。 4.for 因此它对于中国人来说是一个向老年人表达爱和敬意的特殊节日。根据语义本空填for。 5.kinds 为了向老人表达敬意,他们举办

18、多种活动,祝福老人健康长寿。kind为可数名词,意为“种类”, many kinds of.意为“许多种类的”。 6.health 由音标和本空前的形容词good可知本空应填名词health。 7.fall 这个节日在金秋时节来临。根据句意和所给音标可知应填fall。 8.and 在那天,人们通常喝菊花酒,吃重阳糕,并且登高。本句含有几个并列的动词短语,应用and 连接。 9.the 古时候人们认为这种植物能驱邪,防止他们冬天染上疾病。上文出现了a kind of plant,本空为第二次 提到plant,重复出现的名词前应用冠词the,故本空填the。 10.catching 前面有介词fr

19、om,所以本空应用动名词形式。,Passage 4(2016福州) 阅读下面短文,根据中文、首字母、音标或语境的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词,要求所填的单 词意义准确,拼写正确。 In New York City public schools, 176 different languages are spokena 1 more than one million students. For 160,000 children, English is not their first language. New Yorks Department of Education makes lear

20、ning b 2 for these students by providing dual-language(双语)programs. Students are taught in two languages, English and 3 one, such as French, German or Japanese. Math, social studies, science and all other regular courses are taught in both languages. And they learn about the 4 /klt(r)/ of the other

21、country. Milady Baez, a headmaster, says these dual-language programs will help children succeed in the future. “The jobs of the future 5 /rkwa(r)/ that our students know more than one language. Theyre going to travel 6 (在国外) and communicate with people from all over the world. This will open doors

22、for them.” Shuya Zhang 7 (教) a dual-language class. She says, “America started economic relationships with China. Lots of factories were b 8 ;companies moved to China. They need people with both language skills.”,Anna, a Russian girl came to America 9 she was two years old. She says the Russian-Engl

23、ish program keeps her connected to her heritage and her parents happy. Nowadays, more and more 10 (外国人) come to China. Perhaps in the future, your school will also provide them with the dual-language program. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.,答案 语篇解读 美国的公立学校为学生们提供双语教育,让他们了解其他国家的文化,以便他们更好地与世界交流。 1.among

24、 根据语境可知,这里要使用介词,再结合句意:超过100万名学生讲176种不同的语言。由此可知答 案。 2.better 根据句意可知,纽约教育部通过提供双语计划使学生学习得更好。由此可知答案。 3.another 根据句意可知,这里说的是另外一门语言。由此可知答案。 4.culture 根据音标可知答案。 5.require 根据音标可知答案。 6.abroad 根据汉语提示可知答案。 7.teaches 根据汉语提示可知答案。注意时态是一般现在时,人称是第三人称单数。 8.built 根据句意可知,这里说的是很多工厂被建设。由此可知答案。 9.when 句意为:Anna,一个俄国女孩,她在2

25、岁的时候来到美国。由此可知答案。 10.foreigners 根据汉语提示和语境可知,这里应该使用该名词的复数形式。由此可知答案。,Passage 5(2016漳州) 阅读下面的短文,根据中文、音标或语境的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词。 On April 21, the Olympic flame (火焰) was lit at the Temple of Hera in southern Greece. This 1 (意味着) the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games in August is coming close. The flame was

26、 first lit at the 1928 games in Amsterdam. So far, about 90 years has passed and the flame has traveled around the world, reaching Mount Everest and even outer 2 /spes/. The Olympic flame stands 3 the positive ideas that man has always connected with fire. It is also a 4 /br d/ between the ancient a

27、nd modern Olympic Games. It is a tradition to pass the flame around 5 the start of the Olympic Games. This is called the torch relay. For the Rio Olympics, there will be about 12,000 torchbearers (火炬手) during the relay. The special thing is, for the first time in 6 /hstri/, a Syrian refugee (叙利亚难民)

28、was among the torchbearers who passed the,torch in Greece. It wanted to show a message:sports can 7 the world better. There are also some Chinese faces that you may know, for example, Chinese 8 (男演员) Yang Yang, who just finished passing the flame in Greece. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.,答案 语篇解读 本文主要介绍了奥运火

29、炬的相关知识。 1.means 根据汉语提示和后面的is可知,这里应该使用一般现在时。 2.space 根据音标提示可知答案。 3.for stand for为固定搭配,意为“代表”。 4.bridge 根据音标提示可知答案。 5.before 根据句意可知答案。 6.history 根据音标提示可知答案。 7.make 根据文意和句子的语法结构可知答案。 8.actor 根据汉语提示可知答案。,Passage 6(2015福州) 阅读下面短文,根据中文、首字母、音标或语境的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词,要求所填的单 词意义准确,拼写正确。,The Silk Road is a his

30、torically important international trade route(路线)between China and the Mediterranean (地中海).It began 1 (在期间)the Western Han Dynasty and has been a b 2 between East and West for over 2,000 years.,The ancient road started from Changan(now Xian) and ended in Eastern 3 jrp,near todays Turkey and the Medi

31、terranean Sea.It was about 6,500 kilometers long and went across one-fourth of the planet. The Silk Road got its name b 4 Chinese silk used to be carried along this road.Silk,jade,ceramics and iron w 5 west to Rome.And from the west came glass,gems and food like carrots and sesame. The Silk Road was

32、 very important to both China and the rest of the world.It was 6 than an ancient interna- tional trade route.Besides trade, 7 nldabout arts,science and literature,as well as crafts(工艺)and technologies was 8 (分享)across the Silk Road.In this way,languages and cultures 9 (发展)and influ- enced each other

33、. Today,along the Silk Road therere many places of 10 ,such as the Terracotta Warriors in Xian and Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang.Now a new train line runs from Beijing across the Silk Road. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.,答案 语篇解读 本文是说明文。介绍了丝绸之路的历史形成、地位和作用。 1.during 句意:它开始于西汉期间而且已经成为东西方之间的桥梁长达2,000多年。 2.

34、bridge 由设空处后的between.and.及句意可知。 3.Europe 由音标可知填Europe。 4.because 句意:丝绸之路得名是因为中国的丝绸过去常常沿这条路运送。 5.went 由句意可知是指通过西方到罗马。 6.more 句意:这不仅是一条古老的国际贸易路线。more than在这里意为“不仅仅”,下文的besides对此空 有提示作用。 7.knowledge 由音标可知填knowledge。 8.shared 由设空处前的was和本句的主语(动作的承受者)可知应用被动语态。 9.developed 由设空处后的and influenced可知此处应用一般过去时。

35、10.interest many places of interest许多有趣的地方。,Passage 7(2015漳州) 阅读下面的短文,根据中文、音标或语境的提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词。 The Milan World Exposition (博览会) started on May 1st, and will run until October 31st. Its theme is “Feed- ing the planet, Energy for life”. There are 145 countries at the exposition. They pay special

36、 attention 1 food safety and other food problems. You can see this theme from their pavilions(场馆). Germany The countrys pavilion is the largest one in the exposition. It is 2 (称作) “Fields of Ideas”. People can get into the pavilion along a slope (斜坡). The slope is made of different kinds of 3 /wud/.

37、 That makes it look like a German field with wild grass and flowers. Inside the pavilion, there are shows including how to 4 /r / different kinds of food. At the southwest 5 (角落) of the pavilion, people can enjoy some plays. China Look at this pavilion. It has the theme “Hopeful farmland, the source

38、 of life”. And it is the 6 (第二) largest pavilion in the exposition. People used bamboo 7 the roof of the building. This way, sunlight can,shine through. In the pavilion, some shows are about the traditional ways of making food such as tofu and 8 / ti/. There are also shows about Chinas agriculture.

39、1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.,答案 语篇解读 本文介绍了米兰世界博览会的两个场馆。 1.to 此处考查固定短语pay attention to.(关心,关注)。 2.called 此处考查的是被动语态,此句意为“它被称作思想的田野”。 3.wood 根据音标可知,此处应填wood。 4.grow 根据音标可知,此处应填grow。 5.corner at the corner of意为“在的角落”。 6.second 根据汉语提示可知本空填序数词。 7.as use.as.意为“把用于/当做”。 8.tea 根据音标可知,此处应填tea。,Passage 8(2015莆田) 根

40、据短文内容和以下提示:1)首字母提示,2)语境提示,3)汉语提示,在每一个空格内填上一个适当的英语单 词。所填单词要求意义正确,拼写正确。 These days our government is aiming to build an “economized (节约) society”. 1 (作为) students, you can do something that you can. First, save things. Youd better walk to school or 2 a bike instead of taking a car. Turn off the l 3 as

41、 soon as you leave the classroom. Remember to turn off the tap right after washing your hands. When you go out to eat in a 4 (餐馆), ask for smaller dishes and take leftovers (剩菜) h 5 . Before you buy something new, think 6 it is necessary or not. Second, use things for as long as p 7 . When you buy t

42、hings, make sure that they can 8 a long time. Don t use a paper cup or a paper bag. Its better to use a china cup because you can use it again. Finally, collect what can be 9 (回收利用) in your classroom, such as waste paper and soft drink cans. They can save money and protect the environment.,In genera

43、l, I think one thing we should keep in mind is that 10 matter what a small effort we make, it will make a difference. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.,答案 语篇解读 文中介绍了我们怎样做才能推进节约型社会的形成。 1.As 根据汉语提示可知答案。注意首字母要大写。 2.ride 根据句子语法结构可知,此处应该使用动词原形,结合句意“骑自行车”,可知答案。 3.lights 根据此处的语境,我们可以推知此处表达的是在离开教室时随手关灯。 4.rest

44、aurant 根据汉语提示和前面的不定冠词a可知,这里应该使用名词的单数形式。 5.home 结合句意可知,此处是说把剩菜带回家。 6.whether 根据本句后面的“or not”可知,此处应该使用whether构成whether.or not结构。 7.possible as.as possible为固定结构,意为“尽可能地”。 8.last 根据语境可以推知此处需要使用动词原形。结合句意可知,买东西时,应确保它能持续用很长时间, last意为“持续”。 9.recycled 根据语境可知此处应该使用动词的过去分词形式,与be连用表示被动。 10.no no matter what意为“无

45、论多么”。,Passage 1(2019潍坊,B) 阅读下面短文,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词。(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) She used to sleep on the sidewalk of the Fifth Street Post Office. I could smell her before I came close. She 1 (wear)dirty clothes and her mouth was nearly toothless. If she was not asleep, she talked to 2 (she). What a p

46、oor old lady! One Thanksgiving, we had lots of food 3 (leave) over. I thought about the old lady. She might be still hun- gry. So I packed the food up and rode over to the Fifth Street. It was a cold night. There was hardly anyone out. But I knew she would stay at the same place and I would find her

47、 4 (easy). There she was, sitting against a tree near the post office. She 5 (dress)as she always was. I went to her and said,“Ive brought you some food. Would you like some turkey and apple pie?”,B组 20152019年全国中考题组,However, the old woman didnt seem to be very 6 (excite)about this. She looked at me

48、and said,“Oh, thank you very much, but someone 7 (give) me food earlier and Im quite full now. Why dont you take it to someone else who 8 (need)it?” Her manners were gracious(亲切的). I was the person who didnt know what 9 (say). An old lady whose life was 10 (bad) than most of us still thought about others. Why dont more of us do that? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.,答案 语篇解读 本文为记叙文。作者讲述了在第五街邮局的人行道上睡觉的一位老妇人的故事。她的生活很 糟糕,但是她仍然想着别人,这让作者很感动。 1.wore 从上下