2020年河南中考英语复习课件专题一　名词.pptx

1、A组 20152019年河南中考题组,1.(2019河南,33)For his sons birthday, Steven is taking him to the new movie as a . A.task B.treat C.choice D.visit,答案 B 句意:为了庆祝儿子的生日,Steven打算带他去看新电影作为款待。本题考查名词词义辨析。A. 任务;B.款待;C.选择;D.拜访。as a treat作为款待,故选B项。,2.(2018河南,23)Its useless to regret what has been done. Dont make those mistak

2、es again. I wont. Thats a(n) . A.order B.decision C.promise D.agreement,答案 C 句意:后悔已经做过的事情是没有用的,不要再犯那些错误了。我不会了,这是一个承 诺(我承诺)。本题考查名词词义辨析。A.订单,命令;B.决定;C.承诺;D.协定。根据句意可知“我发誓不再 犯那些错误了”。,3.(2017河南,23)If you fight hard, know who you are, and are proud of who you are, youve got a good of winning. A.choice B.c

3、hance C.decision D.direction,答案 B 句意:如果你努力拼搏,知道你是谁,而且你为自己感到骄傲,那么你就已经得到了获胜的机会。 本题考查名词词义辨析。choice选择;chance机会;decision决定;direction方向。故选B项。,4.(2016河南,22)Are you going out with Jade tonight? Thats my . Mind your own! A.offer B.business C.question D.chance,答案 B 句意:你今晚要和Jade一起外出吗?那是我的事,管好你自己吧!本题考查名词词义辨 析。o

4、ffer提议;business归(某人)管的事;question问题;chance机会。根据“Mind your own!”可知选择B项。,知识拓展 Thats my business.那是我的事。Mind your own business!少管闲事!Its none of your business. 这与你无关。,5.(2015河南,22)Is this photo taken in Tibet? Yes.You can see beautiful snow mountains in the of the photo. A.form B.background C.shape D.intr

5、oduction,答案 B 句意:这张照片是在西藏拍的吗?是的,你可以在照片的背景中看到美丽的雪山。本题 考查名词词义辨析。form形式;background背景;shape形状;introduction介绍。根据句意可知选择B项。,知识拓展 in the background of以为背景;in the form of以形式;in the shape of呈形状,B组 20152019年全国中考题组,1.(2019天津,23)The of this activity is to raise money for a new hospital. A.silence B.purpose C.cul

6、ture D.language,答案 B 句意:这个活动的目的是为一所新医院募捐。本题考查名词词义辨析。silence寂静,安静;pur- pose目的;culture 文化;language 语言。由句意可知本题答案为B。,2.(2019河北,27)I like this song. Its by one of my favorite . A.singers B.dancers C.painters D.writers,答案 A 句意:我喜欢这首歌。它是由我最喜欢的歌手之一演唱的。本题考查名词词义辨析。A选项意 为“歌手”; B选项意为“舞者”;C选项意为“画家”;D选项意为“作家”。根据句

7、意可知本题选择A。,3.(2019安徽,32)You can see the in our faces when we talk about the great achievements in the past 70 years. A.doubt B.pride C.regret D.ability,答案 B 句意:当我们谈论过去70年的伟大成就时,你可以看到我们的脸上洋溢着自豪。本题考查名词词 义辨析。A选项意思为“怀疑”;B选项意思为“自豪”;C选项意思为“后悔”;D选项意思为“能力”。 因为谈到过去的伟大成就,所以不自觉地流露出自豪的神情。,4.(2019江西,31)My daughte

8、r helps me cook, but she isnt old enough to be left alone in the . A.bedroom B.classroom C.lab D.kitchen,答案 D 句意:我女儿帮我做饭,但她还没到可以独自待在厨房里的年龄。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据 前句中的cook可知,这里应该说的是厨房。故选择D。,5.(2019山东青岛,1)Lucy, how about going to the ? Sounds great! Reading books can give us much pleasure. A.library B.cinema C

9、.museum D.concert,答案 A 句意:露西,去图书馆怎么样?听起来很好!读书能给我们很多乐趣。本题考查名词词义 辨析。答语中提到读书的好处,由此可知是提议去看书,应该去图书馆。故选A。library图书馆;cinema电影 院;museum博物馆;concert音乐会。,6.(2019江苏南京,13)Tomorrow is Mums birthday. Lets buy some flowers for her. OK. I know she likes best. A.dresses B.rings C.handbags D.roses,答案 D 句意:明天是妈妈的生日。我们给

10、她买些花吧。好的。我知道她最喜欢玫瑰。本题考 查名词词义辨析。dress连衣裙;ring戒指;handbag手袋;rose玫瑰。根据上文的flowers可知,说话人打算买花, 故选D项。,7.(2019江苏苏州,3)Keep quiet, son!I need complete when Im working. Sorry, Dad. I wont make any noise again. A.trust B.silence C.control D.strength,答案 B 句意:保持安静,儿子!我工作时需要完全的安静。对不起,爸爸。我不会再制造噪音 了。本题考查名词词义辨析。trust信

11、任;silence沉默,寂静,无声;control控制;strength力气。complete silence 完全没有声音,符合题意。故选B项。,思路分析 由题目中的Keep quiet以及I wont make any noise again.可知爸爸工作需要安静,此处可通过上 下句的逻辑关系来判定,所以考生要注意句子的含义和语境的影响。,8.(2019浙江温州,2)Sir, did you enjoy your stay in our ? Yes, I slept well and I like the breakfast. A.hotel B.school C.factory D.co

12、mpany,答案 A 句意:先生,您在我们酒店过得愉快吗?是的,我睡得很好,我也喜欢你们的早餐。本题考 查名词词义辨析。A选项意为“酒店”;B选项意为“学校”;C选项意为“工厂”;D选项意为“公司”。 由句意可知本题选择A。,解题关键 本题的解题关键是对上下文的理解,由答句中“I slept well and I like the breakfast”可知只有 “酒店”这个词符合逻辑,既可以休息又提供餐饮。,9.(2019广西北部湾经济区,34)In China, the color red is the of good luck. A.dream B.way C.symbol D.reaso

13、n,答案 C 句意:在中国,红色是好运的象征。本题考查名词的词义辨析。dream梦想;way方式,道路;symbol 象征,标志;reason理由。根据句意可知此处应选C。,10.(2018重庆,23)I have a bad cold. Sorry to hear that. Youd better go to see a at once. A.doctor B.cook C.writer D.farmer,答案 A 句意:我得了重感冒。听到这则消息(我)很难过。你最好马上去看医生。本题考查名 词词义辨析。因为感冒了,所以要看医生,故选A。cook厨师;writer作家;farmer农民,均

14、与题意不符。,知识拓展 go to see a doctor=go to hospital。,11.(2018辽宁沈阳,1)Small cars are useful in cities with narrow . A.streets B.cinemas C.squares D.shops,答案 A 句意:小汽车在街道狭窄的城市里有用。本题考查名词。street街道;cinema电影院;square广场; shop商店。根据句意可知选A。,12.(2018云南,23)I like the named The World of English very much. Me, too. I have

15、 read it for many years. A.game B.program C.movie D.magazine,答案 D 句意:我非常喜欢那本叫作英语世界的杂志。我也是。我已经读了很多年。本题 考查名词词义辨析。game游戏,比赛;program节目;movie电影;magazine杂志。根据read it可知,这是一本杂 志的名字。故选D项。,13.(2018河北,27)Did you hear the ?A scientist will visit our school. A.advice B.news C.praise D.choice,答案 B 句意:你听说那个消息了吗?一个

16、科学家将参观我们的学校。本题考查名词词义辨析。A选项意 为“建议”;B选项意为“新闻;消息”;C选项意为“表扬;赞扬”;D选项意为“选择”。由句意可知本题 选择B。 重点词汇 news意为“新闻;消息”,为不可数名词。其常见短语和谚语有:a piece of good news一 条好消息;some bad news一些坏消息;No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。,14.(2018湖北黄冈,26)Im thirsty, Mom. Id like something to drink. We only have some in the fridge. A.orange

17、s B.ice-cream C.juice D.cheese,答案 C 句意:我渴了,妈妈。我想要一些喝的东西。我们的冰箱里只有一些果汁。本题考查 名词词义辨析。A选项意为“橘子”;B选项意为“冰激凌”;C选项意为“果汁”;D选项意为“奶酪”。 由句意可知本题选择C。,15.(2018江苏南京,11)Do you have this T-shirt in a small ? Im afraid not. It only comes in medium. A.size B.colour C.material D.taste,答案 A 句意:你有这件T恤衫的小号吗?恐怕没有。它只有中号。本题考查名

18、词词义辨析。 size尺寸,大小;colour颜色;material材料;taste味道。根据答语中It only comes in medium.可知,此处询问衣服 的大小,故选A项。,16.(2018江西,32)I live near a big . It gets very noisy on match days. A.hospital B.store C.bank D.playground,答案 D 句意:我住在一个大操场附近。在比赛的日子里它变得很吵闹。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据 后句中的on match days可知,此处应选操场(playground)。hospital医院;st

19、ore商店;bank银行。,思路分析 选项要放在语境中来思考,句子的意思要符合逻辑。只有playground与noisy、match相符。,17.(2018甘肃兰州,31)If the temperature is below 0, water will turn into in the open air. A.ice B.steam C.fog D.rain,答案 A 句意:如果温度低于零摄氏度,在户外水会变成冰。本题考查名词辨析和生活常识。根据生活常 识可知,设空处意为“冰”,用ice,故选A项。steam水蒸气;fog雾;rain雨,均与题意不符。,18.(2018安徽,32)What

20、is the of your excellent spoken English? Practice makes perfect! A.result B.influence C.duty D.secret,答案 D 句意:你的口语极好,秘诀是什么?熟能生巧!本题考查名词词义辨析。result 结果;influ- ence影响;duty职责;secret秘诀。回答的是学习方法,故要问口语说得好的秘诀。,知识拓展 practice makes perfect是英语谚语,表示“熟能生巧”。考生要多掌握英语谚语,培养语感。如: no pain,no gain不劳则无获。,19.(2017天津,24)Do

21、nt stand too close to North Americans. Youd better give them more personal . A.time B.system C.space D.pity,答案 C 句意:别站得离北美人太近。你最好给他们更多的私人空间。本题考查名词词义辨析。A项意 为“时间”,B项意为“系统”,C项意为“空间”,D项意为“遗憾”。根据句意可知选C项。,20.(2017上海,32)Did the policeman give much on how to protect personal information? A.note B.tip C.advi

22、ce D.book,答案 C 句意:那个警察给了很多关于怎样保护个人信息的建议吗?本题考查名词词义辨析。note为可数 名词,意为“笔记,便条”;tip为可数名词,意为“小费,窍门”;advice为不可数名词,意为“建议”;book为可 数名词,意为“书”。由本空前的much可知本空应填不可数名词,故本题选择C。,21.(2017安徽,33)The New Silk Road will offer a good for more nations to communicate. A.chance B.habit C.question D.price,答案 A 句意:新丝绸之路将给更多的国家提供一

23、个交流的好机会。本题考查名词词义辨析。chance机 会;habit习惯;question问题;price价格。,22.(2016天津,26)Every year many foreign friends come to see the of Tianjin, such as Tianjin Eye and the Haihe River. A.concerts B.plays C.cartoons D.sights,答案 D 句意:每年有许多外国朋友来看天津的美景,例如天津之眼和海河。本题考查名词的词义辨析。 concert音乐会; play戏剧;cartoon动画片;sights风景。根据

24、句意可知选择D项。,23.(2016重庆,25)Its hot today. Have some , please. No, thanks. Im not thirsty at all. A.water B.potatoes C.bread D.cakes,答案 A 句意:今天很热,请喝点水吧。不,谢谢。我一点也不渴。本题考查名词辨析。由thirsty 可知上文提到的应该是喝的东西,只有water符合语境。,24.(2016安徽,32)Cathy has such a good that she won many prizes in singing competitions last year

25、. A.sleep B.idea C.voice D.time,答案 C 句意:Cathy有如此好的嗓音以至于她去年在歌唱比赛中得了许多奖。本题考查名词辨析。 sleep睡眠;idea想法;voice 嗓音;time时间。根据句意可知答案为C项。,25.(2015天津,24)In 1998,Liu Xiangs in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping. A.ability B.trade C.electricity D.memory,答案 A 句意:在1998年,刘翔在跨栏赛跑方面所具备的能力被孙海平注意到。本题考查名词词义辨析。 ability能力;tr

26、ade贸易;electricity电;memory记忆。根据句意可知选择A项。,26.(2015重庆,23)Dave really likes driving.I think being a is just right for him. A.doctor B.teacher C.farmer D.driver,答案 D 句意:Dave真的喜欢开车。我认为成为一名司机正适合他。考查名词词义辨析。doctor医生; teacher教师;farmer农民;driver司机,驾驶员。由likes driving可知应选D。,27.(2015河北,29)Could you please take my

27、picture?Here is my . A.printer B.radio C.player D.camera,答案 D 句意:你能给我照张相片吗?这是我的照相机。本题考查名词辨析。printer打印机;radio收音机; player 播放机;camera照相机。根据take my picture 可知答案为D项。,28.(2015安徽,36)How can I get some about the 2016 Olympic Games? Why not search the Internet? A.information B.experience C.practice D.success

28、,答案 A 句意:我怎样能得到一些有关2016年奥运会的信息呢?你为什么不上网查一下呢?本题 考查名词辨析。information信息;experience经验;practice练习;success成功。根据句意可知答案为A项。,C组 教师专用题组,1.(2019湖北武汉,37)Dad,what is the loudspeaker saying? It is to the . The flight to Wuhan is boarding now. A.customers B.passengers C.members D.tourists,答案 B 句意:爸爸,喇叭里正在说什么?那是对乘客说

29、的。飞往武汉的航班正在登机。本题考 查名词的词义辨析。A:顾客;B:乘客;C:成员;D:游客。根据关键词flight和boarding可知,此处应该是对乘客 们说的话,故本题选择B。,2.(2019湖北黄冈,27)Oh, my God! We have missed the last bus. What shall we do? Im afraid we have no but to take a taxi. A.idea B.decision C.reason D.choice,答案 D 句意:哦,天呀!我们已经错过了末班车。我们应该怎么办?恐怕我们除了打车没有别的 选择了。此题考查名词词义

30、辨析。idea“主意”;decision“决定”;reason“原因,理由”;choice“选择”。 根据句意,此处表示“别无选择”,因此选D。,3.(2019云南昆明,32)The of the 2019 Beijing International Horticultural Expo(园艺博览会) is “Live Green, Live Better”. A.symbol B.condition C.theme D.invention,答案 C 句意:2019年北京世园会的主题是“绿色生活,美丽家园”。本题考查名词。symbol象征;condi- tion状况;theme主题;inven

31、tion发明。根据题中“Live Green, Live Better”可看出,此处说的是该活动的主 题,故选C。,4.(2019云南,22)The earth is often called the ocean planet. Its surface is 70 percent . A.land B.plants C.animals D.water,答案 D 句意:地球经常被称为海洋星球。它的表面70%是水。A:陆地;B:植物;C:动物;D:水。地球经常 被称为海洋星球,由此可知其表面70%是水。,5.(2018广东,32)The three upstairs are too small t

32、o have enough for a double bed. A.room,room B.room,rooms C.rooms,room D.rooms,rooms,答案 C 句意:楼上的三个房间都太小了,没有足够的空间放一张双人床。本题考查名词。room意为“房 间”时作可数名词,意为“空间”时作不可数名词,根据句意可知答案为C。,知识拓展 在英语中,部分名词既可作可数名词,又可作不可数名词,但两者在意义上是不同的。如:experi- ence作可数名词时,意为“经历”,作不可数名词时,意为“经验”;glass作可数名词时,意为“玻璃杯”,作 不可数名词时,意为“玻璃”。,6.(2018山

33、东青岛,1)Could you please put some in my cup?Id like sweet coffee. A.sugar B.salt C.ice D.pepper,答案 A 句意:你能给我的杯里放点糖吗?我想要甜咖啡。本题考查名词词义辨析。sugar 糖;salt 盐;ice 冰;pepper 胡椒粉。根据题意可知选A。,7.(2018江苏苏州,6)The boy has been missing for five days and his parents are worried about his . A.attention B.safety C.action D.g

34、rowth,答案 B 句意:这个男孩已经失踪5天了,他的父母很担心他的安全。本题考查名词词义辨析。attention注 意力;safety安全;action行动;growth成长。根据句意选B项。,8.(2018山东潍坊,23)The Three Gorges Dam produces for millions of people in China. A.electricity B.influence C.transport D.technology,答案 A 句意:三峡大坝为中国数百万人供电。本题考查名词。electricity电;influence影响;transport运输; techn

35、ology技术。三峡大坝是一个水力发电工程,故选A。,9.(2018浙江温州,2)What was the of the football match last night? AC Milan won the game. A.value B.result C.choice D.decision,答案 B 句意:昨天晚上的足球赛的结果是什么?AC米兰赢得了这次比赛。本题考查名词辨 析。value价值;result结果;choice选择;decision决定。,解题关键 根据题干中“won the game” 可知问话人想知道比赛的结果。,10.(2018湖北武汉,36)Kate, Im goin

36、g shopping. Anything to buy for you? Yes, that will save me a . A.hand B.trip C.visit D.bill,答案 B 句意:凯特,我要去购物。需要为你买些东西吗?是的,那将会省去我一趟行程。本题考 查名词词义辨析。A选项意为“手”;B选项意为“旅行;行程”;C选项意为“参观;拜访”;D选项意为“账 单”。根据句意可知本题选择B。,11.(2018新疆,28)Hurry up!Some and are on sale in the supermarket. A.tomato;egg B.tomatoes;egg C.t

37、omatoes;eggs D.tomato;eggs,答案 C 句意:快点儿!一些西红柿和鸡蛋正在超市打折销售。本题考查名词复数。tomato和egg为可数 名词且由Some修饰,应用复数形式,故选C。,12.(2018内蒙古包头,23)My teacher has given me useful suggestions and I want to thank him from the of my heart. A.bottom B.condition C.way D.surface,答案 A 句意:我的老师给了我有用的建议,我想衷心地感谢他。from the bottom of ones h

38、eart 衷心地,符 合语境,故选A项。condition 条件;way途径;surface表面。,13.(2017云南,33)My father has made a that he will buy a camera for me. A.suggestion B.secret C.problem D.decision,答案 D 句意:我的父亲已经决定为我买一台照相机。本题考查名词的词义辨析。suggestion建议;secret 秘密;decision决定;problem问题。根据语境可知,应该选择D项。,14.(2017新疆乌鲁木齐,25)If you can speak English

39、 well, you will have a great over others when looking for a job. A.activity B.article C.attention D.advantage,答案 D 句意:如果你英语讲得好,找工作时你就比别人有很大优势。本题考查名词词义辨析。activity活 动;article文章;attention注意。have a great advantage over sb.比某人有很大的优势。,15.(2017内蒙古包头,25)If you need further about our products, please surf th

40、eInternet. A.information B.experience C.practice D.expression,答案 A 句意:如果你需要我们产品的更多信息,请上网搜索。本题考查名词词义辨析。information 信 息;experience 经验;practice 实践;expression 表达。根据句意选A。,16.(2016江苏连云港,8)Its useful for the deaf people to learn sign language. Yes,its a major way of for them. A.suggestion B.vacation C.prod

41、uction D.communication,答案 D 句意:学习手语对于耳聋的人很有用。是的,这是他们的一种主要的交流方式。本题考 查名词词义辨析。suggestion建议;vacation假期;production生产;communication交流,a major way of commu- nication一种主要的交流方式,符合题意。故选D项。,17.(2016山东青岛,2)Nancy took her temperature and found she had a . A.cough B.toothache C.cold D.fever,答案 D 句意:Nancy量了量她的体温发现

42、她发烧了。本题考查名词辨析。have a cough 咳嗽;have a toothache牙痛;have a cold 感冒;have a fever发烧。根据句意可知答案为D项。,18.(2015浙江温州,2)Annie has a ,and she is going to see her dentist today. A.cold B.fever C.cough D.toothache,答案 D 句意:Annie 牙疼,今天她打算去看她的牙医。本题考查名词辨析。colol感冒;fever发烧;cough咳 嗽;toothache牙痛。根据dentist可知选D项。,19.(2015江苏镇

43、江,4)After reading the novel Treasure Island,Paul has more than before because of the main character,brave Jim. A.humour B.wealth C.luck D.courage,答案 D 句意:在读过小说金银岛之后,保罗因为勇敢的主人公吉姆而比以前更有勇气了。本题考查 名词词义辨析。humour幽默;wealth财富;luck运气;courage勇气。由句子结尾处的brave Jim可知保罗受吉 姆的影响比以前更有勇气了,故选D。,20.(2015宁夏,35)Listen!Who

44、is singing? Its Betty.She has a sweet . A.sound B.voice C.noise D.speech,答案 B 句意:听!谁在唱歌?是Betty,她的声音很甜美。本题考查名词词义辨析。sound声音; voice歌唱声,嗓音;noise噪音;speech演讲。根据句意可知,此处指Betty的歌声,故选B项。,21.(2015山东德州,27)The New York Times is a popular daily . A.dictionary B.magazine C.newspaper D.guidebook,答案 C 句意:纽约时报是一份很受欢迎

45、的日报。本题考查名词词义辨析。dictionary词典;magazine 杂志;newspaper报纸;guidebook指南。根据句意可知选C。,7分钟 10分,1.(2019河南郑州一模,22)Although Jin Yong has passed away, his wuxia novels have had a great on pop culture. A.advantage B.suggestion C.influence D.achievement,答案 C 句意:虽然金庸已经去世了,但他的武侠小说已经对通俗文化产生了很大的影响。本题考查名词 词义辨析。A.优势;B.建议;C.

46、影响;D.成就。结合句意可知选C项。,词汇拓展 have a great influence on对有重大影响;pass away去世;pop culture通俗文化。,2.(2019河南安阳模拟,22)Can you teach me how to use this new mobile phone? Sorry, I cant use it, either. I think you can use it according to its . A.inventions B.instructions C.productions D.preparations,答案 B 句意:你能教我如何使用这部

47、新手机吗?对不起,我也不会用它。我想你可以按照它的 说明书去使用。本题考查名词词义辨析。A.发明;B.说明;C.产品;D.准备。结合句意可知选B项。,3.(2019河南许昌禹州一模,23)Lights are out. The concert is to begin. The fans hold their breath for Jay Chous . A.influence B.guidance C.experience D.appearance,答案 D 句意:灯光熄灭了,演唱会要开始了,粉丝们屏住呼吸等待周杰伦的出现。本题考查名词词义辨 析。A.影响,作用;B.指导,引导;C.经历,经验

48、;D.出现,露面。结合句意可知,D选项符合题意。,4.(2019河南联考,3)The of printing helped to spread the knowledge. A.invention B.experience C.decision D.reason,答案 A 句意:印刷术的发明帮助传播知识。本题考查名词词义辨析。A.发明;B.经历,经验;C.决定;D.原 因;根据常识“印刷术是中国的发明”可知选A项。,高频考词 invention和experience是高频考词,意思分别是“发明”和“经验,经历”。而invention(发明)和 invitation(邀请)又是易混词,同学们需要格外注意。,5.(2019河南驻马店一模,22)Its interesting to learn the and customs of other countries. A.manners B.value C.changes D.choices,答案 A 句意:学习其他国家的风俗习惯是很有趣的。本题考查名词的词义辨析。A.礼貌,习俗;B.价值; C.改变,变化;D.选择。根据句意及cus