2020年浙江中考英语复习课件专题一　名词.pptx

1、A组 20152019年浙江中考题组,一、填空题 1.(2019杭州,62)His team had lost the game because of him. He felt like there was a heavy w on his shoulders as he walked home alone.,答案 weight 句意:他的球队因为他输掉了比赛。在他一个人走回家的时候他感觉肩上有重担。本空应 填名词,结合句意可知本空填weight。,2.(2019宁波,38)I plan to go abroad to celebrate my twentieth birthday in (八

2、月).,答案 August 句意:我计划八月份去国外庆祝我二十岁的生日。本题考查名词。,易错警示 注意月份的首字母要大写。 3.(2019 湖州,75)Ill bring you back some (present).,答案 presents 句意:我会给你带回来一些礼物。本题考查名词。,易错警示 present是可数名词,设空处要使用复数形式。,4.(2018杭州,61)My friend came over last night to watch the v of the football match that Id recorded.,答案 video/videos 本题考查名词。句意

3、:我的朋友昨天晚上过来观看了我录制的足球比赛的录像。,解题关键 观看的录像可能是一个,也可能是多个,因此单数或者复数都可以。,5.(2018宁波,44)Liu Chuanjian is considered a (英雄) because he safely landed the damaged plane.,答案 hero 句意:刘传健被认为是一个英雄,因为他让毁坏的飞机安全着陆。本题考查名词。,解题关键 设空处前有冠词a,因此设空处填写单数。,6.(2018温州,49)A month later, one day in (八月), Harris appeared in Charlies cl

4、assroom.,答案 August 句意:一个月后,八月份的一天,Harris出现在Charlie的教室里。设空处考查名词,注意首字 母大写。,7.(2018绍兴,46)How sweet these (grape)taste!,答案 grapes 句意:这些葡萄是多么甜啊!设空处前是指示代词these,因此设空处要使用名词的复数形 式。,8.(2018金华,64)The children also learn many (skill)like how to live in the wild.,答案 skills 句意:孩子们也学习了许多技能,例如如何在野外生存。本题考查名词。设空处前的ma

5、ny修 饰可数名词复数。,9.(2017嘉兴,52)For example, if the runner runs one (千米),the providers each give the runner $1 for the charity.,答案 kilometer 本题考查名词。设空处前是数词one,因此用单数。kilometer意为“千米”。,词汇拓展 kilo-的含义是“千”, 构成的词有kilometer千米; kilogram千克;kilobyte千字节等。,10.(2017丽水,52)The nurses in the hospital take good care of the

6、ir (patient).,答案 patients 句意:医院的护士们好好地照顾他们的病人。本题考查名词。设空处为可数名词,因此用 复数形式。,词汇拓展 当patient的词性不同时,它的含义也不同。作名词时,含义是“病人”;作形容词时,含义是“耐 心的”。,11.(2017金华,67)I gave my speech in front of the whole grade, promising my (classmate)that if they chose me, Id start a football team.,答案 classmates 句意:我在全年级面前发表了演讲,答应我的同班同

7、学们如果他们选择了我,我会建立一 支足球队。本题考查名词。设空处是可数名词,因此使用复数形式。,词汇拓展 mate的含义是“同伴,伙伴”。类似的词还有workmate同事。,12.(2016杭州,64)As the old saying goes, “Old h die hard.”So start exercising before its too late!,答案 habits 本题考查名词。habit为可数名词,使用复数形式。,日积月累 本题中“Old habits die hard.”是一句谚语,意思是“旧习难改”。在英语学习中要注意语言的 积累。,13.(2016台州,65)Afte

8、r a few (minute),David knocked again, but still no one answered.,答案 minutes 句意:几分钟后,David又敲敲门,但仍然没有人应答。本题考查名词。设空处前的a few表 明要使用名词复数形式。,词汇拓展 本题中a few意为“一些”,具有肯定意义,修饰可数名词复数。a little也具有肯定意义,意为 “一些”,但它修饰不可数名词。要注意的是few和little具有否定意义,意为“没有,很少”。,14.(2015 温州, 2)Annie has a (牙痛), and she is going to see her de

9、ntist today.,答案 toothache 句意:Annie牙疼,今天她打算去看牙医。本题考查名词。toothache牙痛。,词汇拓展 类似的词还有headache, backache,stomachache等。,二、单项选择,1.(2019温州,2)Sir, did you enjoy your stay in our ? Yes, I slept well and I like the breakfast. A.hotel B.school C.factory D.company,答案 A 句意:先生,您在我们酒店过得愉快吗?是的,我睡得很好,我也喜欢你们的早餐。本题考 查名词词义

10、辨析。A选项意为“酒店”;B选项意为“学校”;C选项意为“工厂”;D选项意为“公司”。 由句意可知本题选择A。,解题关键 本题的解题关键是对上下文的理解,由答句中“I slept well and I like the breakfast”可知只有 “酒店”这个词符合逻辑,既可以休息又提供餐饮。,2.(2018温州,2)What was the of the football match last night? AC Milan won the game. A.value B.result C.choice D.decision,答案 B 句意:昨天晚上的足球赛的结果是什么?AC米兰赢得了这次

11、比赛。本题考查名词辨 析。value价值;result结果;choice选择;decision决定。,解题关键 根据题干中“won the game” 可知问话人想知道比赛的结果。,3.(2017温州,3)I have the of reading before sleeping. It has been part of my life. A.courage B.chance C.spirit D.habit,答案 D 句意:我有睡前阅读的习惯。它是我生活的一部分。本题考查名词辨析。A.勇气;B.机会;C.精 神;D.习惯。根据句意可知是“睡前读书的习惯”。,4.(2016温州,4)When

12、an earthquake happens, I think the most important safety is to keep calm. A.rule B.doubt C.condition D.problem,答案 A 句意:当地震发生时,我认为最重要的安全规则就是保持镇静。本题考查名词辨析。rule规则; doubt怀疑;condition条件;problem问题。根据题意,选择A项。,B组 20152019年全国中考题组 考点一 名词的数,一、填空题,1.(2019江苏南京,50)It is reported that thousands of running friends

13、from 25 (country)took part in 2019 Nanjing Jiangning Marathon.,答案 countries 由设空处前的数字可知,此处应用名词的复数形式。,2.(2019江苏苏州,44)Before you start writing a story, think about the (人物)and what they do.,答案 characters 在你开始写一个故事之前,考虑一下人物和他们的职业。根据what they do可知,此处应 用名词的复数形式,故填characters。,3.(2018河北,79)Mr. Du said I cou

14、ld be a good example to my (classmate).,答案 classmates 句意:杜老师说我可以成为我的同学们的好榜样。由句意可知本空应用名词复数形式, 故填classmates。,4.(2018江苏盐城,68)Dickinsons poems are very popular with (read)even today.,答案 readers 句意:Dickinson的诗歌即便在现今也深受读者欢迎。此处用名词的复数形式表示泛指。be popular with sb.受到某人的欢迎。,5.(2017上海,54)A seat belt can help prote

15、ct passengers in many car . (accident),答案 accidents 句意:安全带在许多车祸中能在保护乘客方面提供帮助。accident意为“交通事故”,为 可数名词。由题干中的many可知本空填accidents。,二、单项选择,1.(2018新疆,28)Hurry up!Some and are on sale in the supermarket. A.tomato;egg B.tomatoes;egg C.tomatoes;eggs D.tomato;eggs,答案 C 句意:快点儿!一些西红柿和鸡蛋正在超市打折销售。本题考查名词复数。tomato和e

16、gg为可数 名词且由Some修饰,应用复数形式,故选C。,2.(2018广东,32)The three upstairs are too small to have enough for a double bed. A.room,room B.room,rooms C.rooms,room D.rooms,rooms,答案 C 句意:楼上的三个房间都太小了,没有足够的空间放一张双人床。本题考查名词。room意为“房 间”时作可数名词,意为“空间”时作不可数名词,根据句意可知答案为C。,知识拓展 在英语中,部分名词既可作可数名词,又可作不可数名词,但两者在意义上是不同的。如:experi- en

17、ce作可数名词时,意为“经历”,作不可数名词时,意为“经验”;glass作可数名词时,意为“玻璃杯”,作 不可数名词时,意为“玻璃”。,考点二 名词所有格 一、填空题,1.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特,66)He asked for two (week) leave to look after his sick father.,答案 weeks ask for two weeks leave请两个星期的假。此处应用名词所有格。,2.(2018江苏南京,50)Thanks for all the (member) hard work! More and more people have learne

18、d how to keep kids from danger now.,答案 members 句意:谢谢所有成员的辛勤工作!越来越多的人现在已经学会如何使孩子远离危险。考 查名词复数的所有格形式。,3.(2017四川成都,5)Some parents often tell their kids not to believe s words.,答案 strangers 句意:一些父母经常告诫孩子不要相信陌生人的话。本空应为形容词或名词所有格修饰 后面的名词words,根据句意和首字母确定应填strangers。,4.(2016江苏苏州,41)Now is the time for all Jaz

19、z (迷)voices to be heard.,答案 fans 句意:现在是听到所有爵士乐粉丝声音的时候了。根据空格后的voices可知,设空处用名词复 数的所有格形式,应在名词复数后加。,二、单项选择,1.(2019江苏连云港,3)On April 24, Xie Wenjun raced to gold in the 110-meter hurdles at the Asian Ath- letics Championships in Qatar. A.man B.men C.mens D.mens,答案 C 句意:4月24日,谢文骏在于卡塔尔举行的亚洲田径锦标赛男子110米栏比赛中获得

20、冠军。本题考 查名词所有格。设空后为名词短语,故此处用所有格形式,men为复数形式,后加-s 构成所有格形式。故 选C。,2.(2017贵州贵阳,39)“Cindy, how far is it from your home to school?”“About 20 walk.” A.minutes B.minutes C.minutes,答案 C 句意:“辛迪,从你家到学校有多远?”“大约步行20分钟的路程。”本题考查名词所有格的用 法。由20可知minute用复数形式,其所有格形式是在minutes后加“”,故选C项。,考点三 名词词义辨析 1.(2019天津,23)The of this

21、 activity is to raise money for a new hospital. A.silence B.purpose C.culture D.language,答案 B 句意:这个活动的目的是为一所新医院募捐。本题考查名词词义辨析。silence寂静,安静;pur- pose目的;culture 文化;language 语言。由句意可知本题答案为B。,2.(2019重庆,24)One of the book is missing, so I cant learn the whole story. A.copy B.page C.writer D.reader,答案 B 句意:

22、这本书的其中一页不见了,所以我无法了解整个故事。本题考查名词词义辨析。A:复制 品;B:页;C:作者;D:读者。根据句意可知,其中的一页不见了,故选B。,3.(2019江苏苏州,3)Keep quiet, son!I need complete when Im working. Sorry, Dad. I wont make any noise again. A.trust B.silence C.control D.strength,答案 B 句意:保持安静,儿子!我工作时需要完全的安静。对不起,爸爸。我不会再制造噪音 了。本题考查名词词义辨析。trust信任;silence沉默,寂静,无声

23、;control控制;strength力气。complete silence 完全没有声音,符合题意。故选B项。,思路分析 由题目中的Keep quiet以及I wont make any noise again.可知爸爸工作需要安静,此处可通过上 下句的逻辑关系来判定,所以考生要注意句子的含义和语境的影响。,4.(2019江苏南京,13)Tomorrow is Mums birthday. Lets buy some flowers for her. OK. I know she likes best. A.dresses B.rings C.handbags D.roses,答案 D 句意

24、:明天是妈妈的生日。我们给她买些花吧。好的。我知道她最喜欢玫瑰。本题考 查名词词义辨析。dress连衣裙;ring戒指;handbag手袋;rose玫瑰。根据上文的flowers可知,说话人打算买花, 故选D项。,5.(2019山西,25)To keep our city beautiful, the are always very busy in the streets. We shouldnt throw rubbish everywhere. A.policemen B.cleaners C.drivers,答案 B 句意:为了保持我们城市的美丽,清洁工们在街上一直很忙碌。我们不应该到处

25、扔垃圾。本题考 查名词。policeman警察;cleaner清洁工;driver 司机。根据句意可知设空处表示“清洁工”,故答案为B项。,6.(2018安徽,32)What is the of your excellent spoken English? Practice makes perfect! A.result B.influence C.duty D.secret,答案 D 句意:你英语口语这么棒的秘诀是什么?熟能生巧!本题考查名词词义辨析。result 结 果;influence影响;duty职责;secret秘诀。回答的是学习方法,故要问口语说得好的秘诀。,知识拓展 pract

26、ice makes perfect是英语谚语,表示“熟能生巧”。考生要多掌握英语谚语,培养语感。如: no pain,no gain不劳则无获。,7.(2018内蒙古包头,23)My teacher has given me useful suggestions and I want to thank him from the of my heart. A.bottom B.condition C.way D.surface,答案 A 句意:我的老师给了我有用的建议,我想衷心地感谢他。from the bottom of ones heart 衷心地,符 合语境,故选A项。condition

27、条件;way途径;surface表面。,8.(2017天津,24)Dont stand too close to North Americans. Youd better give them more personal . A.time B.system C.space D.pity,答案 C 句意:别站得离北美人太近。你最好给他们更多的个人空间。本题考查名词词义辨析。A项意 为“时间”,B项意为“系统”,C项意为“空间”,D项意为“遗憾”。根据句意应选C项。,9.(2016河南,22)Are you going out with Jade tonight? Thats my . Mind y

28、our own! A.offer B.business C.question D.chance,答案 B 句意:你今晚要和杰德一起外出吗?那是我的事,管好你自己吧!本题考查名词辨析。of- fer提议;business生意,事情;question问题;chance机会。根据“那是我的事”可知选择B项。,10.(2015河北,29)Could you please take my picture? Here is my . A.printer B.radio C.player D.camera,答案 D 句意:你能给我照张相片吗?这是我的照相机。本题考查名词辨析。printer打印机;radio

29、收音机; player 播放机;camera照相机。,C组 教师专用题组 一、填空题,1.(2019江苏南京,48)The Book of Poetry, the earliest collection of poems, is of great value in Chinese (历史).,答案 history 句意:诗经,最早的诗歌集,在中国历史上很有价值。此处指中国历史,故填history。,2.(2019福建,85)Cai Lun began experimenting(试验) with many different materials and different (method) t

30、o turn those materials into paper.,答案 methods 由different可知,此处应用名词的复数形式,故填methods。,3.(2019河北,78)“I have also written some (note) under each of these photos,”he said.,答案 notes note为可数名词,表示“注释”,由本空前的some可知本空应用复数形式,故本空填notes。,4.(2018杭州,67)A square has four sides and four c .,答案 corners 本题考查名词复数。句意:一个正方形

31、有四条边和四个角。,解题关键 题干中的square是正方形,正方形有四条边和四个角,是图形的特征。,5.(2018杭州,69)The Chinese womens volleyball team won a gold m in the 2016 Rio Olympic Games.,答案 medal 本题考查名词。句意:在2016年里约奥运会中中国女排获得了一枚金牌。,解题关键 设空处前出现冠词a,因此使用单数形式。,6.(2018宁波,39)The use of new energy cars helps to reduce air (污染).,答案 pollution 句意:新能源汽车的使

32、用帮助减少空气污染。本题考查名词。,词汇拓展 pollute v.污染;pollution n.污染。,7.(2017安徽合肥,92)My fathers T-shirt has completely lost its s (形状).,答案 shape 根据提示可知要填名词。its后要用名词的单数形式。,8.(2017甘肃兰州,98)The road to (succeed) is to work honestly.,答案 success success n.成功。,9.(2016杭州,63)A m is a list of food that you can eat in a restaur

33、ant.,答案 menu 句意:菜单是一份你可以在餐馆里吃的食物的清单。本题考查名词。设空处前有冠词A,因 此使用单数。,解题关键 在解题时应对句子进行透彻的理解以获取答案。注意that引导的是定语从句。,10.(2016衢州,71)“There are also many different (kind)of games for me to play,”says Danny.,答案 kinds 句意:Danny说:“也有许多不同种类的游戏供我玩。”本题考查名词。设空处前出现many, 因此使用复数形式。,11.(2016杭州,66)My father isnt tall or short.

34、Hes of medium h .,答案 height 句意:我父亲不高也不矮。他中等身材。本题考查名词。be of medium height中等身材。,易错警示 height为名词,要关注该词的拼写形式,很容易与high(高的;在高处)混淆。,12.(2016山东青岛,2)Nancy took her temperature and found she had a (发烧).,答案 fever 句意:Nancy量了量她的体温发现她发烧了。本题考查名词。have a fever发烧。,13.(2015江西,29)There are lots of (rule)that students ha

35、ve to follow in school.,答案 rules 句意:学校里有很多学生必须遵守的规则。本题考查名词。根据题干中lots of可知此处应为 复数形式。,二、单项选择,1.(2019江西,31)My daughter helps me cook, but she isnt old enough to be left alone in the . A.bedroom B.classroom C.lab D.kitchen,答案 D 句意:我女儿帮我做饭,但她还没到可以独自待在厨房里的年龄。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据 前句中的cook可知,这里应该说的是厨房。故选择D。,2.(201

36、9福建,24)What should we do for the camping trip? Wed better make a of things like foods, drinks, medicine and so on. A.list B.card C.report,答案 A 句意:我们应该为野营旅行做什么?我们最好列一张诸如食物、饮料、药等物品的清 单。本题考查名词。list清单; card卡片;report报道。根据后面的like foods,drinks, medicine and so on可知, 此处是指列出一张清单。故选A。,3.(2019湖北武汉,37)Dad,what

37、is the loudspeaker saying? It is to the . The flight to Wuhan is boarding now. A.customers B.passengers C.members D.tourists,答案 B 句意:爸爸,喇叭里正在说什么?那是对乘客说的。飞往武汉的航班正在登机。本题考 查名词的词义辨析。A:顾客;B:乘客;C:成员;D:游客。根据关键词flight和boarding可知,此处应该是对乘客 们说的话,故本题选择B。,4.(2018江西,32)I live near a big . It gets very noisy on ma

38、tch days. A.hospital B.store C.bank D.playground,答案 D 句意:我住在一个大操场附近。在比赛的日子里它变得很吵闹。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据 后句中的on match days可知,此处是操场(playground)。hospital医院;store商店;bank银行。,思路分析 选项要放在语境中来思考,句子的意思要符合逻辑。只有playground与noisy、match相符。,5.(2018河南,23)Its useless to regret what has been done. Dont make those mistakes aga

39、in. I wont. Thats a(n) . A.order B.decision C.promise D.agreement,答案 C 句意:后悔已经做过的事情是没有用的,不要再犯那些错误了。我不会了,这是一个承 诺(我承诺)。本题考查名词词义辨析。A.订单,命令;B.决定;C.许诺;D.协定。根据句意可知“我保证不再 犯那些错误了”。,6.(2018湖北黄冈,26)Im thirsty, Mom. Id like something to drink. We only have some in the fridge. A.oranges B.ice-cream C.juice D.ch

40、eese,答案 C 句意:我渴了,妈妈。我想要一些喝的东西。我们的冰箱里只有一些果汁。本题考查 名词词义辨析。A选项意为“橘子”;B选项意为“冰激凌”;C选项意为“果汁”;D选项意为“奶酪”。 由句意可知本题选择C。,7.(2017上海,32)Did the policeman give much on how to protect personal information? A.note B.tip C.advice D.book,答案 C 句意:那个警察给出了许多关于怎样保护个人信息的建议吗?本题考查名词词义辨析。note为可 数名词,意为“笔记,便条”;tip为可数名词,意为“小费,窍门

41、”;advice为不可数名词,意为“建议”;book为 可数名词,意为“书”。由本空前的much可知本空应填不可数名词,故本题选择C。,8.(2017河南,23)If you fight hard, know who you are, and are proud of who you are, youve got a good of winning. A.choice B.chance C.decision D.direction,答案 B 句意:如果你努力拼搏,知道你是谁,而且你为自己感到骄傲,那么你就很有可能获胜。本题考查 名词词义辨析。choice选择;chance可能性,机会;deci

42、sion决定;direction方向。故选B项。,9.(2017重庆,24)Judy, I will have a meeting in Canada next week. Well, youd better take a with you, or you may easily get lost. A.photo B.stamp C.map D.postcard,答案 C 句意:Judy,下周我要在加拿大开个会。噢,你最好随身带张地图,否则你会很容易迷路 的。本题考查名词词义辨析。根据“在加拿大开会”和“迷路”可以判断应该是带“地图”。故选C 项。,10.(2016广东,27)The brok

43、en may cut into your hand if you touch it. You should be careful. A.glass B.glasses C.candle D.candles,答案 A 句意:如果你触摸这块破碎的玻璃的话,它也许会扎到你的手。你应该小心。本题考查名词。 glass玻璃,此处为不可数名词,根据句意可知答案为A项。,评析 本题属于易错题。学生对于glass是可数名词还是不可数名词可能掌握得不好。因为我们平时常见 到glasses(眼镜),故容易做错此题。,11.(2016江苏苏州,9)Steve Jobs was full of always comi

44、ng up with new ideas which led to great changes in society. A.instruction B.invitation C.introduction D.invention,答案 D 句意:Steve Jobs充满着创意,他总能想出新主意,引起社会的重大改变。本题考查名词词义辨 析。instruction说明,指示;invitation邀请;introduction引进,介绍;invention发明,创意。根据Steve Jobs总能想 出新主意可知,他充满创意。故选D项。,12.(2016重庆,25)Its hot today. Have

45、 some , please. No, thanks. Im not thirsty at all. A.water B.potatoes C.bread D.cakes,答案 A 句意:今天很热,请喝点水吧。不,谢谢。我一点也不渴。本题考查名词辨析。由thirsty 可知上文提到的应该是喝的东西,只有water符合语境。,13.(2015山东德州,27)The New York Times is a popular daily . A.dictionary B.magazine C.newspaper D.guidebook,答案 C 句意:纽约时报是一份很流行的日报。本题考查名词词义辨析。

46、dictionary词典;magazine杂 志;newspaper报纸;guidebook指南。根据句意可知选C。,11分钟 16分,一、填空题,1.(2019杭州下城一模,61)I bought a silk t to match dads suit last week.,答案 tie 句意:上周我买了一条丝绸领带来配爸爸的西装。本题考查名词。,2.(2019杭州滨江一模,70)Yesterday it snowed so heavily that my car was out of c and hit a tree by the road.,答案 control 句意:昨天雪下得很大,结

47、果我的车失控了,撞上了路边的一棵树。本题考查名词。out of control失控。,解题关键 从snowed so heavily和hit a tree等关键词可以确定车子失控。,3.(2019宁波江北质量检测,37)Jennifer takes a lot of exercise every day and she is always full of e (精 力).,答案 energy 句意:Jennifer每天做大量的运动,她总是精力充沛。本题考查名词。,4.(2019温州瑞安一模,56)Whats the result of your (discuss)? Id like to he

48、ar your opinions.,答案 discussion 句意:你们讨论的结果是什么?我想听听你的意见。本题考查名词。,5.(2018杭州西湖一模,63)The w in spring can change very quickly, sometimes terribly cold and some- times very warm.,答案 weather 句意:春天的天气变化非常快,有时候非常冷,有时候非常温暖。本题考查名词。设空处前 有定冠词the,因此设空处需用名词。根据关键词cold和warm可知设空处指的是天气。,6.(2018杭州余杭一模,70)He always makes many e for being late for school.,答案 excuses 句意:他总是为上学迟到找许多借口。本题考查可数名词的复数形式。根据句意和many 可知excuses符合句意。,词汇拓展 此处excuse为名词,此外它可用作动词,含义为“宽恕,原谅”。,7.(2018宁波鄞州一模,43) (叶子)fall off the trees in the autumn.,答案