ThePassive-Voice-被动语态的构成与用法.ppt课件.ppt

1、Passive Voice（被动语态）动词语态动词语态英语动词有两种语态主动语态：主语是动作的执行者被动语态：主语是动作的承受者Many people speak English.(主动语态)English is spoken by many people.(被动语态)Read the following sentences1.It is called a stamp.2.Whats it made of?3.Which language is spoken by the largest number of people in the world.4.English is used very

2、widely as a foreign language,5.Silk is produced in Suzhou.6.Where are bananas grown?二。模仿上列句子连词成句1.Silk,produce,in Hangzhou.2.Cars,make,in Tianjin.3.tea,grow,in Fujian.4.English,speak,in Australia.5.Glass,produce,in Germany.6.Ships,make,in Japan.被动语态构成被动语态构成助动词助动词+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词 （be+P.P.)时态主动语态被动

3、语态(be+过去分词）一般现在时see/seesam(is,are)+seen一般过去时sawwas(were)+seen一般将来时will(shall)+seewill(shall)+be+seen(过去将来时)would(should)+seewould(should)+be+seen现在进行时am(is,are)+seeingam(is,are)+being+seen(过去进行时)was(were)+seeingwas(were)+being+seen现在完成时have(has)+seenhave(has)+been+seen(过去完成时)had+seenhad+been+seen含情态

4、动词情态动词+see情态动词+be+seen以以see为例，比较主动语和态被动语态的结构形式为例，比较主动语和态被动语态的结构形式肯定句，否定句及疑问句如下。Cars are made in Changchun.Cars are not made in Changchun.-Are cars made in Changchun?(-Yes,they are./No,they arent.)Where are cars made?p26 When can we use the passive voice?1.不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动 作的执

5、行者时。作的执行者时。My bike was stolen last night.昨晚我的自行车被偷了。Letters are collected at eight every morning.信件每天早晨八点收取。The desk was made by Master Wang.这张课桌是王师傅做的。The bag was taken away by his sister.那个口袋是她姐姐提走的。2.为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。被动语态使用方法被动语态使用方法3.为了更好地安排句子。为了更好地安排句子。The well-known person got on

6、the bus and was immediately recognized by people.（一个主语就够了）那个名人一上车就立刻被大家认出来了。I have a new skirt.It was given to me as a birthday present by my aunt.我有条新裙子。它是我阿姨送给我作为生日礼物的。4.在上下文中，为了使句子间连接紧密时。在上下文中，为了使句子间连接紧密时。如：如：将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语。语。将主动语态的谓语动词改为将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去过去分词分词”结构。结构。将主动语态的主语改

7、为介词将主动语态的主语改为介词 by之后的之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。略）。主动语态改为被动语态的方法将下列句子改成被动语态。1.We use English as a foreign language.English is used as a foreign language(by us)2.People write business letters in English Business letters are written(by people)in English.3.They make telephone calls in Englis

8、h.Telephone calls are made(by them)in English.4.Travelers and business people use English.English is used by travelers and business.5.Farmers grow rice in Zhejiang.Rice is grown by farmers in Zhejiang.过去 时,含情态动词的被动语态1.A man killed Jack.1.Han Mei found Granny books.2.They built the bridge.Jack was ki

9、lled(by a man).Granny books were found by Han Mei.The bridge was built.1.He can answer the question.2.We must plant trees in spring.3.Nurse should take care of the children.The question can be answered(by him.)Trees must be planted in spring.Children should be taken care of.主动语态变为被动语态时注意主动语态变为被动语态时注

10、意1.含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时有两种情况:2.Eg He gave the boy an apple.(1)把间接宾语改为主语,直接宾语保留不变:The boy was given an apple (2)把直接宾语改为主语,此时,间接宾语前要 加to或for.An apple was given to the boy.(give,pass,show,send-to )(buy,draw,make,-for )含双宾语的被动含双宾语的被动My father gave me a new book on my birthday.-A new book was given to

11、me(by my father-I was given a new book(by my father).2.不带的to不定式,改为被动语态时不定 .式前要加to.They watched the children sing.The children were watched to sing.3.短语动词是不可分割的整体,改为被动语态时要保持其完整性,介词或副词不可遗漏.We must take good care of the young trees.Young trees must be taken good care of.4.带复合宾语的动词改为被动语态时,一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语

12、,宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语.He cut his hair short.His hair was cut short.They told him to help me.He was told to help me.5.注意:不及物动词不能用被动语态happen,take place,appearbut不及物动词带上介词或副词构成的短语不及物动词带上介词或副词构成的短语,相当于相当于及物动词及物动词,后面可带宾语后面可带宾语take care of /look after/take off/look at/send for/look up Eg The old man should b

13、e taken good care of.6主动表示被动情况主动表示被动情况1 某些某些VI 动词表被动含义如动词表被动含义如 carry out/lock open/read/teach/wash/write 用来说明主语性质特征用来说明主语性质特征,常与常与 not/hardly/well/easily/badly/nicely 等连用等连用Meat cuts easily.The car drove easily.His novel sells well 2某些感观动词表被动含义如某些感观动词表被动含义如 feel/look/taste/smell/sound 3This shirt f

14、eels much softer than that one.This orange tastes nice.3 某些动词表被动含义如某些动词表被动含义如 weigh/measure/cost/last/break out/take place/happen The meeting lasted two hours.4 get/come/go +P.P 表示被动含义表示被动含义 用来强调动作结果或表示出乎意料的偶用来强调动作结果或表示出乎意料的偶然事件然事件.come/go 常与否定连用常与否定连用 They got delayed because of the holiday traffic

15、.The womans complaints went unnoticed.5 在在 need/want/require/deserve+doing 句句型中型中,动名词表示被动动名词表示被动.The garden needs watering=The garden needs to be watered.6 有些动词的不定式有些动词的不定式(blame/let/rent 用主动用主动表被动表被动 Nobody was to blame for the accident.The house is to let.7一些介词短语用作定语或表语时表被动一些介词短语用作定语或表语时表被动 The th

16、ief was under arrest .Apples are on sale.将下列句子改为被动语态：将下列句子改为被动语态：（一）We often use a recorder in our English class.The parents found the boy in the street.3.We must clean the blackboard.4.I saw her reading a book hours ago.A recorder is often used(by us)in our English class.The boy was found(by the pa

17、rents)in the streetThe blackboard must be cleaned(by us).She was seen reading a book hours ago.6。Someone has stolen my bike.7.They are building a house.8.My family will buy a computer next week.My bike has been stolen.A house is being built.A computer will be bought next week.（二）I often buy Mother s

18、omething.My brother gave me a book.We can hear her sing this song.The boys words made us laugh.Mother is often bought something.Something is often bough for Mother.I was given a book.A book was given to me.She can be heard to sing this song.We were made to laugh by the boys words.4.She should look u

19、p the new words in a dictionary.5.The old man put on a hat.The new words should be looked up in a dictionary.A hat was put on.单项单项1.Your bike cant _ there.A.be put B.is put C.be putted D.putted 2.Look!A big modern building _in our city.A.is built B.is being built C.has been built D.is building3.My r

20、oom_tomorrow.A.is cleaned B.be cleaned C.will be cleaned D.is cleaning4.This picture _long long ago.A.drawn B.is drawn C.was drawn D.was drawing5.The windows _once a week.A.have been cleaned B.is cleaned C.are cleaned D.are cleaning6.The sick girl_to the hospital at once.A.must send B.be must sent C

21、.must be sent D.be sent7.Our classroom must_clean every day.A.keep B.to keep C.be kept D.to be kept8.-What a nice camera!-Yeah.It_ Shanghai.A,made in B.is made in C.is made of D.made of9.He_to sing in the open air just now.A.heard B.was hearing C.was heard D.has heard10.As soon as he heard he loud n

22、oise,he went out to see what_ A.was happening B.was happened C.has happened D.will happen1 The silence of the library _only by the sound of pages being turned over.A has been broken B breaks C broke D was broken 2 Sarah,hurry up,I m afraid you wont have time to _before the party.A get changed B get

23、change C get changing D get to changeDA3 Rain forests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A cut B are cut C are being cut D had been cut 4 I need one more stamp before my collection _.A has completed B completes C has been completed D is completed

24、CD5 All the preparations for the task _,and we are ready to start.A completed B had been completed C have been completed D complete 6 Hundreds of jobs _if the factory closes.A lost B will be lost C are lost D will lose CB7 He told us to keep a secret of the things _.A discussing B to discuss C being

25、 discussed D having discussed 8 The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _by 2006.A has been completed B has completed C will have been completed D will have completed CC9 When first _ to the market,these products enjoyed great success.A introducing B introduced

26、C introduce D being introduced 10 More patients _in hospital this year than last year.A treated B have treated C had been treated D have been treated BD11 The new books are of great use.They _well and _already.A sell/have been sold out B sold/had sold out C sell/sell out D sold/have sold out 12 Ther

27、e are pairs _,but Im at a loss which to buy.A to be chosen B to choose from C chosen D for choosing AB13 Many foreigners think that Chinese is too difficult _.A to learn B learning C to be learned D learned14 The child need _to school and _.A to go/to educate B going/to educate C to go/educating D going/educating 15-Do you like the material?-Yes.it _ very soft.A is feeling B is felt C felt D feels ACD